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New piece in the jigsaw puzzle of human origins
In an article in today's Nature, Uppsala researcher Martin Brazeau describes the skull and jaws of a fish that lived about 410 million years ago. The study may give important clues to the origin of jawed vertebrates, and thus ultimately our own evolution. view more (2009-01-16)
Evolving complexity out of 'junk DNA'
The study, published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, claims to have solved this scientific riddle by analysing the genomics of primitive living fishes such as sharks and lampreys and their spineless relatives, such as the sea squirts. view more (2008-02-12)
Dartmouth researchers find the root of the evolutionary emergence of vertebrates
Dartmouth College researchers and colleagues from the University of Bristol in the U.K. have traced the beginnings of complex life, i.e. vertebrates, to microRNA. The researchers argue that the evolution of microRNAs, which regulate gene expression, are behind the origin of early vertebrates. view more (2008-02-12)
Does missing gene point to nocturnal existence for early mammals?
A gene that makes cells in the eye receptive to light is missing in humans, researchers have discovered. view more (2006-10-13)
Why the brain has 'gray matter'
By borrowing mathematical tools from theoretical physics, scientists have recently developed a theory that explains why the brain tissue of humans and other vertebrates is segregated into the familiar "gray matter" and "white matter." view more (2006-01-12)
The difference between fish and humans: scientists answer century-old developmental question
Embryologists at UCL (University College London) have helped solve an evolutionary riddle that has been puzzling scientists for over a century. view more (2007-10-11)
Conserved gene expression reveals our 'inner fish'
A study of gene expression in chickens, frogs, pufferfish, mice and people has revealed surprising similarities in several key tissues. view more (2009-04-16)
Stoned sea-squirts
The psychoactive ingredient of the drug cannabis exerts its effects on the human brain by activating proteins known as cannabinoid receptors. Dr. Maurice Elphick of Queen Mary, University of London has uncovered the first evidence that cannabinoid receptors may not be unique to humans and other vertebrates. The genome of the sea- squirt was... view more... (2004-03-31)
Elephant shark genome sequence leads to discovery of color perception in deep-sea fish
The elephant shark, a primitive deep-sea fish that belongs to the oldest living family of jawed vertebrates, can see color much like humans can. view more (2009-03-18)
260 million-year-old reptiles from Russia possessed the first modern ears
The discovery of the first anatomically modern ear in a group of 260 million-year-old fossil reptiles significantly pushes back the date of the origin of an advanced sense of hearing, and suggests the first known adaptations to living in the dark. view more (2007-09-12)
Discovery in the evolution of the immune system absorbing cells
Led by Dr J Oriol Sunyer, of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and formed by researchers from Philadelphia, St Louis and Idaho (USA) and by Dr Lluís Tort of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, the group has been able to show that B cells in fish as well as in amphibians are capable of strong phagocytosis... view more... (2006-10-05)
Similar stem cells in insect and human gut
Scientists at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Embryology have found that adult fruitflies have the same stem cells controlling cell regulation in their gut as humans do. view more (2005-12-08)
The evolutionary foundation of genomic imprinting in lower vertebrates
A Chinese scientist group working in College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, has shown that, as mammalian Igf2 CpG island, goldfish Igf2 CpG island has a parental differentially methylated region (DMR). view more (2009-05-18)
Insight into evolution of adaptive immunity boosted by sea urchin genome sequencing
We're not close kin to the sea urchin, but genetically speaking we may have more in common than we think. view more (2006-11-10)
Hard-wiring the fruit fly's visual system
Both vertebrate and fruit fly have so-called visual maps in the brain that represent the world they see. view more (2006-09-21)
New insights into neural tube defects
Environmental and genetic factors lead to neural tube defects in 1 in every 1,000 births and cause 1 in 20 of every spontaneous abortion. One cause of these defects is the failure of cells within the neural tube to migrate to the middle of the developing neural tube. view more (2006-01-12)
Mechanism to Organize Nervous System Conserved in Evolution
A study led by University of California, San Diego biologists suggests that, contrary to the prevailing view, the process in early development that partitions the nervous system in fruit flies and vertebrates, like humans, evolved from a common ancestor. view more (2006-09-12)
MicroRNAs play a big part in gene regulation-and evolution
egulating when and where certain proteins are made is crucial to the normal functioning of living things. To make proteins, information from DNA is transcribed into RNA molecules and then translated into the amino acids building blocks of proteins. view more (2005-06-24)
Insight into our sight: A new view on the evolution of the eye lens
The critical component in focusing is the eye lens, and the physical properties that underlie the transparency of the lens, as well as its ability to precisely refract light, arise from the high concentrations of special proteins called crystallins found in lens cells. view more (2005-09-23)
Ancient fossils shed light on anatomical changes accompanying evolution of first land vertebrates
Cartoon depictions of the first animals to emerge from the ocean and walk on land often show a simple fish with feet, venturing from water to land. view more (2009-07-07)
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