Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
A new analysis across 45 years suggests that the disparity in firearm homicide deaths between Black and White Americans has grown, with many thousands of Black lives lost. The study found that Black males faced an eight to nine times higher likelihood of firearm homicide death than White males from 1988 to 2010.
Researchers have discovered a way to enhance awake brain mapping, allowing neurosurgeons to remove more cancerous tissue while minimizing disruptions to patients' quality of life. The new technique uses subtle changes in patient behavior to inform surgical decisions.
A new, daily oral tablet that combines two current HIV treatment medications has shown highly effective control of the HIV virus in a phase 3 clinical trial. Nearly 96% of participants maintained viral control with no new drug resistance reported.
A new daily oral tablet combining bictegravir and lenacapavir (BIC/LEN) was found to be highly effective in maintaining HIV suppression, with nearly 96% of participants who switched to this simplified regimen maintaining viral suppression. The treatment showed similar results compared to complex, multi-pill treatments.
Research finds that humpback whales face a higher risk of getting entangled in fishing equipment during years with lower availability of cool-water habitat. The Habitat Compression Index can predict ocean conditions up to a year in advance, suggesting its potential as an early warning system for fishery management decisions.
A study predicts that climate change will shift suitable habitat for monarch butterflies southwards, disrupting their mass migration. The results show a decline in suitable habitat of between 8% and 40% by 2070, fracturing existing migrating routes.
A study of over 8,000 tropical flowers found that their blooming periods have shifted by an average of two days per decade, with some species flowering up to 17 days earlier or later than they used to. This change could have significant ecological impacts on pollinators and herbivores.
A survey of 1,998 US adolescents aged 10-19 found nearly 1 in 3 have diabetes or prediabetes. Waist-to-height ratio emerged as the strongest independent predictor of these conditions.
A study published in PLOS One found that fetuses who yawned more frequently during pregnancy had a lower birth weight, suggesting mild fetal distress. The research observed healthy fetuses between 23-31 weeks and recorded their yawning behavior using ultrasound.
A new study published in Science Advances has shed light on how the body responds to energy demands from exercise, identifying a crucial cell signaling mechanism that could lead to a new treatment for diabetes. The research focuses on Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK), a regulator of energy production, and reveals...
An online experiment with 1,051 US adults suggests flagging potentially false cancer treatment claims on social media can help reduce the spread of misinformation. The study found that intervening and reducing sharing of false information on social media may have a positive impact on public health.
A new study from Ethiopia reveals that conservation agriculture methods like no-dig, crop-rotation, and mulching can significantly reduce water runoff and soil loss. These eco-friendly techniques have been shown to increase crop yields by as much as 122%.
Researchers have developed a new chemistry-based strategy to localize therapeutic drugs to tumors, reducing harm to healthy tissues. The 'lock-and-key' system uses biorthogonal supramolecular chemistry to release drugs in specific locations, offering a potential path to safer and more precise cancer treatment.
The report highlights the need for an agreed definition of healthy soil, scalable biological indicators, and collaborative transitions to sustainable land management practices. It emphasizes the importance of building trust and aligning diverse priorities among all soil stakeholders.
Scientists investigate how recycled sewage interacts with simulated lunar and Martian regolith to create a suitable medium for crop growth. The experiment reveals that the weathered simulants supply essential plant nutrients, paving the way for sustainable human colonies in outer space.
Researchers discovered that high-dose vitamin B3 can dramatically extend survival in mice with NAXD deficiency, a devastating genetic disease. The study identifies dozens of other genetic conditions potentially responsive to vitamin therapy.
Benzodiazepine use decreased across the US from 2018 to 2022, with the greatest decline among older adults. Nearly half of patients receiving benzodiazepines also took other central nervous system depressants, increasing the risk of adverse effects.
Researchers developed a method to produce durable lactate-based polyester with improved mechanical properties, comparable to traditional polymers. The new process resulted in a high molecular weight and balance of strength and elongation.
MIT neuroscientists have found that two genetic mutations causing Rett syndrome compromise the structural integrity of developing blood vessels, leading to leaky vessels. Overexpression of miRNA-126-3p is responsible for the vascular defect, which can be rescued by reducing the miRNA's levels.
A new study by Virginia Tech and University of Vermont researchers identifies the design features that influence whether trusted agricultural advisors choose AI tools. The research suggests that cost, data ownership, and human-centered design are pivotal to selection.
