Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers developed a metric to quantify the impact of social determinants on disease transmission, finding that even low-risk populations can be vulnerable to outbreaks due to social factors. The study highlights the need for equitable resource distribution in infectious disease control, benefiting everyone in the process.
Research from Hokkaido University suggests that the immune system's response during the first 24 hours after infection can determine survival, with a critical 'checkpoint' identified. This early immune response triggers key cells and signaling proteins that can inform future treatments for severe viral diseases.
Researchers found that healthier superficial white matter is associated with stronger language skills, and that gray matter atrophy measures remain the strongest predictors of cognition. However, the relationship between gray matter and cognitive performance depends on superficial white matter health.
A new trial will assess whether Semaglutide reduces alcohol consumption in people with alcohol use disorder, obesity, and liver disease. The four-year CURB project aims to explore the potential benefits of the weight loss drug in treating alcohol-related liver disease and obesity.
A large-scale Curtin University study found that 21.4% of children who experienced parental loss had a diagnosable mental disorder, compared to 10.8% of children who had not experienced parental loss. The study also found that losing a parent to death had the strongest impact on children's mental health.
KAIST researchers develop a new 'oxygen tunnel' structure to stabilize oxygen vacancies in oxide semiconductors, achieving world-class current density and data retention time. The technology is expected to improve next-generation compute-in-memory systems and accelerate AI era advancements.
Researchers create unified framework to explain MYC gene's role in cancer, identifying potential therapeutic targets. The MYC gene is a master regulator controlling cell growth, division, and metabolism, and is frequently altered in human cancer. A new study identifies PVT1 as a key regulatory hub for MYC activity, encoding two novel p...
The UCSF Industry Documents Library has made public nearly 700 internal documents from Fleet Farm, a Midwest retailer accused of ignoring an internal warning before selling firearms to a straw buyer. The documents, part of a lawsuit alleging negligence, provide a new resource for researchers, policymakers, and the public to understand ...
AI agents, such as ERA and The AI Scientist, are increasingly taking autonomous actions, expanding scientific discovery. However, serious limitations, including hallucinated citations and outputs that are difficult to reproduce, highlight the need for human oversight and responsible development.
Global mangrove cover has increased by 47,720 hectares worldwide between 1985 and 2025, according to new analysis, but some key regions, such as Indonesia, have lost significant mangrove cover, highlighting uneven progress in mangrove ecosystem changes.
A shocking majority of exhibitors at the UK's biggest school food event supply foods high in fat, sugar, or salt, contradicting the government's plans to introduce updated school food standards. The findings raise concerns over the perpetuation of unhealthy eating habits in schools.
A clinical trial found that giving intravenous iron to patients with anaemia before heart surgery reduces the need for red blood transfusion and results in an extra day at home in the first 90 days after surgery. This treatment also saves approximately 44 units of blood products for every 100 patients treated.
Researchers developed a genetic risk score to analyze risk of type 1 diabetes in patients with MODY, identifying 16% with atypical type 1 diabetes. The score, now adopted as part of NHS testing, provides a diagnosis for patients with negative MODY tests.
Nicotine damages the cardiovascular system by binding to receptors in blood vessel walls, suppressing vasodilators, and triggering vessel constriction. Abstinence is the only risk-free option, and e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn devices pose significant cardiovascular risks.
Researchers developed an AI-driven framework for thermochromic smart windows, achieving ultrahigh simultaneous modulation of near-infrared and longwave infrared emissions. The smart window enables climate-adaptive thermal management without compromising commercial privacy protection.
A Heidelberg research team designs a polymer material that can be disassembled into its individual components without compromising precision, quality, or mechanical stability. The material can be broken down into its molecular building blocks within seconds and can be recovered and reused, enabling a circular manufacturing process.
Researchers at Rice University developed a new way to manufacture diamond composites by mixing diamond grains with cubic boron nitride and cobalt. The composite exhibited an extremely strong structure that could help design tougher materials for extreme conditions, and it transformed into graphite under high-speed collisions.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas have designed a stable and biologically active version of human fibroblast growth factor (FGF), which has potent wound-healing and anti-diabetic properties. The study's findings have the potential to improve tissue repair processes in metabolic diseases like chronic diabetes.
Researchers at MIT developed a new cell-preservation technique using naturally occurring sugars, reducing the need for a chemical preservative. This approach significantly improves the viability and function of CAR-T cells, making them easier to deploy in hospitals.
Researchers developed a hybrid nanoparticle that targets chronic wounds by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and promoting fibroblast migration. The treatment promotes full cell regeneration and near-complete closure of simulated lesions in 72 hours.
A recent study found that TikTok food content prompts hunger and cravings in adolescents, but parents can help them navigate its influence by fostering critical conversations and encouraging family meals. The study suggests parents can provide a protective perspective by questioning influencer claims and promoting healthy social media ...
MIT researchers have overcome a major challenge holding back the real-world deployment of microwave quantum technologies. They developed a scalable platform that generates pairs of highly correlated radio frequency waves at room temperature, enabling secure communications and high-precision radar and sensing.
The US nuclear security enterprise has completed the first production unit of the W76 Mark 4B reentry body, a crucial upgrade to the submarine-launched ballistic missile warhead. This milestone supports US military requirements and ensures the sea-based leg of the nuclear deterrent meets national security objectives.
Researchers have discovered a gene linked to Parkinson's disease may also strengthen the body's ability to fight dangerous infections. The study found that a well-studied mutation in the LRRK2 gene increases the production of reactive oxygen species, making immune cells more effective at eliminating intracellular bacteria.
Scientists discovered a previously missed DNA mutation pattern in colorectal cancer, found in 3 independent datasets of 2616 tumors, suggesting a new mechanism of DNA damage accumulation. The pattern appears relatively late in tumor development and is associated with small insertions and deletions in DNA.
