Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers integrate AI into local monitoring sensors to track ecosystem health in near real-time, reducing delays of months to years. The project enables faster release of accessible flux data, helping scientists understand ecosystem responses to change and inform land management decisions.
A $2.1 million NIH grant will support research into the primary cilium's functions in protein synthesis and energy production, with implications for neurological disease. The study will investigate the role of primary cilia in embryonic brain development and connect fundamental cell biology with neurological disorders.
A new study from Virginia Tech scientists reveals the complex relationship between temperature, photoperiod, and bear hibernation behavior. The research found that temperature and day length interact to shape hibernation behavior, potentially disrupting climate-driven changes in hibernation timing.
Researchers tested electron beam technology on ground turkey, finding it effective in inactivating pathogens while preserving meat quality. The study used modified atmosphere packaging to minimize oxidation effects, resulting in preserved meat quality and inactivation of pathogens.
The partnership between SUNY Stony Brook and Brookhaven National Laboratory extends New York State's quantum communications network, enabling new discoveries across various industrial sectors, bolstering research and cybersecurity. The expansion aims to improve computer operations and unlock new opportunities to improve New Yorkers' li...
Researchers analyzed 16 enacted laws across 10 states to understand the patchwork of state social media laws, finding that limiting access had the least supporting evidence, while media literacy training showed promise
Researchers identified seven distinct phases in the journey from space rock to meteorite, with melting and fragmentation controlling mass loss and slowing down. The study used 75 meteorite falls and found that melting causes most of the rock's mass loss, with rocks breaking apart at specific altitudes.
USC researchers have developed custom, 3D-printed MRI sensors that provide clearer images of small organs in infants and children. The sensors, which can be customized to individual patients, are made in under 10 minutes and cost around $30.
A new study by Mass General Brigham researchers identifies dual specificity phosphatase 5 (Dusp5) and zinc finger protein 219 (Zfp219) as key regulators of T cell dysfunction in cancer. The findings suggest that blocking Zfp219 activity could be a promising approach to improving T cell function in older adults, potentially leading to b...
A study in birds found that physical activity in youth decreases energy used for moving as an adult, with significant implications for human health. The research, led by Penn State researchers, suggests that children who are physically active may become more efficient movers, making exercise more accessible and beneficial for adults.
Researchers found that natural gas drilling can lead to elevated radium content in local drinking water due to increased salt levels. This can pose serious health risks, including an increased risk of cancer. The study used private water wells and springs to collect samples and found a connection between drilling operations and radium ...
Weill Cornell Medicine has created a new research department, the Department of Systems and Computational Biomedicine, with Dr. Dan Landau as its inaugural chair. The department will harness cutting-edge computational approaches to illuminate how disease develops and forge innovative prevention and treatment strategies.
Sylvester Cancer Center has ranked #1 in Florida and #23 nationwide, thanks to discoveries of a genetic mutation that enables blood cancers to evade BTK inhibitors. Researchers are exploring new therapies and using AI to advance precision medicine.
A new study suggests that a magnetic field existed in the infant solar system, possibly playing a role in shaping the sun and early planets. The discovery was made in ancient meteorite dust, which preserved records of the magnetic field's strength and intensity.
Researchers at Dartmouth Health identified a higher risk of severe reactions in patients with alpha-gal syndrome when receiving blood plasma or platelet transfusions, particularly from type O donors. The study suggests that pre-existing antibodies to alpha-gal from tick bites may be a contributing factor.
The updated guideline recommends routine obesity screening, comprehensive lifestyle intervention, and individualized use of medications and endoscopic and surgical procedures. Obesity should be treated as a chronic disease requiring longitudinal, flexible care pathways.
Matt Jaffe, a Montana State University physicist, has received a $150,000 research grant to study the interactions between light and matter, with potential applications in quantum computing and quantum sensing. His research aims to develop new methods for entanglement distribution and gravity measurement using optical cavities.
Researchers with Texas A&M AgriLife Research are exploring the potential of prickly pear cactus as a source of biofuels and functional food ingredients. The crop's resilience and value make it an attractive option for sustainable agriculture, but scaling production and standardizing ingredients remain key challenges.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a new manufacturing approach combining 3D printing and electroforming to produce complex, leak-free components for advanced nuclear reactors. This approach streamlines production and reduces reliance on traditional supply chains.
Engineered microscopic vibrations from synthetic materials can dramatically improve fuel efficiency in passenger jets. Researchers have discovered super-resonance and scatterless interference, enabling more effective control over turbulence and airflow.
A Drexel University study analyzing 26 songs written by cancer survivors during music therapy sessions found that music therapy helped reduce anxiety and identified themes such as prioritizing self-care and redefining identity. The study also highlighted the importance of music-based strategies for managing mental health and well-being.
A nationwide quality improvement initiative led by UC Davis Health and the American Academy of Pediatrics increased screening and follow-up care for adolescent substance use and mental health concerns. Clinics implemented evidence-based strategies, including validated screening instruments, and reported significant improvements in pati...
A new book ranks countries on human rights measures, revealing overachievers like Rwanda and the Philippines, and underachievers like China and Iran. The CIRIGHTS Data Project provides numerical scores on human rights protection, showing how well countries protect internationally recognized rights.
A new study by UTHealth Houston found measurable biological changes in firefighters' blood and urine 24 hours after fighting a fire, which may help identify early cancer risk. The study identified 75 significantly altered proteins in urine and 10 in blood serum, with several linked to cancer-related pathways.
A study published in Ecological Monographs reveals that large mammals like tapirs, peccaries, and deer alter soil chemistry and increase fertility in the Atlantic Forest. By trampling and rooting around, these animals reduce soil acidity and increase nutrient availability, leading to increased forest soil fertility.