A global consortium created an exam with 2,500 questions spanning multiple subjects to assess AI capabilities. Current AI models consistently fail the exam, highlighting gaps in their understanding. The project aims to provide a long-term benchmark for evaluating advanced AI systems and demonstrate the importance of human expertise
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have identified a hydrogen-free, telecom-wavelength quantum-light emitter in silicon, called the CN center. This defect reproduces key electronic and optical properties of the T center, making it a promising alternative for practical quantum devices.
A recent study from WashU Medicine found a strong correlation between parental obesity and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children. Research analyzing data from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children showed that maternal obesity was associated with a 2.9-fold increase in ...
A new study finds that fewer than 250 fossils are required to train an image-based AI algorithm, a significant improvement on previously thought numbers. The discovery could greatly speed up the identification process in vertebrate paleontology, where most fossils are fragmented and difficult to analyze.
Scientists employed targeted sound vibrations to influence brain behavior in a computer game, revealing robust effects on neurotransmitter levels and choice behavior. The technique may offer new treatments for conditions like depression and addiction, which involve disrupted brain regions.
A recent study in Finland identified four distinct citizen engagement profiles during a health crisis: those prioritizing accuracy, plausibility, credibility, and cohesion. Understanding these differences can support public authorities' communication efforts to promote collaboration and informed decision-making.
Researchers discovered a mechanism that enables bacterial pathogens to assemble antibiotic-resistant 3D biofilms, which protect them from antibiotics and the immune system. The team found that adhesive pili form flat sheets linking bacteria together and shield them from hostile environments.
A study by Tezpur University and University of Illinois has identified distinct metabolic patterns in blood that can distinguish gallbladder cancer cases from noncancerous conditions. The researchers detected hundreds of altered metabolites and identified markers with high diagnostic accuracy for each condition.
A strategic trauma center placement was associated with reduced firearm mortality in Chicago's high-violence areas. The study highlights the importance of equitable access to trauma care, particularly in communities with limited resources.
A study found that Mg-Ca alloys exhibit a threshold effect in their microstructure, leading to changes in viscosity. The researchers used molecular dynamics simulations to map the structural evolution of the alloys across different calcium content levels.
A new framework identifies 38 competencies for effective healthcare investigators, including technical expertise, empathy, and system understanding. The research aims to shift from blame-based investigations to a more proactive approach to prevent repeated harm to patients.
A study in Science reveals that a healthy gut microbiota enhances immunotherapy's efficacy against cancer, while antibiotics reduce diversity and may impair treatment. Analysis found specific bacterial species associated with better clinical outcomes.
Scientists have discovered that heat is an inherent byproduct of light-to-light conversion in LuAG:Ce thin films. Luminous saturation arises from non-radiative recombination channels dominating energy competition, with optimal Ce concentrations peaking at 1618.3 lm under 28 W/mm2.
Researchers found that young mice developed strong skin inflammation in response to everyday allergens, revealing a brief window of vulnerability. The study suggests that early childhood represents a critical period for immune-driven skin disease, and that targeting this period may prevent allergic diseases from spreading.
Dr. Dennis Lal has been appointed as the new executive director of the Center for Innovation in Health Informatics at UT Arlington, succeeding Marion Ball. He will lead initiatives on precision health, clinical AI, and health care-scale informatics.
A team of researchers used high-speed imaging to investigate soft solids sliding on rigid substrates, discovering that squeaking emerges from supersonic detachment pulses. The study found a relationship between surface geometry and the repetition rate of these pulses, impacting frictional resistance.
A new mechanochemical approach uses water as a catalyst to transform renewable resources into high-performance porous materials capable of capturing CO2 while removing pollutants. The method produces carbon-negative materials with exceptional hydrophobic characteristics and scalable production.
A new study explores how religious faith can complement climate science, providing hope, meaning, and motivation for continued action. Faith-based activists in Sweden and South Africa reveal that spirituality gives them strength and direction to commit to climate issues.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting nerve cells in the brain, known as CRF neurons, can speed up the process of unlearning fear. This finding has implications for treating post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety disorders, suggesting that targeting specific brain regions may provide new therapeutic options.
Charles F. Manski is recognized for his pioneering contributions to measuring uncertainty in economic research and its application to public policy analysis. His work has profoundly influenced empirical research across various fields, encouraging economists to rely on credible and transparent inference.