Large language models support medical documentation, summarize knowledge, and assist clinical decision-making, but their adoption outpaces oversight and safety systems. Risks include security, model-inherent, and human-AI interaction risks, as well as structural and ethical challenges.
Researchers at the University of Utah have developed a new method of 3D printing that creates shapes with voids using a nanoscale 'mask' that diffracts laser light. The process takes as little as 7.5 seconds, a significant improvement over traditional laser-based printing methods.
Researchers will investigate how mutation rates evolve across species, with potential insights into cancer progression and antibiotic resistance. The study aims to understand how reproductive modes alter mutation rates, which could inform broader understanding of evolution and adaptation.
Researchers discovered HSV-1 rapidly rewires cellular metabolism, boosting energy production in infected neurons, but also leading to signs of stress, impaired mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. The study suggests lactate may help neurons adapt to viral infection, but this adaptation may come at a cost.
A new viewpoint article in BioScience suggests using multiple working hypotheses and strong inference to break the logjam in the COVID-19 origins debate. The approach, inspired by a 1890 paper, aims to distinguish among competing explanations and improve analytical processes guided by an objective consortium of scientists.
A new study analyzed extinction patterns among tropical forest mammals worldwide, revealing that past extinctions can provide valuable insights into species vulnerability. The research showed that traits like large body size, small brains, and slow reproduction were linked to extinction risk in the past, but these patterns are not cons...
Researchers at TU Graz have introduced oxygen vacancies into lithium titanate, transforming it into a high-performance battery material. The defects activate a previously blocked migration pathway for lithium ions, enhancing ion transport and conductivity.
Researchers analyzed data from over 9,300 cases of diarrhea in Africa, finding that climate change affects disease risk, but factors like vaccination and access to transportation can reduce impact. Climate drivers vary by pathogen and location, with temperature being key in Kenya and rainfall in Mali and The Gambia.
Researchers analyzed 27,000 ancient seafloor samples and found a consistent pattern of manganese enrichment in sediments from high latitudes, indicating polar oceans remained oxygen-rich. This suggests that oxygen availability drove the observed differences in ocean conditions during ancient ice ages.
A new statewide study found nearly 1 in 5 beginning teachers previously worked as teaching assistants, performing equally well and being more likely to remain in the profession. Former TAs are more likely to be teachers of color and hold special education licenses, addressing persistent shortages.
A nationwide study found that people living within 500 feet of dry cleaners had a 14% greater risk of developing Parkinson's disease compared to those living further away. The study, led by Barrow Neurological Institute, highlights the potential role of environmental exposures in disease development.
A team at the SETI Institute is developing a new method to identify resources in space using Raman spectroscopy, aiming to answer key questions such as what is there, how much is there, and where can it be found. This approach could potentially reduce costs and risks associated with space exploration and resource extraction.
The AI model, developed by Mayo Clinic researchers, can identify patients with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction from routine ultrasound videos without relying on specialized Doppler imaging. This technology could help clinicians flag patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who may need additional testing, particularly in se...
Scripps Research scientist Tiantian Liu has received a $2.76 million NIAID New Innovators Award to study immune cell biology and develop new therapies that harness T cell responses. Her research aims to advance fundamental knowledge of how immune cells activate T cells to combat infectious diseases.
A new review reveals that biochar can act as an electron bridge, tripling electron transfer capacity in ammonia-removing microbes and boosting wastewater treatment efficiency. Biochar production can be tuned to enhance electron transfer, and emerging technologies may further reduce energy footprint.
Researchers found that tumors can damage peripheral nerves before chemotherapy begins, leading to potential nerve damage and chronic pain. The study challenges the conventional thought that peripheral neuropathy is mostly due to chemotherapy treatment.
A new study found that bladder infections after brain injury worsen cognitive problems, with post-injury UTIs altering brain immune cells. This research suggests that bladder infections may exacerbate TBI outcomes, highlighting the need for infection prevention strategies to improve long-term recovery.
Researchers found that adding a metabolite of vitamin B2 to bacteria in lung tumors increases the expression of a protein on immune cells, activating them to attack cancer. This discovery opens a new field of immunotherapy, targeting a previously underutilized immune cell type.
Researchers uncover ancient energy-sensing signaling cascade in marine oysters that sheds light on human lung adenocarcinoma. The KAT2/HDACIIa–PGK–ALDO axis promotes glycolytic flux to ensure cell survival under energy stress.
A study from Texas A&M University researchers reveals that too much RNA can starve cells of energy, damaging mitochondria and impairing cellular function. This discovery has implications for understanding viral infections, aging-related diseases, and RNA-based therapeutics.
Researchers surveyed participants from six countries and found a consistent pattern in how people perceive children's mental development, dividing it into two dimensions: experiential and perceptual, and reflective and evaluative. This framework aligns with the nature-nurture debate, suggesting a universal view of human mind development.
New research reveals that blue mussels reduce filtration activity in response to parasite detection, with potential consequences for ecosystem function. The 'ecology of fear' concept shows that the mere risk of infection can cause mussels to change behavior, making it harder for parasites to infect them.
Researchers from Hokkaido University have developed a new method to predict metal-binding sites in proteins, overcoming the long-standing challenge. The method, called PRIME, uses a deep-learning approach and achieves high accuracy and speed, making it possible to analyze whole organisms or large protein databases.
A team from NUS developed an atom-thin film of amorphous carbon with a low k-value, addressing the interconnect bottleneck in microchips. The film withstood strong electric fields and prevented copper ions from passing through, paving the way for wider copper lines and faster data transfer.
A new technology developed by TAU's Sagol Center for Regenerative Medicine is approaching its first implantation in a person with paralysis following spinal cord injury. The implant, produced from the patient's own cells and tissues, aims to restore ability to stand, walk, and regain independence.
