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Better measurements reveal seasonal changes in sulfur
Researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a new and improved technique for the simultaneous measurement of sulfur isotopic ratios and concentrations of atmospheric sulfate using snow samples from Greenland and... view more (2005-10-10)

'Hot' oxygen atoms on titanium dioxide motivated by more than just temperature
Like two ballroom dancers waltzing together, the two atoms of an oxygen molecule severed by a metal catalyst usually behave identically. But new research reveals that on a particular catalyst, split oxygen atoms act like a couple dancing the tango: one oxygen atom plants itself while the other... view more (2008-02-11)

Damage from oxygen may be one cause of Parkinson's disease
Research by neuroscientists at the University of Virginia Health System shows that oxygen free radicals are damaging proteins in mitochondria, the tiny cellular 'batteries' of brain cells.   view more (2006-05-17)

MSU researcher nabs 'doubly magic' tin isotope
With help from newly developed equipment designed and built at Michigan State University, MSU researchers have been able to make first-of-its-kind measurements of several rare nuclei, one of which has been termed a "holy grail" of experimental nuclear physics.   view more (2008-12-12)

Drops in blood oxygen levels may be key to sudden death in some epilepsy patients
A new study by researchers at UC Davis Medical Center suggests that the sudden unexplained deaths of some epilepsy patients may be a result of their brains not telling their bodies to breathe during seizures.   view more (2008-11-18)

Fossil wood gives vital clues to ancient climates
New research into a missing link in climatology shows that the Earth was not overcome by a greenhouse period when dinosaurs dominated, but experienced rapid fluctuations in temperature and sea level change that resulted in a balance of the global carbon cycle.   view more (2006-02-24)

Research advances understanding of how hydrogen fuel is made
Oxygen may be necessary for life, but it sure gets in the way of making hydrogen fuel cheaply and abundantly from a family of enzymes present in many microorganisms.   view more (2005-10-06)

Adaptation to oxygen deprivation elucidates tumor physiology
Two new studies in the March Cell Metabolism reveal a survival mechanism by which cells adapt to oxygen starvation by ratcheting down their demand.   view more (2006-03-08)

How rusty is the Earth?
An iron object lying around outside quickly turns rusty. Iron metal always has to be combined with some other elements or coated with paint to stop it corroding. The reason for this is that iron metal is unstable in the presence of the oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere. It reacts with the iron to... view more (2004-06-10)

Finding an answer to Darwin's Dilemma
The sudden appearance of large animal fossils more than 500 million years ago - a problem that perplexed even Charles Darwin and is commonly known as "Darwin's Dilemma" - may be due to a huge increase of oxygen in the world's oceans, says Queen's paleontologist Guy Narbonne, an expert in... view more (2006-12-11)

Researchers detect hint of oxygen 50 to 100 million years earlier than first believed
Two teams of scientists, including three researchers from UC Riverside, report that traces of oxygen appeared in Earth's atmosphere roughly 100 million years before the "Great Oxidation Event" 2.4 billion years ago.   view more (2007-09-28)

Model gives clearer idea of how oxygen came to dominate Earth's atmosphere
A number of hypotheses have been used to explain how free oxygen first accumulated in Earth's atmosphere some 2.4 billion years ago, but a full understanding has proven elusive.   view more (2005-08-09)

Chemistry & Industry - 1 October Issue
NEWS Unexplained miscarriages could be linked to insulin resistance (page 5) Insulin resistance could explain why some women suffer from repeated miscarriage. The association of insulin resistance with repeated pregnancy loss in diabetics and women with polycystic ovary syndrome are well known, but... view more (2002-10-02)

Healthy rivers needed to remove nitrogen
Healthy streams with vibrant ecosystems play a critical role in removing excess nitrogen caused by human activities, according to a major new national study published this week in Nature.   view more (2008-03-13)

Reactive oxygen species shown essential for development of inner ear's balance machinery
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normally produced as a product of metabolism, and, as their name implies, they are highly reactive with surrounding biological components.   view more (2006-01-24)

Towards the mechanism of cell respiration
Researchers at the Institute of Biotechnology of the University of Helsinki have for the first time identified an internal electron transfer reaction that initiates the proton pump mechanism of the respiratory enzyme.   view more (2006-04-06)

Red-eyed treefrog embryos actively avoid asphyxiation inside their eggs
Boston University undergraduate Jessica Rogge and associate professor Karen Warkentin, working at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's laboratories in Gamboa, Panama, discovered that frog embryos at a very early developmental stage actively respond to oxygen levels in the egg-as reported... view more (2008-11-03)

Using microbes to fuel the US hydrogen economy
The focus on hydrogen as a future fuel source is compelling given dwindling supplies of oil and natural gas, as well as escalating costs and the fact that burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide, a "greenhouse" gas, into the atmosphere.   view more (2006-09-13)

Carbon monoxide protects lung cells against oxygen-induced damage
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have demonstrated that low-dose carbon monoxide administered in conjunction with oxygen therapy markedly inhibits oxygen-induced damage to lung cells.   view more (2007-01-19)

Food source threatened by carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide increasing in the atmosphere may affect the microbial life in the sea, which could have an impact on a major food source, warned Dr Ian Joint at a Science Media Centre press briefing today.   view more (2007-12-11)

Study shows largest North America climate change in 65 million years
The largest climate change in central North America since the age of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, a temperature drop of nearly 15 degrees Fahrenheit, is documented within the fossilized teeth of horses and other plant-eating mammals, a new study reveals.   view more (2007-02-08)

Link between chronic kidney disease and oxygen-deprived tissue
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered how low-oxygen conditions can worsen chronic kidney disease (CKD).   view more (2007-12-19)

'Dead Zone' causing wave of death off Oregon coast
The most severe low-oxygen ocean conditions ever observed on the West Coast of the United States have turned parts of the seafloor off Oregon into a carpet of dead Dungeness crabs and rotting sea worms, a new survey shows. Virtually all of the fish appear to have fled the area.   view more (2006-08-11)

Cancer cells 'reprogram' energy needs to grow and spread, study suggests
Studying a rare inherited syndrome, researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that cancer cells can reprogram themselves to turn down their own energy-making machinery and use less oxygen, and that these changes might help cancer cells survive and spread.   view more (2007-05-08)

Carbon nanotube absorption measured in worms, cancer cells
University of Michigan researchers have discovered how to measure the absorption of multi-walled carbon nanoparticles into worms and cancer cells, a breakthrough that will revolutionize scientists' understanding of how the particles impact the living environment.   view more (2006-03-29)
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