The Greenwood Genetic Center has secured $1.1 million in federal funding to develop innovative treatments for Alzheimer's disease using Mitochondria Organelle Transplantation (MOT). The therapy aims to restore cellular energy and slow disease progression by transplanting healthy mitochondria into diseased cells.
A University of Lausanne research team discovered vitamin B7's role in bypassing glutamine addiction in cancer cells. The study found that pyruvate, enabled by pyruvate carboxylase and vitamin B7, fuels cells' energy cycle even without glutamine.
Residents of favelas in São Paulo exhibit less daily movement variability than those living in formal areas with similar incomes. Despite higher economic conditions, infrastructure challenges impact mobility access and stability. The study uses mobile phone data to analyze movement patterns over several weeks.
The article discusses current evidence on risks of ambient heat to pregnant women, including hot weather and occupational exposures. Effective strategies for managing heat-related risks are also highlighted as critical for maintaining maternal health.
The study reveals marked variation in radiation dose to patients from diagnostic testing, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries. Standardized protocols and updated equipment are urgently needed to reduce global radiation exposure and improve the quality of CAD diagnosis.
A study by São Paulo State University found that an iron-based compound eliminated lung infection in mice after 30 days of treatment. The researchers developed lipid nanoparticles to improve stability and duration of action, outperforming standard antibiotics in eliminating the bacterial load.
The European FAIR GAME consortium aims to create participatory mechanisms that foster digital literacy, strengthen mental wellbeing and embed practices grounded in children's fundamental rights in online gaming environments. The project seeks to bring about cultural and structural change in gaming platform policies and standards.
Researchers used single-nucleus RNA sequencing and metabolomics to map tea leaf development, identifying distinct cell types and dynamic shifts in phytohormones and flavonoids. The study reveals how key genes coordinate leaf expansion and flavonoid biosynthesis, offering a cellular-level framework for understanding tea flavor and quality.
Researchers at TU Wien investigate the surprising effects of ion bombardment on the quantum material 1T-TaS2. They observe a clean and reliable switching behavior, where the material's state is reliably switched after each impact.
Research found that certain NSUN6 gene polymorphisms may reduce the risk of neuroblastoma in children from Jiangsu Province, China. The study also discovered a potential link between these genetic variants and improved overall survival rates.
Researchers developed a systematic framework for matching nutrients to genetic diseases, identifying vitamins B2 and B3 as key players in treating various conditions. The study's findings also revealed a new vitamin-disease interaction involving the NAXD gene and vitamin B3.
Research found that bilingual individuals were more creative in their native language but less so in their second language. The study suggests that the language we think in shapes our creativity and that vivid mental imagery plays a key role in divergent thinking.
A nearly complete skeleton of Alnashetri cerropoliciensis has been discovered in Argentina, providing the first evidence of this enigmatic group of dinosaur. The fossil's age and anatomy reveal that these tiny animals existed when the continents were still connected as Pangaea.
A recent study highlights the link between water security and adaptability of homes in urban centers of the Global North to extreme heat. Household water security is not universal, even in the wealthiest cities, forcing vulnerable households to limit their water consumption, compromising their ability to adapt to extreme heat.
A recent study found that superagers' brains exhibit increased neurogenesis, with active production of new neurons. This 'resilience signature' is linked to superior memory formation and processing. The study's findings have implications for understanding healthy aging, cognitive resilience, and the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have identified new microbial species in corals that produce unique natural products, offering a vast arsenal of potential benefits to humanity. The study highlights the importance of protecting coral reefs' microbiomes to tap into this untapped resource before it's lost forever.
A team of scientists at the Indian Institute of Science discovered that disrupting a single gene alters serotonin signaling, leading to swarming behavior in worms. The study suggests that neuromodulatory control of social behavior might be evolutionarily conserved across species.
A study reveals the genetic circuitry behind lotus's spatial pattern of medicinal alkaloid accumulation, driven by a jasmonate-responsive transcriptional cascade involving NnMYC2 and NnMYB14. The regulatory framework identified provides targets for metabolic engineering of medicinal compounds.
Scientists have discovered new ways to kill bacteria by targeting the MurJ transporter, a key component of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Researchers found that phage-derived protein antibiotics inhibit MurJ's activity, providing potential targets for antibacterial drugs.
The International AI Art Biennale brings together artists, experts, and researchers to explore the role of AI in culture, art, and science. The event features exhibitions, performances, and a scientific conference that focuses on creative dialogue and education with AI.