A research team at Pohang University of Science and Technology developed technologies for producing sharp full-color images using metalenses, addressing two major challenges: high optical performance and scalable manufacturing. The team solved the issue of achromatic performance by controlling the height of nanoscale pillars, enabling ...
A study by the University of Konstanz found that AI agents can reach consensus with up to 1,000 individual agents, following a mathematical law similar to magnets. However, this can lead to individual values being disregarded as the majority opinion prevails.
A team of scientists used predictive AI to investigate the mechanism behind 'subjective color' - the phenomenon where people perceive colors in black-and-white patterns. The study suggests that learning the association between motion and color may enable colors to emerge from black-and-white stimuli.
A large Danish study reveals that women with endometriosis use more anxiety and depression medication before and after diagnosis, with differences persisting even after diagnosis. The study suggests that prolonged pain, uncertainty, and fertility problems may contribute to the mental strain, but an earlier diagnosis may not alleviate it.
A German research team has successfully generated stable laser pulses in the femtosecond range, allowing for the manipulation of individual electrons. The team's achievement enables the stability of the electric field oscillations across a wide range of timescales, from microseconds to hours.
Researchers at Science Tokyo have developed anthracene-based self-assembling nanofibers that enable excitons to migrate hundreds of nanometers, doubling exciton diffusivity. This breakthrough overcomes the limited diffusivity of singlet excitons in organic semiconductors, offering a new strategy for improving optoelectronic technologies.
A new study by North Carolina State University finds that foreign tariffs made US whiskey cheaper in most states, with prices decreasing by an average of 10.3% nationwide. However, in Kentucky and Tennessee, where local whiskey production is concentrated, prices actually rose due to strong consumer demand for locally-made products.
A study led by German Cancer Research Center researchers found that the WNT signaling pathway helps cancer cells suppress the immune system, promoting the development of malignant tumors. Restoration of CCL20 production slowed tumor growth in experimental models.
Researchers have developed an artificial protein-foldamer pair that can be used to combine proteins and synthetic molecules with high structural precision. The new building block can be used to create complex nanostructures, including ring-shaped architectures and one-dimensional networks.
The study examines the relationship between human development and environmental factors in 22 Arab countries. It highlights the need to balance socioeconomic and environmental factors, particularly for GCC countries with high HDI scores but significant environmental footprints.
Children's sense of fairness becomes increasingly sophisticated as they get older, and they expect rules to be applied impartially and equally to every group member. A fair punishment brings emotional relief to children, whereas unequal treatment provokes strong resistance and undermines their sense of justice.
Scientists are developing a new microscopy system that can image entire well plates in under a minute, without scanning. This platform, based on Fourier-ptychographic microscopy, aims to speed up AI-based phenotypic screening by over 1,000 times, revolutionizing drug discovery and large-scale biological experiments.
A new online CBT therapy approach has been shown to effectively treat depression, with patients reporting significant symptom reductions and improved function. The therapy, which combines therapist-led sessions with online materials, was found to be particularly beneficial for those with barriers to accessing traditional in-person appo...
A machine learning pipeline developed by LMU researchers reveals notable imbalances in global health aid allocation, with non-communicable diseases receiving only 2.5% of disease-specific aid funding despite making up 60% of the global disease burden. The study's findings suggest that health aid is being directed to the wrong areas, an...
High-resolution sediment samples off the coast of Brazil show that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation was more dynamic than previously thought during the Heinrich Event. The circulation was strengthened in two periods, impacting tropical precipitation patterns and carbon storage in the ocean.
Researchers at UTA are studying how harmful bacteria become resistant to antibiotics and interacting with the body during infection. Understanding these interactions could lead to improved treatments and better protection against dangerous infections.
A complete water lily genome has been assembled, revealing how ancient plants coordinate leaf resilience and seed germination across changing water conditions. The study uncovered a compact genome, seven major developmental programs, and two regulatory models that help plants adapt to environmental stress.
The new reference sequence for rye provides access to previously unresolved regions of the genome, revealing details of centromeres and mobile DNA elements. This breakthrough enhances breeding for traits such as disease resistance and stress tolerance.
A lawsuit filed by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine alleges that the government ignored scientific recommendations from independent nutrition experts and instead followed the recommendations of a
Research from the University of Birmingham and other institutions found that interacting with AI-powered customer service robots can reinforce or alter a consumer's self-perception. The study explores how mirroring and mimicry can lead to a 'robotoid humanness' where consumers become more like robots, raising ethical concerns.
A new research study by Trinity College Dublin and University of Bern found that colonial exploitation of biodiversity in rich countries created poverty legacies that persist today. The study assessed datasets from 168 countries and found that regions targeted by colonial powers were generally the richest in biodiversity. This has cont...
Researchers found that exposure to PM2.5 worsens periodontal disease by exacerbating inflammation and intensifying alveolar bone loss. The oral mucosa also shows significant changes, including thickening of the tissue lining the tongue and increased keratin deposition.
Phages orchestrate an explosion of protein modifications inside host cells to evade bacterial immune systems. The T7 kinase enzyme triggers massive phosphorylation, disabling bacterial defenses. This discovery could lead to novel bioengineering approaches for phage therapies.
Researchers have discovered how bacterial antibiotic gladiolin can disarm Candida albicans, one of the leading causes of life-threatening fungal infections. The study reveals that gladiolin can switch Candida albicans from its tissue-damaging 'hyphae' form back into its benign 'yeast' form, potentially allowing lower, less toxic doses ...
A new study reveals that Antarctica's recent snowfall surge was caused by climate variability, not a long-term trend. The surge added mass to East Antarctica, but mass loss continued in West Antarctica, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and research.