A study published in eClinicalMedicine found that illicit fentanyl use is more than twice as common as medically based use in the US. Illicit users have a significantly higher risk of opioid-related harmful outcomes, with a 3-fold higher risk of nonfatal overdose.
MIT engineers develop a tool that generates plausible extreme events and worst-case scenarios without relying on extreme data, enabling planners to prepare for unprecedented scenarios. The algorithm takes a statistical approach to learn from available data, excluding implausible weather scenarios, and projects how extreme events might ...
Researchers have developed an interactive platform to identify future trafficking hotspots, revealing where criminal networks are most likely to strike next. The tool combines landscape ecology with criminology to identify high-risk corridors, particularly across southeastern Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula.
A new study reveals that schizophrenia affects not only how strongly brain networks engage relative to one another, but also how effectively they return to balance after disruption. People with schizophrenia experience more frequent imbalances in signal strength, recover more slowly, and have altered recovery processes related to sympt...
A four-year training program helps resettled refugees and immigrants develop sustainable agriculture-based businesses, improving mental and physical well-being. Participants report benefits including flexibility, sense of value, and financial independence, while also building connections with customers and the broader community.
A new study successfully uses audio deterrents to alert golden eagles to wind turbines, reducing collisions and deaths by over 50% at two wind farms in the Western USA. The system, called DTBird, emits warning sounds to attract the birds' attention and discourages closer approaches.
A new T32 training program connects bioengineers and neurosurgeons to work on research projects improving neurosurgical practice. The program brings together postdoctoral associates and residents to collaborate on team-based research projects, closing the gap between neurosurgery and bioengineering.
Researchers at Kobe University found that allowing observers to update the recipient's reputation helps people's evaluations become more aligned, making cooperation easier to sustain. They also discovered that a social norm called 'recipient image scoring' was particularly effective in supporting cooperation.
Researchers found that the lost species are long-lived perennials with tough leaves that help them survive stress, but are slow-growing and cannot compete in post-destruction grasslands. New plants that grow back in their place have features associated with faster growth and greater resource capture.
Researchers found that silencing POLG1 and POLG2 reduced mtDNA content, impaired mitochondrial function, and decreased stemness-related properties in breast cancer cells. POLG inhibition also suppressed colony formation and mammosphere growth, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in breast cancer.
Researchers identify three distinct strategic positions in the AI assistant market: scale leader, ecosystem player, and premium niche. The study finds that these positions are not determined by market share, but by each company's structural advantages.
The PH-LITES sensor uses parallel heterodyne LITES to detect multiple gases simultaneously, achieving record-high OPL/V and significantly enhancing gas absorption signals. It enables high-speed detection capability through parallel heterodyne modulation and accurate mapping of gas concentrations from a single QTF output.
A study reveals that glacier retreat and changing vegetation may increase the overlap in resource use among bee species, potentially leading to pathogen transmission. This could have significant consequences for pollinator health and ecosystem services.
A large-scale study of nearly 700 species of Neogastropoda provides strong evidence for their single evolutionary origin, identifying four new families and a previously undetected burst of diversification in the early Cenozoic. This finding challenges existing knowledge of marine snail diversity and evolutionary history.
A new open dataset provides reliable future climate projections for European building design, allowing for more accurate simulations and better adaptation to climate change. The dataset covers over 5,000 locations and spans multiple emissions scenarios, enabling designers to make informed decisions about building energy performance.
CDK inhibitors show great potential for cancer treatment, particularly for aggressive tumor types like leukemias, breast, lung, and ovarian cancer. Innovative technologies like PROTACs and molecular glues may further enhance efficacy when combined with existing therapies.
A new study by the University of Birmingham reveals that TikTok's design can make it difficult for young people to distinguish between trustworthy and misleading mental health advice. The study found that young people tend to rely on relatability rather than reliability when seeking mental health advice on the platform.
Insilico Medicine convenes O3DC, an open initiative addressing critical limitations in benchmarks for AI-driven drug discovery. The consortium catalogues hundreds of benchmarks across 10 categories, including molecular property prediction and binding affinity.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed L-32, a quinolone-based inhibitor that targets PTPN22, a negative regulator of the immune system. This compound promotes robust antitumor immunity and has improved potency, selectivity, and cellular efficacy compared to previous derivatives.
The 13th Aging Research and Drug Discovery Meeting (ARDD) 2026 will bring together leading researchers, clinicians, and industry experts to advance aging research and accelerate age-related disease interventions. Aging is proud to support ARDD as a media partner, promoting the event through its digital and social media channels.
Research reveals that increased tau protein levels during aging may contribute to the rise of depressive symptoms. The study, published in JNeurosci, suggests that monitoring depressive trajectories in aging populations could complement other measures to help assess risk for neurodegenerative disease.
Dr. Georg Aue, a nationally recognized blood cancer expert, has been named the inaugural director of the Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program at UT Health San Antonio. The program aims to increase access to new therapeutic approaches for patients across South Texas, with a focus on clinical excellence, research innovation,...
Researchers at Umeå University have mapped interactions between 36 representative gut bacterial species, revealing that inhibitory effects dominate, while cooperative mechanisms also exist. The study provides a comprehensive dataset for understanding gut microbiome composition and dynamics.
A new study highlights the urgent need for concerted strategies to combat online illegal wildlife trade, which is magnified by the anonymity of online platforms. The review identifies critical gaps in data and emphasizes the need for cooperation across sectors and comprehensive policy frameworks to address this growing threat.
A study published in Virologica Sinica identifies three candidate antiviral compounds that interfere with different stages of the chikungunya virus life cycle. The compounds, MDL-12330A, bazedoxifene acetate, and anidulafungin, show distinct antiviral profiles, suggesting that CHIKV infection can be inhibited through different mechanisms.
