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Flies on speed offer insight into the roles of dopamine in sleep and arousal
Methamphetamine, the drug of choice for long-distance truckers and college students pulling all-nighters, appears to do a similar trick for fruit flies, too. This finding is one of several in a new study that demonstrates a critical role for the neurotransmitter dopamine in the modulation of sleep,... view more (2005-07-12)

Structure of important neurotransmitter regulator determined
Researchers from Virginia Tech and the Brookhaven National Laboratory have solved the structure of an enzyme that is critical in the regulation of the neurotransmitter system in the human brain.   view more (2008-02-04)

New protein synthesis not essential to memory formation
New research from the University of Illinois challenges the premise that the brain must build new proteins in response to an experience for that experience to be recorded in long-term memory.    view more (2007-07-27)

Neurons use chemical 'chords' to shape signaling
Researchers have discovered that neurons can use two different neurotransmitters that target the same receptor on a receiving neuron to shape the transmission of a nerve impulse.   view more (2008-02-28)

The secret of internal bliss revealed
Scientists now know for sure how cannabis works in the brain. By studying naturally occuring cannabinoids they have found that cannabis 'speaks' to nerve cells instructing them to stop releasing their chemical neurotransmitters so dumbing down their effects. The upside is that it makes cannabis... view more (2001-04-03)

Caltech scientists engineer supersensitive receptor, gain better understanding of dopamine system
Genetically modifying a receptor found on the neurons that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine has given California Institute of Technology (Caltech) researchers a unique glimpse into the workings of the brain's dopamine system--as well as a new target for treating diseases that result from... view more (2008-10-15)

Sunlight and serotonin underlie seasonal mood disorders
Authors of a research letter in this week's issue of THE LANCET provide further evidence that the effect of sunlight on neurotransmitters in the brain plays a significant role in seasonal mood disorders. The success of phototherapy (ultraviolet light therapy to stimulate brain neurotransmitter... view more (2002-11-29)

How seizures progress to epilepsy in the young
A major mystery in epilepsy research has been why infants are more prone to seizures than adults and how those seizures progress to chronic epilepsy.   view more (2005-12-08)

Membrane fusion at the synapse: Janus faced synaptotagmin-1 helps to keep the fast pace
Imagine a bathtub with two soap bubbles colliding but never fusing. Then you add detergent, and the surface of the water goes flat as the walls of the bubbles collapse and merge.   view more (2008-10-30)

VIP's importance to temperature regulation may be pre-empted by substance P
An elusive neurotransmitter pathway in the skin may have been isolated by University of Oregon researchers, a discovery that, if confirmed, would be a leap forward in understanding how temperature regulation occurs.   view more (2006-10-25)

Early Promise For Stroke Patients Given
A preliminary study published in this week’s issue of THE LANCET suggests that the neurotransmitter precursor levodopa used in combination with physiotherapy could improve motor recovery for patients after stroke. Hemiplegia (paralysis to one side of the body) causes functional disability... view more (2001-09-05)

Bound by Attention: Bringing rats and humans together
When picking through a basket of fruit, it doesn't seem very difficult to recognize a green pear from a green apple. This is easy, thanks to "feature binding"- a process by which our brain combines all of the specific features of an object and gives us a complete and unified picture of it.   view more (2008-11-19)

Common PTSD drug is no more effective than placebo
Guanfacine, a medication commonly prescribed to alleviate symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, is no more effective than a placebo, according to a study led by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center.   view more (2006-12-04)

Why men are more aggressive: What a mother should know
Aggression in men may be due to variations in one of two genes involved in the activity of the neurotransmitter serotonin.   view more (2006-06-21)

Bisexual fruit flies show new role for neurochemical
Fruit flies' ability to discern one sex from another may depend on the number of receptors on the surface of nerve cells, and the number of receptors is controlled by levels of a ubiquitous brain chemical, University of Illinois at Chicago researchers have found.   view more (2007-01-04)

Taste test may identify best drugs for depression
New research has shown that it might be possible to use taste as an indicator as to whether someone is depressed, and as a way of determining which is the most suitable drug to treat their depression.   view more (2006-12-06)

Dopamine study sheds new light on drug addiction
A paper published in today's issue of Science has challenged beliefs about the role of dopamine in the brain, which could lead to new treatments for Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and drug addiction. The research suggests that dopamine has a far wider, less specialised role than previously... view more (2005-03-02)

Streamlining brain signals for speed and efficacy
Life exists at the edge of chaos, where small changes can have striking and unanticipated effects, and major stimuli may go unheard.   view more (2008-10-23)

Study reveals how ADHD drugs work in brain
Although millions depend on medications such as Ritalin to quell symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), scientists have struggled to pinpoint how the drugs work in the brain.   view more (2006-06-26)

Deafness and seizures result when mysterious protein deleted in mice
Scientists have discovered that mice genetically engineered to lack a particular protein in the brain have profound deafness and seizures. The finding suggests a pathway, they say, for exploring the hereditary causes of deafness and epilepsy in humans.   view more (2008-01-25)

Protein shown to rally biological clock
A biologist at Washington University in St. Louis and his collaborators have identified the factor in mammalian brain cells that keeps cells in synchrony so that functions like the wake-sleep cycle, hormone secretion and loco motor behaviors are coordinated daily over a 24-hour period.   view more (2006-11-30)

Basic research into Parkinson's
Parkinson's disease was first described in 1817 by the London physician James Parkinson. A great amount of research has been carried out since that time but the fundamental causes of the disease remain unresolved. Some time ago now researchers found that a neurotransmitter, dopamine, played a key... view more (2004-05-07)

The glutamate decarboxylase 1 gene may play a pivotal role in developing alcoholism
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA has been implicated in the development of alcoholism, although the mechanisms through which this occurs are unclear.   view more (2006-10-25)

New study: pine bark extract boosts nitric oxide production
A study to be published in the October edition of Hypertension Research reveals Pycnogenol, (pic-noj-en-all), an antioxidant plant extract from the bark of the French maritime pine tree, helps individuals by enhancing healthy nitric oxide (NO) production which leads to an increase in blood flow and... view more (2007-10-18)

Single genetic defect produces specific cognitive deficit in mice
Researchers have found that, in mice, producing a single genetic defect in a molecule that "reloads" neurons to trigger one another using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine impairs the mice's ability to recognize objects or other mice.   view more (2006-09-07)
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