A meta-analysis of 204 studies reveals that verbal and nonverbal communication styles have a stronger impact on first impressions than resume content. People form an overall positive or negative impression, influencing later interpretations of individual traits.
A prospective study of 10,460 higher-education students in Norway found that regular exercise reduces the risk of depression and anxiety. The study suggests that consistent engagement in exercise, rather than intensity or duration, may be particularly important for curbing anxiety and depression among young adults.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory used machine learning concepts to study the immune system's learning process, finding that the system achieves negative selection through generalization. This process allows for the correct deletion of self-reactive T cells despite encountering only a small fraction of the body's self-peptides.
UK zoos have a bias towards globally non-threatened species, but still contribute to preserving native and priority species, according to a study. The research found that only 9% of captive species are native to Britain and 2% appear on conservation priority lists.
Researchers studied Qurayyah Painted Ware ceramics, 3200-yr-old, with black-and-red geometric designs, and found that they may have been used to create a unique identity, or 'brand', for pottery producers in ancient Arabia. The study also explored how these designs were transformed and diffused across different regions.
A scoping review reveals the significant impact of digital technologies on gender-based violence in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among women and girls. The study highlights the need for urgent action to address this emerging issue.
After wildfires near the California Coast, human and animal fecal bacteria from urban and wildland areas have been found in coastal waters. This has been confirmed through a twenty-year investigation, highlighting the impact of wildfires on coastal ecosystems.
A scoping review found that wildfires in regions with mining, agricultural, or urbanized areas often lead to arsenic contamination in drinking water. The study highlights the need for monitoring and mitigation strategies to protect water resources.
A new analysis found that only 3 out of 1,357 AI medical devices authorized by the US FDA were tested on patient outcomes, while most were only evaluated on substantial equivalence to existing devices. The study suggests that existing policies for AI device authorization should be redesigned to prioritize clinical effectiveness.
Scientists at King's College London discovered that urolithin A improves heart function, reduces scarring and prevents harmful enlargement of the heart in a type of heart failure. The compound has already been evaluated in human studies and shows a favorable safety profile, offering a promising new treatment target.
Researchers from the University of Vienna discovered that ancient Arabian oases created distinctive pottery brands 3,200 years ago, with production continuing for over a thousand years. The study sheds light on the resourcefulness and inventiveness of ancient communities, who participated in wider networks of technological know-how.
A study in Germany found that nearly half of individuals with intellectual disabilities suffer from untreated hearing loss, highlighting the need for better screening and treatment. The study, part of the HörGeist project, revealed that 70% of cases were previously undiagnosed.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered an overlooked physical process that significantly impacts sweat's cooling effect in hot, dry environments. The study found that temperature and humidity can create an opposing upward flow near the skin, canceling out airflow and increasing body heat storage.
Researchers found that certain tree species, such as weeping willow and Chinese white poplar, emit high levels of isoprene, a key contributor to ozone formation. By selecting low-emitting tree species, cities can reduce isoprene emissions and mitigate ozone formation, particularly during heatwaves.
A team of University of Wisconsin–Madison researchers has developed an implantable, battery-free pacemaker that's charged by a patient's heartbeat. The device has the potential to last an entire lifetime, reducing the risks and costs associated with replacing the devices when their batteries fail.
A team of researchers at Columbia University has developed a multi-organ chip that mimics the process of cancer cells spreading to other organs, a critical phase of metastasis. The chip allows scientists to investigate cancer cell-tissue interactions in detail, revealing molecular pathways and therapeutic targets for metastasis.
A new study led by ISGlobal reveals that Atlantic climate variability can predict leishmaniasis outbreaks in North Africa by analyzing rainfall patterns and their impact on vegetation and rodent populations. This enables the development of a seasonal forecasting system with up to one year's lead time.
Researchers find that dark stars could be the origin of the first supermassive black holes, producing a dominant contribution to the observed gravitational-wave background. The study uses pulsar timing arrays to probe the early Universe and constrain the abundance of ancient black hole seeds.
Researchers investigated 2.5 million births in Taiwan and found no association between valproate use by fathers and neurodevelopmental disorders or malformations in children. The study's results challenge previous warnings and suggest more research is needed.
A new study by Boston University researchers suggests that plant species can accurately predict tidal marsh methane emissions, providing a practical method for estimating emissions across tidal marshes. The study found that plant species explained 62% of methane emissions variability, outperforming previous proxies like salinity.
Chronic wounds impact 450,000 Australians annually, requiring ongoing care and treatment. Family caregivers struggle to make decisions in uncertain situations, often with limited support. Digital tools are increasing, but decision-making support is lacking, putting immense pressure on caregivers.
Clínica Ruiz / Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna has become the first program accredited through the FACT-JACIE Accreditation Program in Latin America for hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy. The accreditation recognizes 33 years of experience in HCT conducted in unique circumstances, including in a middle-in...
A study published in PNAS found that the number of AI agents in a group affects their collective decisions, sometimes amplifying existing biases or even inventing new ones. As the group size increases, the agents' preferences become more predictable, but the point at which this happens varies depending on the model and task.
A new study led by the University of Cambridge reveals that not all magic states are equal, with some offering no quantum advantage, while others are genuinely useful for quantum computation. The research provides a clearer picture of what makes quantum computers powerful, helping to establish a threshold for true quantum advantage.
Researchers developed high-efficiency and stable deep-blue OLEDs using iridium phosphorescent complexes with enhanced charge transfer dynamics. The devices achieved maximum external quantum efficiencies of up to 29.0% and demonstrated operational stability, paving the way for next-generation microdisplay and display technologies.