A new study suggests that zinc oxide nanoparticles can improve key agronomic, nutritional and quality traits in direct-seeded rice, including increased zinc concentration, spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight, and reduced amylose content and chalkiness.
Physician David Wenzel's ethnographic fieldwork in acute hospital settings reveals how his clinical identity shapes interactions with staff. He found that introducing himself as a PhD student led to more open discussions about emotions and relational work, while wearing a student lanyard made him less visible to medical staff.
A new study found that green and blue spaces, such as woodlands and grasslands, can be up to 4.5°C cooler than built-up areas during peak summer hours. The research team monitored temperatures across Guildford for three years and found that these natural defenses can significantly reduce the urban heat island effect.
Researchers achieved a significant advance in controlling quantum states of matter by harnessing vacuum fluctuations to enhance superconductivity. The team demonstrated a substantial increase in the superconducting critical temperature of NbSe2, with a 5.4% increase in a six-layer device.
Researchers at PolyU developed a screening tool to identify seniors at risk of social frailty, a state of vulnerability linked to poorer health. The Social Frailty 10-Item screening tool assesses five domains and guides practical next steps for care, including referrals to financial or healthcare support.
A study by the University of Córdoba reveals that access to bilingual education is unevenly distributed across Andalusia, with rural areas lacking a significant presence. The study suggests that urban areas, with their larger populations, have a higher concentration of schools offering bilingual instruction.
Researchers at TU Dortmund University and others have developed a method to selectively modify the internal structure of glass during melting, reducing processing temperature and improving magnetic and optical properties. The process allows for precise control over the structure of glasses derived from metal-organic framework compounds.
Researchers developed an AI-driven framework for designing thermochromic smart windows with enhanced directional privacy protection and efficient thermal management. The smart windows can adapt to various climates and reduce energy losses in buildings, offering significant energy savings.
A study by researchers at University College London found that widely available spy device detectors failed users most reliant on them, missing nearly 60% of hidden surveillance devices. The detectors' complexity and lack of usability led to emotional consequences, including anxiety spirals and false sense of security.
Researchers have reconstructed a collision that launched a runaway black hole, shedding light on galaxy mergers and gravitational wave observatories. The simulation revealed that the two black holes had to be spinning fast and misaligned, producing a recoil of nearly 1,000 km/s.
Research suggests that easy access to well-maintained woodlands in deprived communities leads to reduced antidepressant and anti-anxiety medication use. People living near improved woodlands are 10% less likely to be prescribed antidepressants and 6% less likely to be prescribed anti-anxiety medication.
Researchers have discovered a simple ball-milling process that enhances the antiviral activity of manganese-based oxides, improving their ability to inactivate enveloped viruses like SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest a promising strategy for designing low-cost, high-performance antiviral materials.
A single-arm observational study found dapagliflozin improves left ventricular ejection fraction by 19% in non-diabetic Egyptian heart failure patients. The study demonstrated significant echocardiographic improvements and a low rate of mild short-term adverse events.
The Land Institute and HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology have assembled the first chromosome-scale genomes for Silphium integrifolium and Silphium perfoliatum, two wild sunflower species. This breakthrough will accelerate the development of more climate-resilient perennial crops.
A new study from IITGN and UFZ suggests that restructuring cereal cropping around nitrogen surplus can lower water use and farm emissions simultaneously, while maintaining food output steady. The approach averted an estimated ₹10,000 crore a year in pollution damage and reduced agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 8.7%.
A short workout or a nap can help improve memory performance after 30 hours without sleep, according to a new study. Researchers found that people who exercised or napped performed 22% better on memory tests than those who did neither.
Researchers analyzed data from 3,339 mother-child pairs and found no significant relationship between prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and social communication problems and autism-related traits. However, the study's findings suggest that long-term research is needed to clarify which environmental exposures matter most in co...
A new smartphone app called Mobilio uses AI, machine learning, and personalized audio cues to provide turn-by-turn directions, path guidance, and obstacle avoidance for people with blindness or low vision. The app completed outdoor navigation tasks 13% faster and reduced obstacle contact by 41% compared to Google Maps and a white cane.
Researchers analyzed 3.6 million patient portal messages, finding that patients from historically marginalized groups were less likely to receive responses from their care teams. Writing style, including length, formality, and sentiment, accounted for nearly half of the differences in response rates among patient groups.
A systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a strong association between alcohol marketing exposure and increased drinking outcomes among youth. The study's findings suggest that reducing alcohol marketing can help mitigate the risk of youth drinking, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address this public health con...
A nationwide cohort study found that continued ICS use during early pregnancy was not associated with increased risks of maternal or neonatal outcomes. The study highlights the importance of individualized risk assessment while maintaining asthma control, providing reassuring evidence for current guideline recommendations.
A cross-sectional study found that adolescents increasingly use AI chatbots to discuss mental health concerns, with significant implications for young people's well-being. The study's findings highlight the need for increased awareness and support for adolescents' mental health needs.
Exposure to suicide attempts within social networks was linked to increased risk of subsequent suicide attempts and higher depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults. Assessing recent exposure to suicide attempts may help identify high-risk youths undetected through symptom-based screening alone.
A cohort study of 544 young survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage found that 30.2% developed new brain aneurysms over 40 years. Female sex, smoking, and family history of aneurysms were identified as risk factors, with smoking cessation associated with lower risk.
Researchers redefine neurodegenerative diseases as TDP-43 associated neurodegenerative disease (TAND), which shares biological roots with ALS, FTD, and LATE. This new framework could lead to more efficient drug development and improved clinical trials for rare conditions.
Academic fraud, aging, and healthcare automation are addressed through digital health innovations, including forensic scientometrics and intelligent monitoring. These solutions aim to improve working conditions, patient care, and healthcare access, addressing systemic challenges and transforming clinical workflows.
