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Rutgers Scientists Discover Brain Cell Development Process Implicated in Mental Retardation, Finding May Lead to New Drug Therapies
Scientists at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, have discovered a biological process in brain cell development that may help explain some causes of mental retardation. This understanding may one day help other researchers develop therapies that can reduce specific forms of retardation.   view more (2007-08-01)

UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation
Calling it an important technical advance in the study of the complex receptors and pathways of the body's cellular system, researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine have reconstructed the signaling pathways that impact activation of a receptor that is... view more (2006-09-18)

From lung to gut - the Wnt signaling pathway transforms cell fate
Researchers have uncovered a cellular mechanism that can alter the fate of progenitor cells that normally generate the lung, causing them to create gut cells instead. The findings, which are published this week in the top-tier Open Access journal, Journal of Biology, could help researchers hoping... view more (2004-06-03)

Crossed (Evolutionary) Signals?
What do humans and single-celled choanoflagellates have in common? More than you'd think. New research into the choanoflagellate genome shows these ancient organisms have similar levels of proteins that cells in more complex organisms, including humans, use to communicate with each other.   view more (2008-07-02)

UVA researchers explain cell response to skin-damaging UV rays
It's well known that overexposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun can cause major skin problems, ranging from skin cancer to sunburns and premature wrinkles. A tan, for example, is nature's own UV protection and an unhealthy sign that your skin is damaged.   view more (2007-10-02)

Molecular research suggests shift needed in how some drugs are created
The first close-up look at a pro-inflammatory signaling molecule involved in immune response in mammals suggests that researchers "should rethink what they are doing" in creating drugs based on a fruit-fly model, scientists say.   view more (2005-10-05)

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway
The study was published in an advance online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences during the week of April 9, 2007.   view more (2007-04-10)

Similar stem cells in insect and human gut
Scientists at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Embryology have found that adult fruitflies have the same stem cells controlling cell regulation in their gut as humans do.   view more (2005-12-08)

St. Jude finds signaling system that halts the growth of a childhood brain cancer
A discovery by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists suggests a safer way to treat medulloblastoma, a rare but often fatal childhood brain tumor. The group found that one of the brain's signaling pathways inhibits the growth of the highly aggressive cancer cells.   view more (2008-03-17)

Scientists identify a candidate gene for osteoporosis
Today, researchers report the identification of a gene that may play a role in susceptibility to osteoporosis—the crippling disease that leads to bone fractures, especially of the hip and spine.   view more (2007-03-29)

Research uncovers signaling pathways related to brain-immune system links
New research on signaling pathways in immune cells bolsters evidence of connections between the central nervous system and the immune system.   view more (2006-05-16)

Starting over: Wnt reactivates dormant limb regeneration program
Chop off a salamander's leg and a brand new one will sprout in no time. But most animals have lost the ability to replace missing limbs. Now, a research team at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has been able to regenerate a wing in a chick embryo - a species not known to be able to regrow... view more (2006-11-20)

An Escort Protein Discovered for Ubiquitous Ras, Whose Gene Mutates in 30 to 60% of All Cancers
In order to function properly, living organisms need to eliminate defective cells. This rule is however not always abided by, as evidenced by cancer cells which no longer carry out the tasks originally set for them and yet continue to proliferate, as though they were " ignoring " commands from... view more (2002-05-02)

Researchers writing story of the 'alcoholic lung'
Chronic alcohol abuse disrupts the proteins that keep fluids out of the lung, lowers a protective antioxidant, disrupts immune defenses and can lead to a condition known as 'alcoholic lung,' according to research to be presented at the conference, "Physiological Genomics and Proteomics of Lung... view more (2006-11-03)

Major link in brain-obesity puzzle found
A single protein in brain cells may act as a linchpin in the body's weight-regulating system, playing a key role in the flurry of signals that govern fat storage, sugar use, energy balance and weight.   view more (2007-01-29)

Insulin's brain impact links drugs and diabetes
Insulin, long known as an important regulator of blood glucose levels, now has a newly appreciated role in the brain.   view more (2007-10-17)

FSU biologists uncover mechanisms that shape cells for better or worse
In a landmark study, biologists at Florida State University have uncovered a specific genetic and molecular mechanism that causes cell polarity - the asymmetric shape or composition critical to a cell's proper functioning.   view more (2006-08-17)

Enzyme's second messenger contributes to cell overgrowth
Scientists at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine have uncovered a novel pathway by which hormones elevated in inflammation, cancer and cell injury act on cells to stimulate their growth.   view more (2007-09-27)

Major 'missed' biochemical pathway emerges as important in virtually all cells
A new study by Duke University researchers provides more evidence that the nitric oxide (NO) system in the life of a cell plays a key role in disease, and the findings point to ways to improve treatment of illnesses such as heart disease and cancer.   view more (2008-05-23)

Neuroscientists Show Insulin Receptor Signaling Regulates Structure and Function of Brain Circuits
A team of neuroscientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has demonstrated for the first time in living animals that insulin receptors in the brain can initiate signaling that regulates both the structure and function of neural circuits.   view more (2008-06-19)

Calorie restriction inhibits, obesity fuels development of epithelial cancers
A restricted-calorie diet inhibited the development of precancerous growths in a two-step model of skin cancer, reducing the activation of two signaling pathways known to contribute to cancer growth and development, researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report today at... view more (2008-04-15)

Protein binds whenever it can
Dutch cancer researcher Joost Martens has discovered that the protein p300, which plays an important role in the correct transcription of DNA to RNA, can bind to DNA at several sites. The protein can also occupy a position in various complexes, each with its own protein composition. This knowledge... view more (2003-06-24)

Scientists discover age-regulated cellular activities that protect against protein aggregation
Alzheimer's disease now strikes more than one in 30 Americans, and about half the population that lives past 85 acquires Alzheimer's.   view more (2006-08-14)

Malignant melanoma cells secrete protein required for embryo formation
A Northwestern University research group has discovered that aggressive melanoma cells secrete Nodal, a protein that is critical to proper embryo formation.   view more (2006-07-31)

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy
Researchers believe they have found a way to change the action of 60 percent of currently available medications, in some cases making them many times more effective.   view more (2006-04-21)
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