The team created a tile that captures, holds, and slowly evaporates water, cooling surfaces without fans or compressors. The tile's unique design, inspired by African elephant skin, allows it to maintain a stable temperature of 89.6° Fahrenheit under infrared heating and periodic watering.
Researchers used eDNA metabarcoding to study fish biodiversity in heavily damaged mountainous cascade dammed rivers. The study found 97 fish species, including 14 IUCN threatened taxa, with seasonal differences in species detection rates and community composition.
Researchers at Hiroshima University found that changing the carbon source for bacterial fermentation produces high-value biomaterials with promising biomedical and industrial applications. The study shows that sugarcane molasses produces EPSs with superior antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a new delivery vehicle for circular RNA (cirRNA) using a novel lipid nanoparticle, FL0445-LNP, which improves the stability and efficacy of mRNA-based therapeutics. The technology has potential applications in cancer vaccines, genome editing, and protein supplements.
Researchers identified 13 branched-chain fatty acids in cat urine that remain stable within individuals and among related cats. These compounds, stored in kidney lipid droplets, may help cats maintain a stable chemical
Researchers from the University of Osaka have found a rare type of immune cell that expands in supercentenarians, potentially helping protect against cancer and other age-related threats. The cells, known as CD4 CTLs, have been shown to be highly active and may help the body cope with persistent threats that increase with age.
Astronomers have discovered the fastest star in the Milky Way, S301, orbiting the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* at a speed of 25,000 km/s. The star's tight orbit takes just 8.7 years to complete and approaches the black hole at a mere 12 times the distance of Earth to the Sun.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that gut bacteria convert dietary nitrate and iron into protective molecules, such as dinitrosyl iron complexes, which may improve cardiovascular and metabolic health markers. These findings suggest a previously unknown mechanism by which a specific diet and gut bacteria can promote health.
A study by University of Basel researchers found specific brainstem neurons that become activated during prolonged wakefulness and promote sleep drive. These neurons, including GABAergic and serotonergic neurons, increase sleep pressure and ensure prolonged wakefulness is followed by deeper and longer recovery sleep.
A study found that supercentenarians, people who live to 110 and beyond, have a higher proportion of cancer-killing immune cells called CD4 CTLs. This expansion may help the immune system adapt to age-related challenges, contributing to exceptional longevity.
Researchers have discovered lymph node-like structures in the skull bone marrow of mice that act as rapid first responders against brain cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery offers a new way to fight brain cancer and other neurological diseases.
A team of researchers at Harvard University sustained brain organoids for nearly six years, demonstrating a lifelike developmental clock. The organoids showed emergence and maturation of neurons, as well as functional maturity, mirroring human brain development.
Researchers analyzed ice cores from the Andes in Peru, revealing a 2,000-year-old record of global methane evolution. The findings support the hypothesis that tropical methane emissions dominated the Earth during the pre-industrial period, with human-driven agricultural and industrial emissions contributing to increases in later periods.
A large-scale study on Oregon psilocybin services found sustained benefits for anxiety, depression, and PTSD, with few adverse events. Participants reported lasting improvements in mental health and wellness, and the study provides valuable insights for policymakers considering expanded access to psychedelics for mental health conditions.
Researchers discovered that psilocybin reorganizes brain patterns, revealing hidden order, with stronger reorganisation linked to positive psychological changes. The study's findings have implications for developing therapies to improve clarity and psychological flexibility.
A recent study published in Nature found that Antarctica's brief rebound in 2021-2023 was caused by climate variability, not a new normal. The researchers linked the extra precipitation to the tropical warm pool, a warm patch of ocean in the western Pacific and eastern Indian oceans, which made an outsized contribution to extreme weath...
Mount Sinai scientists reveal how the brain represents leader and follower roles through prefrontal cortex activity, and create an AI that decodes hidden goals behind teamwork. The study shows that leadership is an asymmetric yet bidirectional partnership, and that followers play a crucial role in maintaining cooperation.
A randomized clinical trial found that daily zinc supplementation at 20 mg reduced all-cause infections in children with sickle cell anemia over 6 months compared to placebo. No adverse events were observed in the study, suggesting zinc supplementation may be a useful preventive measure for these children.
A randomized clinical trial found that preoperative high-dose corticosteroids did not improve major postoperative outcomes in elective digestive cancer surgery. The study suggests that routine use of high-dose corticosteroids in this setting is not justified
This study of 186,823 US adults reveals an increasing prevalence of moderate-to-severe cannabis use disorder among males and females between 2021 and 2024, while moderate-to-severe alcohol use disorder prevalence remained stable. The findings highlight significant age and sex disparities in cannabis and alcohol use disorders.
A cohort study of pregnant females with opioid use disorder found higher discontinuation rates for Black females compared to White females, with less disparity for methadone treatment. Persistent racial and ethnic inequities in treatment retention were observed during and after pregnancy.
A multisite cohort study of 346 adults receiving psilocybin services in Oregon found significant improvements in depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms, as well as enhanced well-being and life satisfaction. The study suggests that Oregon's regulated psilocybin services are generally safe and effective for mental health treatment
Researchers have developed an approach to quantify the errors in quantum simulators, allowing for more accurate calculations and enabling the study of complex many-particle systems. The new method was tested on a system of ten ions and then applied to a chain of 51 ions, demonstrating its effectiveness for larger systems.
Professors Etienne Cavalier and Roland Chapurlat assume leadership as Co-Editors-in-Chief, bringing complementary expertise in laboratory science, translational research, and clinical investigation. They aim to build on the journal's strong foundations and further enhance its role in musculoskeletal research.
Researchers at Murdoch Children's Research Institute have made a breakthrough in gene therapy, restoring heart function in lab-grown patient heart tissue and mouse models with genetic heart disease. The therapy may also correct other genetic heart diseases, including those caused by the MYH7 gene and TTN truncating variants.