The ST-NUS HELIX Corporate Lab aims to develop new generative and embodied AI use cases at the edge through system-to-silicon innovation, reducing energy consumption and improving performance. Researchers will focus on memory-centric architecture, innovative in-memory computing, and scalable compute-and-memory systems.
Researchers found that TMPRSS2 gene variants rs2070788 and rs12329760 are associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in Jordanian adults. The study identified rs2070788 as a marker for COVID-19 susceptibility and rs12329760 as a predictor of severe disease, while clinical covariates such as BMI and age also played a role.
Approximately 1 in 9 individuals in China will develop a digestive system cancer in their lifetime, with a staggering 1 in 12 succumbing to these diseases. The study reveals a profound 'risk transition' with colorectal cancer presenting the highest lifetime incidence risk.
A new blood-based approach developed by Kumamoto University researchers detects breast cancer recurrence by analyzing nucleosome structure in circulating DNA. The study identified genomic regions associated with treatment resistance and recurrence, promising a low-invasive monitoring method for patients.
Researchers developed a spatially programmable microfluidic chip for temperature-controlled separation of particles of multiple sizes in a single device. The device successfully separated multiple particle populations and isolated viable cancer cells, white blood cells, and red blood cells from diluted whole blood.
A world-first trial of floating wetland pods in wastewater lagoons shows significant greenhouse gas emissions reductions, with CO₂ emissions dropping by up to 36% and methane by up to 66%. The technology has potential to transform wastewater treatment into a climate solution.
Southwest Research Institute's PaSTA technology stabilizes solar arrays for spacecraft docking, while ALTRIOS simulates locomotive energy technologies for efficient rail systems. Both innovations were recognized as two of the most important of 2026.
A new research tool, PGS-TRI, analyzes family data to understand how genetics and environment contribute to autism risk. The tool provides a more precise look at how 'nature' and 'nurture' interact within families, allowing researchers to better understand the complex factors that shape a child's health.
The new EAACI guidelines highlight the growing role of pollen monitoring, environmental forecasts and prevention in managing allergic rhinitis and asthma in a changing climate. Effective allergy management goes beyond medication, incorporating environmental and meteorological data.
A new preclinical study shows that combining HER3-DXd with olaparib significantly improves treatment responses in lung cancer models. The combination therapy induces irreparable DNA damage in cancer cells and stimulates the immune system to combat the disease.
A Swedish population-level study found that individuals with a comprehensive understanding of palliative care are more likely to prefer end-of-life care at home or in a hospice. The study also highlights the importance of earlier palliative care initiation to alleviate suffering and promote well-being.
Kinetic simulations distinguish collective from diffusive charge and heat transport in a graphene Corbino disk, revealing magnetic-field-induced deflection of charge and heat flux. The hydrodynamic regime shows a substantially larger temperature rise under electric-field driving, associated with reduced momentum relaxation.
A UC San Diego study links certain agricultural and natural landscapes to Valley fever rates, suggesting land management decisions can impact public health. Research analyzed 65,657 confirmed cases and found higher disease rates in areas with dry, sparsely vegetated landscapes and certain types of farmland.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Engineering have developed a process to manufacture flu vaccines in baker's yeast, producing virus-like particles that protect mice against multiple influenza strains. The approach aims to provide long-lasting protection, possibly even a lifetime, against multiple strains and subtypes.
A team of scientists has developed a technology to turn plastic and agricultural waste into edible proteins and flavoring molecules using microbes. The researchers have created a treat from trash called µBites, which are safe to eat and have received high marks on aroma.
A joint team from NJU and PKU achieves single-shot high-fidelity lensless dynamic imaging by merging physical modeling with neural representation. This approach enables the recovery of clear and high-resolution images of moving samples, paving the way for flexible and practical lensless imaging applications.
A new study develops methods for clinicians to assess patient risk and builds an understanding of HFpEF's mechanisms, which could lead to new treatments. Researchers found potential mechanistic and molecular changes contributing to the condition.
A new flu vaccine, made using baker's yeast, has shown strong immune responses in mice, protecting against three different strains of flu, including those that mutate slowly. The vaccine targets the M2 protein, which is less likely to mutate and could provide broader protection against future flu strains.
A new study from MIT researchers found that language skills remain stable in older adults, with nearly identical brain activity to young adults, while other cognitive functions decline. The study suggests that parts of the brain specialized for specific functions, such as language processing, may be more resilient to aging.
A new study investigates the effects of a multimodal intervention combining individualized neuromodulation with functional training on supraspinal functional characteristics and sensorimotor function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. The intervention, which includes transcranial direct current stimulation and functional co...
Robotic gastrectomy reduces complications, blood loss, and hospital stay compared to laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer patients, with benefits seen in both distal and total gastrectomy procedures. Longer procedures may be offset by improved visualization and enhanced dexterity.
Despite improved mental health challenges post-pandemic, Ontario students still face elevated stress, excessive screen time, and online gambling concerns. Drug use continues to decline, but barriers to seeking mental health support persist, highlighting the need for continued surveillance and targeted prevention initiatives.
This review explores the impact of tryptophan metabolism on female reproductive health, including ovarian function, fertility, and maternal-fetal health. It highlights the therapeutic potential of tryptophan metabolism in treating ovarian diseases and proposes dietary supplementation, modulation of the gut microbiota, and melatonin ant...
A new brain-inspired algorithm, Spi-Fly, demonstrates promise for achieving practical applications in scent classification, particularly in scenarios with limited training data. The algorithm shows accurate classification of scents and can learn with few-shot and continual learning methods, making it suitable for real-world applications.
