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Metabolic reactions: Less is more in single-celled organisms
A Northwestern University study has found a surprising similarity among four quite different organisms. The simplest organism, a bacterium called H. pylori, uses the same number of biochemical reactions (around 300) as yeast, the largest, most complex organism of the group, when optimizing growth. view more (2008-12-05)
New toxicity test could cut animal testing
To test whether chemicals are toxic to humans, researchers need to use liver cells that have been freshly harvested from mice or other mammals. A new collection of stable cell lines, described in BMC Biotechnology this week, could reduce the numbers of animals needed in such experiments. The MMH-GH cell lines are derived from the liver cells of... view more... (2004-03-17)
New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described
After years of research, scientists at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center are now able to explain, in exquisite molecular detail, how the estrogen hormone can help keep breast cancer cells alive. view more (2006-09-26)
How actin networks are actin'
Dynamic networks of growing actin filaments are critical for many cellular processes, including cell migration, intracellular transport, and the recovery of proteins from the cell surface. view more (2008-01-03)
Parkinson's Disease Mechanism Discovered
Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have pinpointed defects in a critical cellular pathway that can lead to the death of dopamine-producing nerve cells and ultimately symptoms of Parkinson's disease. view more (2006-06-23)
Novel enzyme offers new look at gene regulation
Scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have purified a novel protein and have shown it can alter gene activity by reversing a molecular modification previously thought permanent. view more (2005-12-21)
How small molecule can take apart Alzheimer's disease protein fibers
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have shown, in unprecedented detail, how a small molecule is able to selectively take apart abnormally folded protein fibers connected to Alzheimer's disease and prion diseases. view more (2008-05-16)
Kent scientists to tackle potentially lethal fungal infections
Scientists at the University of Kent have been awarded a major grant to help in the fight against fungal infections which can be potentially lethal for people whose immune systems are compromised, such those with HIV/AIDS. The £180,000 grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) will enable Dr. Fritz... view more... (2002-10-08)
Asymmetry due to Perfect Balance
Cell membranes are like two-dimensional fluids whose molecules are distributed evenly through lateral diffusion. But many important cellular processes depend on cortical polarity, the locally elevated concentration of specific membrane proteins. view more (2007-04-26)
Engineered protein effective against Staphylococcus aureus toxin
A research team led by the University of Illinois has developed a treatment for exposure to enterotoxin B, a noxious substance produced by the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium. view more (2007-05-22)
Using combinatorial libraries to engineer genetic circuits advances synthetic biology
Streamlining the construction of synthetic gene networks has led a team of Boston University researchers to develop a technique that couples libraries of diversified components with computer modeling to guide predictable gene network construction without the back and forth tweaking. view more (2009-04-23)
When cells go bad
When a cell's chromosomes lose their ends, the cell usually kills itself to stem the genetic damage. But University of Utah biologists discovered how those cells can evade suicide and start down the path to cancer. view more (2008-10-01)
The recombination of chromosomes: a controlled game of love and chance?
Sexual reproduction has many advantages - some most pleasurable - and probably leads to the long-term survival of the species concerned. During the formation of reproductive cells or gametes, sexual reproduction is accompanied by an exchange of genes between the two chromosomes inherited from the parents. Each individual arising from these gametes... view more... (2002-10-22)
Sesame seed extract and konjac gum may help ward off Salmonella and E. coli
A new study in SCI's Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture shows that konjac gum and sesame seed extract may offer protection against different strains of E. coli and Salmonella bacteria. view more (2008-08-06)
Scripps scientists uncover mimicry at the molecular level that protects genome integrity
The new study, which was published on April 12, 2009, in an advanced online edition of the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, draws new parallels between the Rad60 DNA repair factor and SUMO, a small ubiquitin-like modifier, which are both essential for maintaining genome stability during replication. view more (2009-04-14)
Researchers uncover potential mechanisms to protect against genetic alterations, diseases
Peering into the DNA of tiny yeast, researchers at the Moores Cancer Center at the University of California, San Diego and the San Diego Branch of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research have pinpointed a large number of genes that can prevent a type of genetic rearrangement that may lead to cancer and other diseases. view more (2009-08-07)
Roles of DNA packaging protein revealed by Einstein scientists
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have found that a class of chromatin proteins is crucial for maintaining the structure and function of chromosomes and the normal development of eukaryotic organisms. view more (2009-02-13)
What's the difference between a human and a fruit fly?
Fruit flies are dramatically different from humans not in their number of genes, but in the number of protein interactions in their bodies, according to scientists who have developed a new way of estimating the total number of interactions between proteins in any organism. view more (2008-05-13)
'Insulator' helps silence genes in dormant herpes virus
By adulthood, most people have suffered at least one bout of painful cold sores brought on by the Herpes simplex virus 1, also known as HSV-1. view more (2007-05-03)
ETH Researchers Open New Perspectives for Biotechnology
Metabolic and biochemical reactions are basically the same in all living beings, or at least comparable. The genetic codes of all living beings, that is to say of bacteria, plants, fungii and animals, are made up of the same set of building blocks. Human genes are therefore correctly translated into the corresponding proteins even by bacteria. The... view more... (2002-11-28)
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