A new Review explores whether a single class of molecules can inhibit both necroptosis and ferroptosis, two interconnected forms of regulated cell death. The concept of 'NecroFerrins' describes molecules with dual inhibitory activity against these pathways, potentially providing a broader approach to regulating pathological cell death.
A review highlights how reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence multiple inflammatory pathways, including NF-κB, Nrf2, HIF-1, and the NLRP3 inflammasome, and how their effects depend on biological context. ROS not only cause damage but also act as signaling molecules under physiological conditions.
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has developed a new framework for early detection of wildfires with real-time modeling, synthesizing various datasets and remote sensing capabilities. This tool helps emergency officials make life-saving decisions about wildfire prevention and mitigation.
Researchers uncover hidden populations of aggressive cancer cells in children with non-high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma, revealing gene expression patterns similar to high-risk tumours. The study identifies rare genetic changes affecting cellular pathways, suggesting multiple genetic routes leading to aggressive tumours.
A systematic review of 35 studies involving 2,108 patients found that patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion with posterior column osteotomies had similar overall correction compared to those who underwent PSF without PCOs. PCOs may be useful in select patients with larger or stiffer curves.
Hiroshima University researchers demonstrate that food processing liquid waste can be reused to produce omega-3 fatty acids by cultivating Aurantiochytrium sp. The study shows that three types of pickle seasoning waste can be utilized by the thraustochytrid to produce DHA and EPA. Reusing the waste medium also produces DHA and EPA, but...
A team of 12 organizations, backed by a NOAA grant, worked together to collect eggs and sperm, fertilize embryos, and cryopreserve sperm to preserve genetic diversity. The effort resulted in over 1.5 million coral embryos, with 61,000 elkhorn larvae and 47,000 staghorn larvae produced.
Wiley launches its first Spectral Analysis API portfolio, extending its gold-standard spectral data and analytical intelligence into modern API-driven environments. This enables labs and platforms to integrate high-quality spectral intelligence directly into their workflows, reducing manual effort and increasing analysis speed.
A new study reveals that using cannabis in multiple forms may signal a higher risk of heavy use and addiction. About 1 in 7 cannabis users, who also use cannabis in nearly every form, are more likely to experience daily use and addiction.
The global burden of chronic kidney disease in women has grown, with 359 million cases in 2021, driving increasing mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years. Postmenopausal women and women of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable to metabolic and behavioral drivers that can be modified to reduce risk.
Researchers found that hemp-derived cannabinoid brands emphasize lifestyle and recreational marketing, with minimal attention to safety warnings, on social media platforms. The study highlights gaps in platform policies and enforcement, calling for clearer standards addressing youth-oriented features and misleading health claims.
Members of Parliament from the UK's three biggest parties overestimated public resistance to climate change policies by a significant margin. Researchers found that politicians consistently overestimated public opposition to climate policies, believing voters and other parliamentarians felt more strongly opposed than they actually did....
Researchers propose 'Thermal Justice' framework to address heat-related inequalities, combining emergency measures with structural changes. The framework prioritizes exposed residents, accessible cooling, and worker protection during heatwaves, while retrofitting housing and expanding green infrastructure between heatwaves.
Aging reprograms skin genetic activity by increasing inflammatory gene expression in the epidermis, leading to a loss of skin function. This mechanism is mediated by the collaboration of two proteins, BMAL1 and YAP, which normally maintain skin homeostasis.
A new study found that 2.5% of intoxicating hemp posts on Instagram carry health warnings, despite the majority using youth-oriented marketing tactics. Researchers analyzed 837 posts from nine brands and highlighted the need for stricter regulations to protect young audiences.
A global study suggests that traumatic brain injury causes vary widely worldwide, with motor vehicle crashes being the biggest single cause globally. The study found that causes of traumatic brain injury differ by country, with high rates of ground-level falls among older adults in wealthier countries.
A large genetic study of anorexia nervosa and binge-eating behaviour has identified six areas in the genome associated with binge eating and eight loci associated with anorexia nervosa. The study also found that genetic associations with binge eating and anorexia nervosa have similar positive correlations with psychiatric disorders, bu...
Researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo and Kyoto University created hierarchical DNA networks using DNA polymerase and kinesin nanomachines. The study demonstrates the importance of active molecular motion in network formation, a step toward materials that assemble and organize themselves like living systems.
The climate impact taxonomy provides a shared framework linking measurable climate changes with risks and adaptation options, helping policymakers and practitioners make informed decisions. The taxonomy identifies key patterns, including regional scales and the need for both mitigation and adaptation.
Professor Rizzoli brings extensive editorial experience to the role, along with a longstanding commitment to scientific excellence. He will work closely with the US Editor-in-Chief to advance scientific knowledge, inform clinical practice, and improve musculoskeletal health worldwide.
A new study estimates that decommissioning subsea oil and gas pipelines could release 4.5 to 500 tonnes of microplastics into the North Sea each year. The research highlights the potential environmental risks of legacy plastics and recommends integrating environmental consequences into decommissioning decision-making.
Research in Economic Inquiry reveals evidence of in-group bias in the judiciary, with sharing a law school with the presiding judge increasing a plaintiff's attorney's chance of winning damages by 2 percentage points. The effect is strongest when the judge is at least 10 years older than the lawyer, suggesting an age-dependent factor.
A study analyzing US women's data found a significant association between high antioxidant intake and lower cervical cancer prevalence. The researchers discovered a linear inverse association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and cervical cancer, suggesting potential prevention benefits.
A study of 6,905 US adults aged 65 or older found that higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with lower mortality risk, while higher waist circumference was linked to higher mortality risk. Considering both BMI and waist circumference together may improve mortality risk assessment and support informed clinical decision-making.