Researchers discovered that unique satellite DNA patterns on each pair of chromosomes, like barcodes, help matching chromosomes find each other. These patterns ensure correct distribution of chromosomes during meiosis, preventing errors in fertilization.
A review published in the journal CANCER reveals that cost-effective interventions such as single-dose HPV vaccination, screen-and-treat strategies, and workforce development can substantially improve outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. These interventions can bridge the survival gap between LMICs and wealthier nations.
According to a national poll, many parents face challenges getting their kids to eat a healthy breakfast before school. Common barriers include picky eating, time constraints, and morning moods. Parents can make a difference by offering nutritious options and letting their child decide, even with busy school mornings.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a new way to lower the resistance of p-type GaN contacts by depositing an ultrathin magnesium layer and applying a brief heat treatment. This approach achieves a contact resistivity of (1–3) × 10⁻⁴ Ω cm², a significant improvement over existing methods. The new process has promise for accelera...
Research reveals systemic racial barriers to blood donation among Black Canadians, rooted in restrictive policies and individual experiences of racism. The study aims to increase awareness and improve communication with Black communities to increase donor representation and meet the need for specific blood types.
Pregnancy loss is a common outcome, not an unusual event, according to a new book by University of Illinois professor Kate Clancy. The book highlights the intricate and uncertain process of pregnancy, where numerous tests and developmental milestones must be met for a fetus to grow and thrive.
Researchers found distinct patterns of bone density change after anatomical and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, with significant declines in bone mineral density over time in patients with osteoporosis. These findings suggest that optimizing osteoporosis treatment and monitoring bone density may improve long-term outcomes after re...
Researchers have developed a technology to transition microbial communities in wastewater treatment plants from nitrogen removal to recovery, enabling the reuse of nitrogen compounds as an energy resource. This process reduces energy consumption and mitigates environmental impact, promoting a more sustainable wastewater treatment appro...
A study found that type 2 diabetes in lean Africans is caused by a shortage of insulin, not insulin resistance, unlike in overweight individuals. This disparity leads to different disease processes and treatment responses, with lean patients often developing eye damage and strokes, while overweight patients are more likely to have high...
Researchers found that melamine-derived carbon nitride outperforms other precursors in breaking down pharmaceutical pollutants in water, with a higher manufacturing yield and photocatalytic performance.
A study reveals RAS signaling creates a specialized codon-defined translational program to boost production of proteins required for tumor growth and drug resistance. By targeting METTL13, a molecular regulator of CGA decoding, researchers found a potential vulnerability in RAS-driven cancers.
Researchers have developed a nanocage architecture that seamlessly integrates ultrafast solar evaporation with selective pollutant degradation in a single material. The architecture achieves record-breaking water evaporation rates and demonstrates exceptional environmental adaptability in a single material.
Researchers developed azaphenanthrene-fused non-fullerene acceptors with enhanced crystallinity and packing order, leading to high-efficiency devices. The N/halogen engineering strategy achieves a record 20.18% power conversion efficiency in binary organic solar cells.
Urban greenery provides substantial cooling benefits but also complicates ozone control by stabilizing the urban boundary layer and releasing ozone-polluting compounds. Locally tailored greening strategies are needed to maximize cooling benefits while minimizing air-quality trade-offs
Researchers detected banned chemicals in 25 European countries, showing their remarkable environmental persistence. The study found that sediments and sludge can serve as long-term environmental reservoirs, gradually releasing contaminants into waterways, soils, waste-management systems, and food chains.
Shunkai, developed by Professor Kenji Ohmori's team, integrates multiple layers for practical quantum computing, overcoming scalability and error correction challenges. The system uses 50 qubits initially, with plans to expand to 500 qubits, and will be partially open to external users for application development and demonstration.
The study found that regional deployment of marine cloud brightening could induce a global mean cooling of approximately 0.9°C, alleviating the global land drying trend. However, different regions exhibit varying responses, with some experiencing mitigated or overcompensated drought stress, while others face exacerbated conditions.
Researchers developed a purple fabric that reflects 87.6% of solar radiation and emits 96.4% of mid-infrared radiation, making it a highly effective cooling material. The fabric was tested in outdoor conditions and showed a significant cooling effect, making it suitable for people who spend long periods outdoors.
Participants took on roles in manufacturing, logistics, and inventory management, experiencing a supply chain firsthand through a game. The workshop taught key concepts like Toyota's Lean principles, including the Kanban system and Kaizen, to build an intuitive understanding of supply chain management.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a transistor that can operate at 600°C, leveraging the intrinsic properties of SiC to improve controllability and reduce leakage currents. The bottom-gate design significantly enhances the device's performance, paving the way for practical use in extreme-temperature electronics.
A team of researchers has developed a low-loss silicon nitride waveguide that generates broadband light on a chip by replacing hydrogen with deuterium. The waveguide demonstrates a chip-scale waveguide that stretches infrared laser pulses into a spectrum running from visible red to deep into the infrared.
A nationwide Swedish study found that people with bipolar disorder who took semaglutide had significantly lower rates of psychiatric hospitalization. The study suggests that GLP-1 signaling may help protect the brain and improve mood stability.
Researchers developed a filament extrusion system to process recycled PET from waste plastic bottles, producing filament suitable for 3D printing. The recycled PET filament demonstrated competitive mechanical performance compared to PLA, highlighting its potential as a feedstock for additive manufacturing.
A KAIST research team developed a 3D digital twin of a commercial graphite anode to analyze localized degradation mechanisms during fast charging. They found that binder and pore space distribution significantly impacted battery performance and lifespan.
A 10-fold increase in new case rate of type 2 diabetes in young people under 20 years old since the turn of century has led to a significant shift in the disease's demographics. The study found an accelerating trend in type 2 diabetes incidence, with a 3.8% annual increase between 2002 and 2023.
