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Location, location — Cell sizes, lives influenced by host size
Cells from the smallest to the largest of mammals often seem to be "one size fits all." Now a closer look reveals that whether a cell lives in an elephant, mouse or something in between can make a big difference in its life.   view more (2007-03-09)

Gene therapy 'turns off' mutation linked to Parkinson's disease
A group of Northwestern University researchers is developing a novel gene therapy aimed at selectively turning off one of the genes involved in the development of Parkinson's disease.   view more (2006-01-19)

Researchers find molecule that inhibits regrowth of spinal nerve cells
A molecule that helps the body's motor nerve cells grow along proper paths during embryonic development also plays a major role in inhibiting spinal-cord neurons from regenerating after injury, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found.   view more (2005-07-12)

Discovery supports theory of Alzheimer's disease as form of diabetes
Insulin, it turns out, may be as important for the mind as it is for the body. Research in the last few years has raised the possibility that Alzheimer's memory loss could be due to a novel third form of diabetes.   view more (2007-09-27)

Mutant mice show key autism traits
While the causes of autism remain complex and mysterious, researchers are steadily adding pieces to its intricate puzzle.   view more (2006-05-04)

Study implicates potassium channel mutations in neurodegeneration and mental retardation
For the first time, researchers have linked mutations in a gene that regulates how potassium enters cells to a neurodegenerative disease and to another disorder that causes mental retardation and coordination problems.   view more (2006-02-27)

Septum keeps neurons in synch, can reduce epileptic seizures by 90 percent
The brain's septum helps prevent epileptic seizures by inducing rhythmical electrical activity in the circuits of another area of the brain known as the hippocampus, according to a new study in the Journal of Neurophysiology.   view more (2006-06-20)

Brain needs perfection in synapse number
The proper number of synapses or communication between nerve cells, determined early in life, is crucial to having a healthy brain that can learn and retain information.   view more (2007-10-04)

Treatment blocks pain without disrupting other functions
A combination of two drugs can selectively block pain-sensing neurons in rats without impairing movement or other sensations such as touch, according to a new study by National Institutes of Health (NIH)-supported investigators.   view more (2007-10-04)

Grabbing addiction by the tail
Canadian scientists have developed some clever molecular trickery that is helping to reduce the drug cravings of addicted rats. One of the problems in addiction is that neurons in some parts of the brain lose glutamate receptors from the cell surface, and those receptors are important for... view more (2005-11-28)

Stem Cell Activity Deciphered in the Aging Brain
Neurobiologists have discovered why the aging brain produces progressively fewer new nerve cells in its learning and memory center. The scientists said the finding, made in rodents, refutes current ideas on how long crucial "progenitor" stem cells persist in the aging brain.   view more (2006-12-19)

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting
During periods of fasting, brain cells responsible for stimulating the appetite make sure that you stay hungry. Now, a new study of mice reported in the January issue of the journal Cell Metabolism, published by Cell Press, reveals the complex series of molecular events that keep those neurons... view more (2007-01-03)

Worms take the sniff test to reveal sex differences in brain
Buttery popcorn or fresh green vegetables? Your answer tells a lot about you. Now, scientists say that the way that thousands of tiny worms have answered that question likely reveals a lot about you and your brain, too.   view more (2007-11-06)

New insight into how serotonin reduces appetite could help in developing safer anti-obesity drugs
A study led by a UT Southwestern Medical Center researcher sheds light on how the brain chemical serotonin, when spurred by diet drugs such as Fen-phen, works to curb appetite.   view more (2006-07-20)

Roots of epilepsy may lie in oft-ignored brain cells
Star-shaped brain cells that are often overlooked by doctors and scientists as mere support cells appear to play a key role in the development of epilepsy.   view more (2005-08-15)

'Fetal' neurons play role in adult brain
Subplate neurons - once thought to die after directing the wiring of the cerebral cortex or gray matter- remain in the white matter of the adult brain in small numbers and maintain activity, communicating with other neurons in the brain said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine and the... view more (2007-09-12)

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders
An international research team has provided the first conclusive evidence that neurodevelopmental disorders such as mental retardation and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and ataxias can be caused, at least in part, by specific gene defects that... view more (2006-02-28)

Research suggests cause of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease
The severe neurodegeneration associated with Huntington's disease may result from molecular mutations that block the transport of nutrients within cells.   view more (2006-05-31)

Evolutionary shifts in olfactory sensitivities in fruit flies
How do an animal's senses change as it evolves to occupy a new ecological niche? By comparing the olfactory system of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which feeds from multiple fruit types, with that of its sibling species D. sechellia, a specialist particularly drawn to a single fruit type.   view more (2006-01-10)

Auditory neurons in humans far more sensitive to fine sound frequencies than most mammals
The human ear is exquisitely tuned to discern different sound frequencies, whether such tones are high or low, near or far. But the ability of our ears pales in comparison to the remarkable knack of single neurons in the brain to distinguish between the very subtlest of sound frequencies.   view more (2008-01-11)

Dopamine imbalances cause sleep disorders in animal models of Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia
Neuroscientists at Duke University Medical Center working with genetically engineered mice have found that the brain chemical dopamine plays a critical role in regulating sleep and brain activity associated with dreaming.   view more (2006-10-11)

More insight into Alzheimer's disease with Stanford discovery of possible cause
A peacekeeper in the body's defenses against infection may hold the key to understanding-and eventually treating-Alzheimer's disease. Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine discovered that when a molecule responsible for dialing down the immune system malfunctions in the brain... view more (2006-11-21)

Associative memory — Learning at all levels
"Green" means "go," but what does "red" mean? Just about everybody says "stop" since we all have learned to imbue certain colors with meaning (or we would be road kill by now).   view more (2007-03-15)

Gene therapy shows promise in model of Parkinson's disease
Scientists at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland, have conducted novel experiments that might one day lead to gene therapy treatment options for patients with Parkinson's disease. In research published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of... view more (2004-11-24)

Standing up to paraplegia with gene therapy
Elena Rugarli and colleagues from the National Neurological Institute in Milan have used gene therapy to save sensory and skeletal muscle nerve fibers from degeneration in mice with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP).   view more (2005-12-16)
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