The Oxford Smith School and Bank of America will examine how energy storage and next-generation fuels can reshape global energy markets and strengthen UK energy resilience. The research will also identify where bottlenecks may emerge, which technologies have the greatest commercial potential, and where investment could deliver the grea...
A randomized clinical trial found that pregnant women who followed a strength training program had a 0% incidence of gestational diabetes, compared to 7.3% in the control group. The program also improved quality of life and reduced pregnancy symptoms.
A novel AI model has been developed that can recognize yoga poses with high accuracy, paving the way for more effective digital coaching tools and movement-monitoring applications. The model achieved accuracy levels of over 93% during testing, significantly outperforming previous models.
Researchers create lead-free perovskite-based sensor for ammonia detection, achieving sensitivity at 1 ppm concentrations. The sensor's mechanism involves reversible ammonia intercalation and enhanced electrical conductivity, offering potential for safety monitoring in hydrogen and ammonia energy infrastructure.
A study confirms the 20-item prosopagnosia index questionnaire is an effective screening tool for detecting developmental prosopagnosia, a condition where individuals struggle to recognize familiar faces. The researchers also identified opportunities for refinement to improve the questionnaire's accuracy.
A new roadmap for stroke recovery prioritizes genetic and blood biomarkers to drive precision neuro-rehabilitation and biotherapy. The framework seeks to understand the underlying biology of brain repair after a stroke, with the goal of developing effective biotherapeutics.
Researchers used GPT-4 to arrange 99 emotion terms in a spatial layout, revealing a structure related to emotional intensity and arousal. The results showed that GPT-4 produced arrangements similar to those made by humans, with a more detailed analysis detecting variation in arousal.
Researchers from NUS have developed a method to turn waste from aircraft composite materials into aerogels that can be used for thermal insulation, sound absorption, and oil spill clean-up. The aerogels were found to be lightweight, non-toxic, and effective in absorbing sound and oil.
Researchers from Jilin University present a coordination–entropy regulation framework that bridges molecular solvation chemistry and macroscopic electrochemical stability. The framework delivers exceptional wide-temperature electrochemical stability, achieving ultrawide-temperature operation and high ionic conductivity.
Researchers have discovered a wave-interference effect that makes sound energy appear to outrun fundamental limits without breaking physics. This finding could improve whale tracking by pinpointing the location of whales based on the phase of their calls.
Older women in Australia are facing growing risk of hidden homelessness due to climate change, unpaid care work, and financial inequality. The problem is compounded by a lack of affordable housing and inadequate social protections, leaving them exposed to housing insecurity and poverty.
Researchers developed a deep reinforcement learning approach to predict network latency trends, enabling telesurgical systems to anticipate and adapt to changing communication conditions. The model achieved high accuracy in predicting direction and value of future latency changes, providing valuable information for latency mitigation.
Researchers found that fruit trees like apples benefit from rising temperatures due to reduced late-frost damage, while wheat yields decline due to heat stress. The study highlights the importance of pollinators for crop yields and suggests strategies to support pollinators and adapt to climate change.
Researchers examine bacterial persistence from multiple dimensions, highlighting its complex mechanisms and deep interactions with host-pathogen dynamics. Emerging strategies to eliminate persisters, such as phage-derived therapies and metabolic interventions, are also discussed.
Researchers developed a method to inhibit lipid nanoparticle migration into the liver by coating hepatic sinusoidal walls with polyethylene glycol. This coating reduced liver accumulation by several dozen times and increased protein expression in the spleen, promoting safer nanomedicine with lower dosages.
Surzen Biotherapeutics aims to develop effective pain relief without severe side effects by targeting opioid receptor pathways differently. The company plans to use peptides to block dimerization, reducing tolerance and improving efficacy.
Researchers developed a wearable patch that uses room light to treat skin wounds, promoting wound closure and tissue regeneration. The patch, made of a stretchable silicone elastomer, emits red light that activates a photosensitizer, inducing collagen crosslinking and alleviating inflammation.
Research at Kyoto University's gardens revealed seven species of frog and one species of newt, highlighting the importance of culturally managed water features as habitats for urban amphibians. The study's findings emphasize the need to consider these sites as biodiversity hotspots, promoting coexistence with nature.
Researchers used tensor tomography to visualize the nanometre-scale building blocks of narwhal tusks, finding two opposing helices that form an extremely stable structure. The findings challenge previous understanding of composite materials and provide new insights into the function and structure of narwhal tusks.
Nearly 4 million Japanese research outputs have been integrated into OpenAlex, significantly enhancing their global discoverability. This integration is driven by Japan's institutional repositories, such as IRDB, and is supported by high-quality, standardized metadata.
A large-scale study of bereavement among ethnically diverse communities in UK healthcare reveals racism exacerbates grief experience. Bereavement services must adopt an anti-racist stance and adapt to individual needs.
A research team at DGIST developed a low-complexity receiver technology that can perform data communication and detect surrounding objects using a single automotive radar. The technology achieved stable communication performance and improved target range measurement and detection performance.
A KAIST research team has developed a new electrode material that sequentially stores zinc ions and protons, enabling high storage capacity and fast charging/discharging performance. The material achieved 368.7 mAh g⁻¹ storage capacity and retained 46.9% of its capacity even at 16-fold increased charging/discharging rates.
The research team has developed a novel optical control platform, LATeNT, that uses light to block signal transmission between neurons and restore normal signaling. This technology has the potential to be widely applicable to various life science and medical research fields, including brain disorders and regulating insulin secretion.
A large study found that very disturbed or long sleep (9+ hours) at age 50 was associated with a 9-month reduction in workforce participation. Reporting no sleep disturbances was linked to a 13-year 5-month working life expectancy, while severe sleep disturbances were associated with a 12-year 10-month expectancy.