A new Cochrane map has identified significant gaps in dengue prevention research, with most studies lacking synthesis into reliable reviews that policymakers can use. The map highlights areas such as vaccine implementation, adult mosquito control, and environmental interventions, which require more evidence to inform effective dengue c...
A deep learning model called IncResUnet detects plasma bubbles in the ionosphere with high accuracy. The model achieved an F1-score of 0.914 on the FORMOSAT-1 test set and outperformed traditional threshold methods.
Researchers propose a new numerical method for binary asteroid systems, achieving numerical accuracy and structure preservation. The method outperforms existing methods in energy conservation and orthogonality preservation, making it suitable for long-term predictions and planetary defense mission planning.
Researchers created a technology that controls the thickness and structure of a polymer coating, allowing more water droplets to form and detach quickly. This enhances heat transfer performance during condensation, improving energy efficiency in power plants and industrial applications.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have derived design rules for thermoelectric materials by optimizing band structure, a map showing electron states. This work promises a shift towards rational material design, enabling efficient conversion of waste heat to electricity and reducing oil and gas consumption.
Researchers have developed an oral therapy that protects healthy tissue from radiation while preserving radiation's ability to destroy cancer cells. The therapy, called XOlacta, is packaged in milk-derived extracellular vesicles and can be administered orally, reducing damage to tissues and preserving tumor treatment effectiveness.
Researchers developed a first-in-class therapy targeting MYC, a protein involved in 70% of cancers, by disrupting its relationship with GSPT1. This approach showed strong anti-cancer activity in multiple types of blood cancers, including treatment-resistant models.
A new University of Pittsburgh study found that low-frequency deep brain stimulation improves control of facial and tongue muscles involved in speaking and swallowing after traumatic brain injury. The treatment showed small but significant improvements in word intelligibility for one participant with TBI.
A team of researchers created a fishbone catalyst that efficiently converted waste agricultural film into olefin-rich bio-oil through microwave-assisted pyrolysis. The catalyst achieved a bio-oil yield of 89.32 wt.%, with olefins accounting for 84.03% of the oil and C6–C12 compounds dominating the hydrocarbon fraction.
The article proposes a new statistical governance framework to standardize energy-use tracking in global data centers. AI-driven identification workflows and non-intrusive load monitoring are used to distinguish data center workloads from mixed-use commercial premises.
Researchers developed a technique to assess the reliability of medical imaging tools, which can be used to evaluate quantitative imaging methods and build confidence in these technologies. The technique, called NGSE-Corr, was shown to accurately rank imaging methods for 91% of trials and identify the most precise method for 95% of trials.
Cool river temperatures in first 15 days after fertilization are crucial for survival, with warm years limiting survival. Research suggests strategies like reintroduction to historical habitat may be more effective in the long run than targeting specific cold water releases.
Astronomers discover that massive galaxies in the early universe contain more small stars than expected, challenging current understanding of galaxy formation. The study uses NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to reveal the hidden mass of low-mass stars in these galaxies.
Researchers developed a method to quantify individual cell damage using molecular markers, enabling detailed analysis of disease progression in tissue samples. This method can distinguish early disease mechanisms and differentiate between patient-specific and general disease progression.
A new paper by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma recommends making automatic crash notification (ACN) and advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) systems standard safety features in every new vehicle. These systems can provide critical information to emergency responders, such as the vehicle's location and poten...
A Stanford Medicine study found that estrogen-only menopausal hormone therapy may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. The study, which analyzed brain autopsies and cerebrospinal fluid samples, found a 35% reduction in Alzheimer's-related pathological deposits in women who used estrogen-only MHT.
Dr. Alkhouli brings over a decade of editorial leadership experience to JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions, a journal that has shaped interventional cardiology for nearly two decades. He aims to further the journal's role in defining the future of interventional cardiovascular medicine.
Scientists have identified multiple targets for antibodies that could treat Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, a deadly virus spread by ticks. The research found that antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid protein offer protection against the virus, regardless of strain, and could lead to the development of new treatments.
Researchers create two-headed molecule that physically links a cancer-causing protein with another molecule that switches on cell death mechanisms. In mice, treatment with the molecule eliminated aggressive lymphoma tumors within 11 days, with no obvious signs of toxicity.
Researchers explore materials that can store, convert and release heat while maintaining human comfort and mechanical requirements. The review highlights emerging strategies for combining photothermal conversion with wearable technologies for thermal management and intelligent healthcare.
Researchers discovered that three bacteria, including P. inefficax, can alter the soil microbiome to protect wheat from a fungus that causes root rot. The bacteria increase root biomass, exhibit growth-promoting genes, and produce beneficial plant compounds, strengthening the plant's defenses.
Scientists at Penn State have developed a new method for seismic imaging using thunderstorms, which can be used to study the Earth's subsurface structure and image the subsurface without traditional seismic sources. This method allows for easier imaging in less accessible locations, such as the Arctic or urban areas.
Melchor Antuñano joins UCF College of Medicine to design new procedures and technologies for astronauts, pilots, and airplane passengers. He will also create a new master’s degree in aerospace medicine and a residency program for aerospace medicine physicians.
A new molecular compound, TOFA, identified by UC Berkeley scientists, helps cells burn extra energy with no change in food intake or exercise, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose control. The treatment, which works by increasing energy expenditure, shows promise in mouse models and may be used in combination with GLP-1 medications.
Researchers discovered that Trypanosoma cruzi, the Chagas disease parasite, alters its RNA to adapt to infect mammals, a process that could lead to new treatments. The study found that modifications in transfer RNA facilitate protein production, influencing the parasite's transformation from a non-infective to an infectious phase.
