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Overfishing great sharks wiped out North Carolina bay scallop fishery
Fewer big sharks in the oceans led to the destruction of North Carolina's bay scallop fishery and inhibits the recovery of depressed scallop, oyster and clam populations along the U.S. Atlantic Coast, according to an article in the March 30 issue of the journal Science.   view more (2007-03-30)

Nanostructures can pose big measurement problems
Materials scientists will tell you that to best understand, characterize and eventually utilize the properties of a specific material, you have to be able to define how the atoms within it are arranged.   view more (2007-04-30)

Dartmouth study contributes to research addressing malnutrition and iron deficiency
Dartmouth biologists are leading a research team that has learned where and how some plant seeds store iron, a valuable discovery for scientists working to improve the iron content of plants.   view more (2006-11-03)

New study shows how genetic repair mechanism helps seal DNA breaks
As the genetic material, DNA is surprisingly reactive and under continuous assault from environmental toxins and reactive cellular metabolites, so a means of repairing DNA damage is essential to maintaining the integrity of our genetic blueprint for future generations.   view more (2006-10-23)

Experts from University of Leicester in Beagle 2 project
The University of Leicester Department of Physics and Astronomy has one of the largest space research centres of its kind in Europe. The University was co-founder of the £52million National Space Centre and is one of the principal partners in the Beagle 2 Project. For background information... view more (2003-12-23)

The 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2002 with one half jointly to Raymond Davis Jr Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, and Masatoshi Koshiba International Center for Elementary Particle Physics,... view more (2002-10-08)

Supernova radiation simulated in Virtual Reality
To astrophysicists, the energy-charged x-ray radiation on the fringes of a supernova explosion has long been enigmatic. It hasn't been possible to explain how the electrons are able to accelerate to nearly the speed of light. Now scientists in England and in Linköping, Sweden, have hit upon a... view more (2001-12-20)

Physicists describe strange new fluid-like state of matter
University of Chicago physicists have created a novel state of matter using nothing more than a container of loosely packed sand and a falling marble. They have found that the impacting marble produces a jet of sand grains that briefly behaves like a special type of dense fluid.   view more (2005-12-06)

Nevada Terawatt Facility makes important advancement in unraveling mysteries of fusion energy
Unraveling one of most grandiose and heady problems in physics - the creation of controlled fusion energy - is still decades away.   view more (2006-10-26)

Hotter than expected neutron star surfaces help explain superburst frequency
A new theoretical thermometer built from heavy-duty mathematics and computer code suggests that the surfaces of certain neutron stars run significantly hotter than previously expected. Hot enough, in fact, to at least partially answer an open question in astrophysics — how to explain the... view more (2007-04-16)

New Evidence Links Stellar Remains to Oldest Recorded Supernova
The new study shows that the supernova remnant RCW 86 is much younger than previously thought. As such, the formation of the remnant appears to coincide with a supernova observed by Chinese astronomers in 185 A.D. The study used data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the European Space... view more (2007-01-05)

Robotic telescope unravels mystery of cosmic blasts
Scientists have used the world's largest robotic telescope to make the earliest-ever measurement of the optical polarisation* of a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) just 203 seconds after the start of the cosmic explosion. This finding, which provides new insight into GRB physics, is published in Science today... view more (2007-03-19)

Catching the wave — Researchers measure very short laser pulses
Scientists have perfected a technique for very accurately measuring and controlling the electromagnetic waves within some of the shortest laser pulses ever made, says new research published today.   view more (2006-12-04)

Screening chest x-ray detects early-stage lung cancers at high rates, study results show
Almost half of lung cancers detected by a chest x-ray were early-stage cancers, according to baseline results of a large, randomized clinical trial that is testing the efficacy of a chest x-ray as a screening test for lung cancer.   view more (2005-12-21)

Researchers probe enzyme that may lead to new SARS drugs
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago and two other institutions have unraveled the structure of an important new drug target from the virus that causes SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.   view more (2006-04-05)

Integral ready for launch
ESA's Integral has been given the green light and is all set for launch from Baikonur in Kazakhstan in the early hours of tomorrow morning. More than 34 simulations for a total of 300 hours have been carried out at ESOC, ESA's European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. ESOC is... view more (2002-10-16)

ESA Looks Further Back In Time
Europe's X- ray Multi Mirror (XMM) space telescope goes on show for the first time on Tuesday 10 February 1998. When it is launched in 1999 into an orbit 70,000 miles above the earth, XMM will search for cosmic x-rays from the intensely hot areas of our galaxy and beyond. Sources of these x-rays... view more (1998-02-09)

Plant studies reveal how, where seeds store iron
Biologists have learned where and how some plant seeds store iron, a valuable discovery for scientists working to improve the iron content of plants. Their research helps address the worldwide problem of iron deficiency and malnutrition in humans.   view more (2006-11-03)

Flares illuminate the secret life of a quiescent black hole
Astronomers probing the intimate details of apparently quiescent stellar black holes have discovered that in reality they are dynamic, lively places, subject to flares that briefly illuminate the whole of the gas disc around the black hole. Their observations are helping to build up a picture of... view more (2002-04-04)

Possible Origin of Cosmic Rays Revealed with Gamma Rays
An international team of astronomers (including the UK) has produced the first ever image of an astronomical object using high energy gamma rays, helping to solve a 100 year old mystery - an origin of cosmic rays. Their research, published in the Journal Nature on November 4th, was carried out... view more (2004-11-02)

Why Nanolayers Buckle when Microbeams Bend
High-strength, ultra-light and elastic carbon materials are commonly used in high-performance sports goods and modern aerospace technology-for example in tennis rackets, racing tyres, heat shields and even guitars.   view more (2005-12-16)

Young supernova remnants not dusty enough, according to UC Berkeley astronomers
One of the youngest supernova remnants known, a glowing red ball of dust created by the explosion 1,000 years ago of a supermassive star in a nearby galaxy, the Small Magellanic Cloud, exhibits the same problem as exploding stars in our own galaxy: too little dust.   view more (2006-06-07)

Overfishing large sharks impacts entire marine ecosystem, shrinks shellfish supply
Fewer big sharks in the oceans mean that bay scallops and other shellfish may be harder to find at the market, according to an article in the March 30 issue of the journal Science, tying two unlikely links in the food web to the same fate.   view more (2007-03-30)

New X-ray Delivery Method Could Improve Radiation Therapy
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and colleagues at Stony Brook University, the IRCCS NEUROMED Medical Center in Italy, and Georgetown University say improvements they have made to an experimental form of radiation therapy that has been under... view more (2006-06-12)

Astronomers find puzzling dwarf star with complex magnetic fields
Typically, little M-dwarf stars-the most common type of star in the galaxy-are cold, quiet, and dim. Now a team of astronomers led by Edo Berger, a Carnegie-Princeton postdoctoral fellow, found one M-dwarf that doesn't conform.   view more (2007-12-06)
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