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Brains response to visual stimuli helps us to focus on what we should see, rather than all there is to see
Delving ever deeper into the intricate architecture of the brain, researchers at The Salk Institute have now described how two different types of nerve cells, called neurons, work together in tiny sub-networks to pass on just the right amount and the right kind of sensory information.   view more (2005-10-24)

Life and death in the hippocampus: what young neurons need to survive
Whether newborn nerve cells in adult brains live or die depends on whether they can muscle their way into networks occupied by mature neurons.   view more (2006-08-14)

Protein protects against nerve degeneration
A protein called NMNAT protects against nerve cell degeneration in fruit flies and mice, said Baylor College of Medicine researchers in a report in the Public Library of Science Biology that appears online today.   view more (2006-12-01)

Mammalian neurogenesis breaks into the most static brain region
ifteen years ago, the discovery of adult neurogenesis (the production of new neurons) in the highly static, non-renewable mammalian brain was a breakthrough in neuroscience.   view more (2008-06-04)

Looking at neurons from all sides
A new technique that marries a fast-moving laser beam with a special microscope that look at tissues in different optical planes will enable scientists to get a three-dimensional view of neurons or nerve cells as they interact, said Baylor College of Medicine scientists in a report that appears... view more (2008-04-28)

Groundbreaking study helps explain why preemie brains improve over time
Infants born prematurely and with hypoxia-inadequate oxygen to the blood-are able to recover some cells, volume and weight in the brain after oxygen supply is restored, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Experimental Neurology.   view more (2005-06-28)

UCF Research Links Protein, Stem Cells and Potential Alzheimer's Treatment
A team of scientists led by professor Kiminobu Sugaya at the University of Central Florida may have found a new way to treat Alzheimer's disease.   view more (2007-08-07)

UNC study ties ending moderate drinking to depression
Scientific evidence has long suggested that moderate drinking offers some protection against heart disease, certain types of stroke and some forms of cancer.   view more (2008-07-09)

Neurons in the frontal lobe may be responsible for rational decision-making
You study the menu at a restaurant and decide to order the steak rather than the salmon. But when the waiter tells you about the lobster special, you decide lobster trumps steak. Without reconsidering the salmon, you place your order-all because of a trait called "transitivity."   view more (2007-12-10)

Free radical cell death switch identified
Humans and other organisms depend on oxygen to produce the energy required for cells to carry out their normal functions. A cell's engine, the mitochondria, converts oxygen into energy. But this process also leaves a kind of exhaust product known as free radicals.   view more (2006-06-02)

Altering genetic blueprint of receptors in brain could help stroke victims avoid brain damage
A University of Central Florida researcher has discovered that altering a receptor that mediates communication between nerve cells in the brain significantly improves animals' chances of surviving strokes and allows them to remain healthier afterwards.   view more (2006-04-11)

NYU, Salk Institute neuroscientists offer new path for measuring visual responses to complex images
Neuroscientists at New York University and the Salk Institute have developed a new technique for measuring visual responses to complex images. The method consists of building a model based on cell responses to a range of stimuli, then asking how accurate the model is by comparing the model... view more (2005-06-22)

Caltech scientists engineer supersensitive receptor, gain better understanding of dopamine system
Genetically modifying a receptor found on the neurons that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine has given California Institute of Technology (Caltech) researchers a unique glimpse into the workings of the brain's dopamine system--as well as a new target for treating diseases that result from... view more (2008-10-15)

Study breaks ground in revealing how neurons generate movement
When the eye tracks a bird's flight across the sky, the visual experience is normally smooth, without interruption. But underlying this behavior is a complex coordination of neurons that has remained mysterious to scientists.   view more (2008-04-25)

Spray to Stop Scarring in Development
A spray that halves the healing time of burns and wounds is being designed for immediate use. Marina Murphy explains how the spray could be the difference between having a disfiguring scar or not in Chemistry & Industry magazine.   view more (2004-10-28)

Growth factor stimulates rapid extension of key motor neurons in brain
A growth factor known to be important for the survival of many types of cells stimulates rapid extension of corticospinal motor neurons - critical brain cells that connect the cerebral cortex with the spinal cord and that die in motor neuron diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou... view more (2006-11-06)

Leptin has powerful effect on reward center in the brain
Leptin, a hormone critical for normal food intake and metabolism, exerts a strong effect on appetite by acting in the mid-brain region as well as in the hypothalamus.   view more (2006-09-29)

Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in insects may help fight infectious disease
Mosquitoes don't mind morning breath. They use the carbon dioxide people exhale as a way to identify a potential food source. But when they bite, they can pass on a number of dangerous infectious diseases, such as malaria, yellow fever, and West Nile encephalitis.   view more (2006-12-14)

Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in insects may help fight infectious disease
Mosquitoes don't mind morning breath. They use the carbon dioxide people exhale as a way to identify a potential food source. But when they bite, they can pass on a number of dangerous infectious diseases, such as malaria, yellow fever, and West Nile encephalitis.   view more (2006-12-14)

Researchers identify a role for glucose-sensing neurons in type 2 diabetes
In cases of Type 2 diabetes, the body's cells fail to appropriately regulate blood glucose levels. Research has suggested that this results from two simultaneous problems: the improper functioning of pancreatic beta cells and the impairment of insulin's actions on target tissues, including the... view more (2007-08-30)

Chemical cues turn embryonic stem cells into cerebellar neurons
In order to differentiate and specialize, stem cells require very specific environmental cues in a very specific order, and scientists have so far been unable to prod them to go through each of the necessary steps.   view more (2007-03-15)

Researchers identify taste receptor responsible for caffeine detection
By studying how taste-receptor mutations impact fruit fly behavior, researchers have identified a taste receptor responsible for the detection of caffeine, a bitter compound known to activate certain taste-receptor neurons, as well as impact various aspects of physiology.   view more (2006-09-19)

Stem cell research produces a key discovery for Fragile X Syndrome
An important finding has been made by McMaster researchers about Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), a sex-linked genetic disorder that affects approximately one in 4,000 males and one in 6,000 females.   view more (2007-09-11)

Brain's cannabinoid system 'mellows' seizures
The same brain machinery that responds to the active substance in marijuana provides a central "on-demand" protection against seizures, researchers have found. They said their discoveries suggest that the "endocannabinoid" system might constitute a prime target for drugs against... view more (2006-08-17)

Cellular cues identified for stroke recovery
When a stroke strikes, the supply of blood to the part of the brain affected is interrupted, starving it of oxygen. Brain cells can be seriously damaged or die, impairing local brain function.   view more (2006-12-26)
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