The FDA has cleared the PrecivityAD2 blood test, developed by C2N Diagnostics, to aid in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The test uses high-resolution mass spectrometry to measure biomarkers associated with amyloid pathology, providing more accurate and reliable results than cerebrospinal fluid tests.
A new UCLA-led study finds that concrete's natural absorption of carbon dioxide is too slow and small to meaningfully offset the emissions released when cement is made. Researchers argue that the industry should prioritize active technological measures to reduce emissions, including reducing cement use and adopting alternative fuels.
UT MD Anderson recognized 58 faculty members for their exceptional contributions to cancer research, patient care, and education. The institution also honored six early-career Faculty Scholars, six recipients of the Faculty Achievement Awards, and six faculty members with UT MD Anderson's most prestigious endowed faculty awards.
Two OU-led research teams have been awarded nearly $1.4 million in funding under the DOE's Genesis Mission to develop AI for enhanced geothermal systems and quantum computing. OU's projects align with the university's impact-centers research priorities and address the Genesis Mission's pillars of Energy Dominance and Discovery Science.
Scientists in the University of California San Diego laboratory used AI to decipher the 'initiator' DNA sequence, which is responsible for gene activation. The researchers found that about 60% of human genes contain the initiator, enabling the prediction of DNA mutations that can lead to various disorders.
A study by Texas A&M University researchers found that poor housing, high crime, and underfunded schools play a bigger role in limiting access to healthy food in historically redlined neighborhoods. The study suggests that policy changes and community engagement are needed to improve food security in these areas.
Microplastic pollution in dryland dumpsites accelerates due to intense sunlight, heat, wind, and open burning, transforming plastics into smaller, more reactive particles that spread through soil, air, water, and food systems. Aging microplastics increase metal adsorption and organic pollutant partitioning, posing emerging biological r...
Researchers found that aging microplastics can increase the binding of fluorinated pesticides like fluensulfone in agricultural soils. The smallest aged particles showed the strongest effects, with 30-35% of retained fluensulfone bound to PVC microplastics.
Three UVA computer science professors, Matthew Dwyer, Sebastian Elbaum, and Mary Lou Soffa, were inducted into the ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Academy for their profound impact on the field through research, practice, and education. Their collective work represents decades of contributions to software engineering and the education...
A new membrane combines food waste-derived biochar, graphene, and a phase change material to store thermal energy, improve heat transfer, and manage moisture. The membrane exhibits high thermal conductivity and water vapor permeability, making it suitable for energy recovery ventilation and smart building systems.
A US national laboratory research collaboration aims to accelerate the qualification of critical nuclear components for the US energy supply chain. The project leverages additive manufacturing and AI tools to enable the rapid expansion of domestic nuclear manufacturing capabilities, boosting energy security and competitiveness.
Researchers used super-resolution microscopy to track cancer drug sunitinib inside living cells, revealing its impact on cellular systems. The study found that sunitinib triggers a cascading breakdown of the systems that power, organize, and sustain the cell, contributing to cell function loss and survival.
Researchers found that NF1 loss in ER+ breast cancer cells promotes bone metastasis by inducing osteoclast formation and immunosuppression, leading to a self-reinforcing cycle of cancer growth and bone damage.
A new book argues that adult children are cutting ties with their families of origin in favor of creating a chosen family environment. Research by Ohio State University professor Rin Reczek found that adult children who go 'no contact' with one or both parents elect estrangement as a last resort. The data shows that estrangement is dri...
Researchers studied the impact of a pharmaceutical merger on prices of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines in the Philippines. The study found that while some efficiencies were real, they did not lead to lower prices for all products, and in some cases, prices even increased.
A UC study found that only 15% of eligible American adults discuss lung cancer screenings with their doctors, highlighting the need for increased awareness and education about the lifesaving procedure. The study suggests that stigma and fear around lung cancer, as well as lack of information about the low-dose CT scan, may be barriers ...
The Deliverome Project aims to create a large-scale, open-access atlas of human cell surface proteins to aid in drug development. By developing new technologies and collecting data, researchers can identify surface proteins that can deliver cargo into cells, leading to more diverse and effective treatments for rare diseases.
Dr. Mina Sedrak has received a $3.6 million NIH grant to develop strategies for improving physical recovery and reducing frailty in older adults after hematopoietic cell transplantation. The grant will support a multisite randomized clinical trial testing the effectiveness of combining exercise with a senolytic therapy in improving phy...
Noah Golowich wins the Hertz Thesis Prize for his work on stable outcomes in game theory and reinforcement learning. His thesis,
A study combining three brain scans found a higher number of dopamine D2 receptors in autistic brains, suggesting a link between the dopamine system and autism. The researchers also found that the dopamine system affects communication between brain regions differently in autistic participants.
Patients with heart failure, caregivers, and providers are open to mobile health (MIH) adoption, but financial and regulatory challenges hinder its reach and sustainability. MIH programs can reduce ED transports, but their financial viability is constrained by Medicare's transport-based EMS reimbursement structure.
Researchers develop technology to capture 3D molecular snapshots of hair follicles and reconstruct time to visualize organ formation. By analyzing hair follicle development, scientists may gain insights into congenital conditions and develop new treatments for hair loss.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found that depression stalls neurogenesis in the adult brain's hippocampus, impairing pattern separation and memory recall. The study identified molecular programs controlling neurogenesis, which may lead to new therapies for depression.
Researchers propose a reconfigurable ferroelectric chiral nanostructure for fast-switchable optical differentiation, achieving remarkable performances in edge detection. The device can switch between optical differentiation and bright-field imaging, with a switching time of 62 microseconds.
The RACER-Knee trial found that robotic-assisted knee replacement surgery resulted in similar patient outcomes as traditional surgery, including recovery, mobility, and pain levels. Despite increased precision, the technology did not translate to improved patient outcomes within the first year after surgery.