New research suggests that leisure-time exercise, such as walking or sports, is associated with a lower risk of dementia, while physically demanding jobs may increase dementia risk. The study analyzed data from over 4.2 million people and found that household physical activity also appeared beneficial.
Scientists propose a colossal cliff across ancient North America may have exposed Grand Canyon's oldest rocks nearly a billion years before it was carved by the Colorado River. The study suggests the 'great escarpment' of steep rocky cliffs formed when the supercontinent Rodinia broke apart 800 million years ago.
A large Danish study found that children with childhood epilepsy tend to have poorer exam grades and lower educational attainment, with those with early onset or complicated epilepsy being especially disadvantaged. The study highlights the need for assessment and targeted intervention to optimize educational potential.
The global health workforce nearly tripled between 1990 and 2023, with women driving most of the growth, yet remaining concentrated in lower-paying professions. An additional 34.4 million health workers are needed to achieve moderate universal health coverage, with shortages greatest in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.
A landmark study of over 3,400 children found that London's Ultra Low Emission Zone improved lung growth and health, with lung capacity increasing by 10ml per year. The study suggests that clean air zones can benefit child development and should be considered a priority for cities globally.
The NHS 10 Year Health Plan risks patient harm due to a lack of digital safety architecture, warn experts. The plan relies on statutory digital clinical safety standards, but compliance is not routinely monitored or enforced, according to researchers.
Women with multiple long-term conditions face a 20% higher risk of miscarriage and a 69% higher risk of severe nausea and vomiting compared to those with no conditions. The study also found a four times higher risk of anxiety and depression.
A University of East Anglia study shows that health visitor support alongside smoking relapse prevention advice helps women stay smoke-free after childbirth. The study found that 57.6% of women who received the intervention remained smoke-free at 12 months compared to 49.9% in the control group.
Ukraine maintained a self-sufficient blood supply during the Russia-Ukraine War by centralizing operations and expanding donor recruitment. The country's 24-hour blood collection centers and public campaigns with patriotic slogans like “Your blood can fight!” increased donations.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have developed an inexpensive solution to the path-obstruction problem in millimeter wave wireless communications. Their passive reflective tiles, called FlowForm, can nearly double average data rates indoors and double wireless coverage area in challenging environments, matching ...
New Purdue research improves air quality forecasting by understanding how organic aerosol molecules interact and affect evaporation rates. The team discovered that neighboring molecules in aerosol mixtures tend to
A three-year field study found that deeper straw incorporation reduced maize ear rot and mycotoxin contamination while improving soil health and microbial communities. The study suggests that optimizing straw management strategies could turn a familiar practice into a more effective tool for soil health and food safety.
Zebrafish models can help scientists understand contaminant toxicity, but translating these findings to wild species is a major challenge. A new framework, Z-PATH, proposes a four-tiered approach to connect molecular effects with whole-organism performance and population-level consequences.
Research estimates a sevenfold increase in tire-derived 6PPD emissions in China from 2000 to 2020, with soil and rural road networks playing major roles. The study projects that emissions could reach 0.15 million metric tons per year by 2060.
A new UCLA study found that teenage girls who experienced the highest levels of childhood trauma showed the largest gains in social connectedness after participating in a breathwork course combined with social-emotional learning. The program, developed by the International Association for Human Values, increased social connectedness by...
The University of Phoenix has released a white paper detailing its approach to designing, implementing and scaling competency-based education programs for working adult learners. The publication explores the strategies, technologies and continuous improvement processes used to build the University's competency-based education model, wh...
The Innovation Hub provides access to hard-to-find infrastructure for emerging food technologies and future food products. Experts support the development of novel ingredients, sustainable food production technology, and more. The Hub is open to startups, companies, researchers, and nonprofits to accelerate product development.
βIII-tubulin is frequently overexpressed in various cancers and associated with aggressive tumor characteristics and poor therapeutic responses. Targeting βIII-tubulin-associated regulatory networks may provide new strategies to overcome treatment resistance.
Twelve universities competed in the annual Weed Contest, testing their weed science knowledge in six categories, including herbicide identification and team calibration. The University of Arkansas won the contest, and the University of Tennessee Weed Team took top honors in the team calibration event.
Charles W.M. Roberts, a renowned physician-scientist, will lead St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in accelerating progress against childhood cancer and catastrophic diseases. With his expertise in cancer epigenetics and clinical research, Roberts aims to transform outcomes for children worldwide.
A new set of international rules is necessary to protect the health of fishing stocks, according to a study. The current World Trade Organization Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies has shortcomings that need to be addressed, and a range of different rules should be established to complement existing international law.
A new study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that higher fluoride levels in public drinking water during pregnancy may be associated with lower fluid cognition scores in children. The study, supported by the National Institutes of Health, looked at the relationship between prenatal water fluoride exposure and chi...
George Church, a renowned expert in genomics and aging research, will present at the 13th ARDD Meeting in Boston. He will discuss advancements in gene therapy, cellular reprogramming, and other emerging technologies that hold promise for addressing age-related decline.
A new book by Siobhan Somerville explores the history of US naturalization, revealing contradictions between liberal ideals and settler colonialism. The author examines how assumptions about race, sexuality, and Indigeneity have shaped citizenship laws and policies.
Researchers reviewed the impact of circadian disruptions on muscle health, finding that imbalances in protein synthesis, mitochondrial function, and inflammation accelerate muscle deterioration. Circadian-aligned lifestyle interventions and pharmacological therapies, such as REV-ERBα agonists, hold promise for mitigating the effects of...
A study of behavior-related digital dieting apps found that photo-informed expert feedback increased app use and improved meal recording, while photo-based peer observation reduced engagement and did not affect food choices. The findings provide practical guidance for designing effective digital health apps.