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Discovery in plant virus may help prevent HIV and similar viruses
In a study that could lead to new ways to prevent infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and similar organisms, Purdue University researchers have been able to genetically modify a plant to halt reproduction of a related virus. view more (2007-08-01)
Most human-chimp differences due to gene regulation - not genes
The vast differences between humans and chimpanzees are due more to changes in gene regulation than differences in individual genes themselves, researchers from Yale, the University of Chicago, and the Hall Institute in Parkville, Victoria, Australia, argue in the 9 March 2006 issue of the journal Nature. view more (2006-03-09)
Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified
The recent discovery that a mutant "clock" gene made some people "early to bed and early to rise," a condition known as familial advanced sleep phase syndrome (FASPS), offered one of the first glimpses into the genetic basis of sleep in humans. view more (2007-01-12)
The evolution of food plants: Genetic control of grass flower architecture
Scientists are interested in understanding genetic control of grass inflorescence architecture because seeds of cereal grasses (e.g. rice, wheat, maize) provide most of the world's food. view more (2006-01-23)
When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren't quite so random, study finds
Of the thousands of proteins produced in our cells, few are as important as the enzyme RNA polymerase (RNAP), which has the unique ability to faithfully copy genetic information from DNA. view more (2006-06-16)
Cracking the genetic code for control of gene expression
Molecular biologists, developmental biologists and computer scientists at the Universtity of Helsinki, Finland, came together to advance towards cracking the code for how gene expression is controlled. view more (2006-01-13)
Adaptation to oxygen deprivation elucidates tumor physiology
Two new studies in the March Cell Metabolism reveal a survival mechanism by which cells adapt to oxygen starvation by ratcheting down their demand. view more (2006-03-08)
Basic work on E. coli identifies two new keys to regulation of bacterial gene expression
The cellular process of transcription, in which the enzyme RNA polymerase constructs chains of RNA from information contained in DNA, depends upon previously underappreciated sections of both the DNA promoter region and RNA polymerase, according to work done with the bacterium E. coli. view more (2006-06-19)
MIT: Engineered yeast speeds ethanol production
MIT scientists have engineered yeast that can improve the speed and efficiency of ethanol production, a key component to making biofuels a significant part of the U.S. energy supply. view more (2006-12-08)
Dying of excitement
For neurons, overexcitement is deadly. To avoid this, brain cells must sop up unneeded neurotransmitters from the synapse through membrane-bound transporters. If these transporters fail, neurons and other brain cells get excited to death- a phenomenon that may contribute to brain damage during stroke and Alzheimer's disease. view more (2006-03-06)
Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation
The Quaking gene, first described as a mutation in mice that causes rapid tremor, is thought to suppress tumor formation and protect humans from cancer. view more (2005-11-08)
HIV inserts into human genome using a DNA-associated protein
A human DNA-associated protein called LEDGF is the first such molecule found to control the location of HIV integration in human cells. view more (2005-11-28)
Scientists discover a genetic code for organizing DNA within the nucleus
DNA - the long, thin molecule that carries our hereditary material - is compressed around protein scaffolding in the cell nucleus into tiny spheres called nucleosomes. view more (2006-07-20)
UC Davis researchers discover genetic switch involved in cells' response to radiation therapy
UC Davis Cancer Center researchers have discovered a genetic switch that causes cancer cells to become more sensitive to a drug administered to enhance radiation therapy effectiveness. view more (2005-11-17)
Don't move a muscle: Evolutionary insight into myogenesis
In a paper released online ahead of its scheduled December 15th publication date, Dr. Michael Krause (NIH) and colleagues detail the transcription network that drives muscle development in the roundworm C. elegans, and make a strong argument for an evolutionarily conserved program of myogenesis in all animals. view more (2006-12-07)
New understanding of Ewing's sarcoma suggests novel treatment strategy
Using molecular and cell-based models, researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have refined the picture of how a cancer-promoting protein associated with Ewing's sarcoma functions. view more (2006-06-01)
Researchers map infectious hepatitis B virus
Using electron cryomicroscopy and computer image analysis, the scientists visualized two intermediate forms of the virus that exist within infected cells. In addition, they were able to determine a three-dimensional map by analysis of infectious hepatitis B virus isolated from patient blood samples. view more (2006-06-26)
Clue found to Epstein-Barr virus' ability to form and sustain tumors
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH) have found a viral target that opens the door for the development of drugs to destroy tumors caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). view more (2006-09-06)
MicroRNA may have fail-safe role in limb development
A tiny strand of molecules plays a role in how our arms and legs develop and grow-a finding that sheds light on perplexing bits of material once dismissed as genetic "junk," say scientists at the University of Florida and Harvard University. view more (2005-12-02)
Master genetic switch found for chronic pain
In experiments with mice, researchers have found that eliminating what appears to be a master genetic switch for the development of pain-sensing neurons knocks out the animals' response to "neuropathic pain." view more (2006-01-26)
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