A large-scale expansion of offshore wind energy could lead to increased precipitation over offshore wind farm areas, while precipitation in adjacent coastal regions could decrease. This is due to wind turbines extracting part of the wind's kinetic energy and increasing atmospheric turbulence.
Researchers suggest that targeting tiny protein aggregates known as oligomers, which form early in the disease process, may lead to breakthroughs in treating protein-misfolding diseases. Oligomers are increasingly believed to drive cellular damage, and their early formation may be more toxic than large protein deposits.
New research reveals that shipwrecks from WWI and WWII are leaking toxic chemicals into the North Sea, polluting the local ecosystem. The wrecks, including the German submarine UC-30, contain explosives that are harming starfish, mussels, and other marine life.
Research shows that young Bewick's swans that lose their parents during winter migration have a significantly lower survival rate, dropping from 86% to 40%. The study highlights the importance of family ties for migration and survival in these long-lived social birds.
Researchers have discovered that iron hydride may become superionic under Earth's inner-core conditions, with hydrogen moving through a solid iron lattice. This finding provides new insights into the composition and dynamics of Earth's deep interior, and has implications for our understanding of the core's formation and evolution.
Goutham Menon, a renowned expert in social work education, has been appointed interim dean of the UTA School of Social Work. Under his leadership, the school continues to thrive, with record-setting achievements in research, student success, and community engagement.
The Skala AI model, developed by Microsoft Research AI for Science, is now available through the CP2K software ecosystem. CASUS and Microsoft Research collaborated to integrate Skala into CP2K, enabling more accurate quantum mechanical simulations of larger molecular systems. The collaboration aims to improve the accuracy and efficienc...
Researchers found that alveolar type 2 cells mount slower interferon-driven antiviral defenses than type 1 cells, enabling higher viral replication in the alveoli. This study provides new insights into the primary site of influenza virus damage and opens up potential targets for antiviral therapy.
A new method allows for the simulation of giant dense polymer systems on an unprecedented scale, revealing concentrated entanglements in localized knots and links. This breakthrough enables the study of dense chain systems beyond idealized polymer physics.
A new study reveals that climate change can lead to a significant increase in wheat prices, with severe water scarcity being a key driver. The researchers found that wheat prices are more closely linked to water scarcity than other crops, and that compound drought events are expected to become more common in a warmer climate.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine identified two pathways that can be targeted to treat transdifferentiated prostate tumors. Using a combination of BET bromodomain and DNMT inhibitors, the growth of prostate cancer cell lines and tumors in mice was suppressed, reversing gene expression changes and reducing tumor growth.
A recent study found that sleep traits significantly increase the risk of hemorrhoidal disease, with insomnia being a major contributor. The analysis suggests that sleep disruption acts primarily as a driver of hemorrhoidal pathology, rather than a consequence.
A new study found that microgravity causes the lower eyelid to rise in astronauts, altering corneal topography and vision. The phenomenon, known as reverse ptosis, was observed in 62% of astronauts, with changes similar to those seen in short-term parabolic flights.
China's ozone pollution has increased despite PM2.5 declines, with urban areas under VOC-limited conditions; large-scale NOx reduction is a proposed near-term control strategy. Ambient ozone direct catalytic decomposition coatings can deliver localized ozone removal at a lower projected economic cost.
LASIK surgery shows moderate improvement in quality of life but higher patient satisfaction rates compared to contact lenses. Complication rates are lower for LASIK, but dry eye issues are more prevalent with both methods.
A new method has been developed to increase tar yield from low-rank coal, resulting in improved fuel quality and reduced unwanted reactions. By redirecting volatile compounds towards a cooler central zone, the researchers were able to limit secondary cracking and increase total tar yield by approximately 8.5%.
Minimally invasive laryngeal surgery has shifted toward precision functional preservation with high-definition endoscopy and updated laser systems. Surgical strategies prioritize vocal function reconstruction with optimized microflap techniques and autologous tissue grafts.
The OSPREY trial found that proximal hypoglossal nerve stimulation significantly improved apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. The treatment has expanded eligible patient populations and is now approved for use in the US.
The True Grit program, a Rutgers Health study, evaluates a model for supporting independence in young people with spinal cord injuries as they transition from high school to adulthood. Participants in the 2024 cohort demonstrated progress toward their individual goals, with gains seen in participation scores and emotional resilience.
A study by the University of Oxford has identified the brain mechanisms that help us work out whether the consequences we experience are caused by our own actions or by circumstances beyond our control. The study found that confidence in our own decisions and estimates of external circumstances provide important clues.
Researchers developed a versatile hydrogel platform that enables the design of customised biomaterials for tissue engineering, disease modelling, and regenerative medicine. The platform preserves the functionality of incorporated biomolecules and supports high cell viability, enabling the creation of tissue-specific environments.
Uwe Wolfrum's research on Usher syndrome aims to prevent vision loss in patients with the disorder. His team uses human retinal organoids and pig models to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the disease, paving the way for gene-based therapies.
Developing new complex medical conditions is associated with higher disenrollment rates among Medicare Advantage beneficiaries, particularly to traditional Medicare. States with Medigap guaranteed issue and community rating protections have higher disenrollment rates among beneficiaries with multiple new conditions.
A telemedicine-supported home-injection model for patients with breast cancer has shown to reduce treatment burden by improving convenience and saving time. Most patients who completed home injections chose to continue this approach beyond the pilot, but barriers such as insurance denials and higher copayments may limit its broader imp...
The Brexit referendum led to a sustained decline in EU-origin health care worker immigration to the UK, despite recruitment from non-EU countries. Policymakers should consider the impact of policy uncertainty, substitution dynamics, and global health equity when making decisions.