Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
SUNY Chancellor King visited the Great New York State Fair, showcasing participating SUNY campuses and offering free admission to current and incoming students. The event highlights SUNY's agricultural, healthcare, and technology initiatives.
Researchers discover a natural compound ascr#18 that primes plants to fight pathogens more effectively, increasing resistance without sacrificing growth and development. The treatment, effective in various crops, provides a promising solution for global food security and sustainability.
The Railway and Infrastructure Laboratory (RaIL) at Graz University of Technology allows for realistic testing of complete track systems, investigating load-bearing capacity and durability. This enables research into track structure interactions and the effects of environmental conditions on durability.
Scientists have developed a new acoustic levitation technique using an ultrasonic beam capable of levitating and moving small objects in mid-air over distances of up to 40cm. The technique, which uses a zero-order Bessel beam, enables stable levitation six times further than previously achieved using conventional methods.
Joachim Groß, a process engineer, has received an ERC Advanced Grant to develop an open-source system that combines empirical and physical models for predicting complex chemical processes. The system aims to overcome the limitations of current models and provide a high degree of precision for both science and industry.
Numerical experiments show that parameterization of orographic gravity wave drag reduces rainfall intensity overestimation and improves forecast accuracy. The study suggests current OGWD parameterization schemes require further improvements to achieve greater forecasting accuracy.
A Peking University team developed a homogenized gridded climate dataset for China, removing non-climatic signals from traditional meteorological observations. The dataset helps detect and attribute climate change, overcoming difficulties in correcting gradual and abrupt inhomogeneities.
A new study reveals a 3,307% increase in recreational drug ingestions among young children from 2000 to 2024, with most ingestions involving cannabinoids. The ingestion rate of marijuana edibles increased by 2,349% from 2015 to 2024, driven by the rapid growth of marijuana edibles and state legalization of cannabis.
A new study from the University of East Anglia found that people who swim in rivers and lakes are more than twice as likely to develop skin problems. Higher levels of bacteria linked to faecal pollution are also associated with an increased risk of stomach bugs. The study, which analyzed data from 2,368 volunteers, found that swimmers ...
University Hospitals has received American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines - Stroke awards for its commitment to ensuring timely, appropriate treatment for stroke patients. The hospital has achieved high levels of quality care, including door-to-needle times of 45 minutes or less for 75% of patients.
Researchers found that personalized content from social media algorithms can negatively impact users' mental health by reinforcing negative emotions and thoughts. The study suggests that educating people on critical social media engagement behaviors can help mitigate this effect.
A new study found that a more diverse plant-based diet is associated with lower BMI, higher HDL cholesterol, and better overall diet quality. Consuming a wider variety of plants per week was linked to improved gut microbiome scores and higher fibre intake.
A study by Yale University ecologists found that 16% of Mexico's habitat is covered by protected areas, but overlaps increase when including wildlife management units and Indigenous territories. The analysis highlights the need for a diverse mosaic of conservation areas to protect carnivores, with priority areas identified for expansion.
A new study reveals that pre-cancerous blood cells can actively reshape the bone marrow environment, creating conditions that favor their growth and increasing the risk of blood cancer. By targeting the aging bone marrow environment, scientists may be able to slow down or prevent blood cancers before they arise.
NY Creates will receive $1.25 million to support research, technology scaling, and workforce development in quantum computing. The institute aims to overcome significant barriers to practical quantum computing by developing techniques for fabricating hardware and education programs.
The partnership aims to advance additive manufacturing for critical energy challenges, including nuclear energy and broader energy infrastructure. SRNL and 3D Systems will jointly pursue advancements in materials development, equipment enhancements, and workforce development training.
Corals hosting heat-tolerant algae are more resistant to heat stress, but their immune systems are suppressed, making them more prone to disease. This trade-off helps explain why some corals appear more resilient but struggle to survive in complex environments.
A new clinical decision support tool, FRACTURE-ML, identifies people at high hip fracture risk using existing health registers and avoids patient-reported information. It has the potential to become an important tool for preventive care, potentially identifying nearly seven times as many people at risk of hip fracture.
New research explores monarch butterfly conservation in rangelands and the effectiveness of state regulations for controlling invasive species. Studies reveal that ungrazed pastures support more milkweed and monarch eggs than grazed sites, highlighting the need for selective approaches to conservation.
Researchers at CU Anschutz and Indiana University School of Medicine identified a biological process that explains how colorectal cancer can cause severe muscle and bone loss. Blocking the production of a protein called IGFBP1 helped preserve muscle and bone, improving muscle strength in laboratory and preclinical models.
Researchers at the University of Michigan found that older adults who experienced food insecurity in both midlife and later life had nearly four times the risk of probable dementia. Food insecurity was concentrated among those who experienced it later in life, rather than midlife alone, suggesting a strong association between later-lif...
Researchers created a self-stratified stretchable passive cooling interface that reduces temperature in wearable electronics. The interface, composed of aluminum-oxide-rich and liquid-metal-rich layers, combines external-blocking and internal-dissipation functions, improving cooling performance.
Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing store-operated calcium entry and downregulating STIM1/Orai1/NFAT3 signaling pathway, ultimately inhibiting the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Quzhou Fructus Aurantii ethyl acetate extract (QFAEE) significantly ameliorates liver enlargement, lipid accumulation, and liver injury in MASH models. It activates the PPARalpha signaling pathway, upregulating CPT1A and downregulating lipogenic markers.
Researchers found that using the loose side of thin wood sheets as the tension surface reduces stress concentration and improves bending performance. This technique resulted in significant cost savings and waste reduction, making it an attractive alternative to traditional reinforcement methods.
A 2-year multicenter cohort study found that most hospitalized survivors maintained or regained cognitive function after Omicron infection, while older and reinfected patients may face progressive decline. The study identified age, infection history, and disease severity as risk factors for progressive decline.
Researchers developed a method to enrich EVs from whole blood, capturing complementary biological information lost in plasma or serum analysis. This approach may support deeper investigation of disease mechanisms and discovery of circulating biomarkers.
UM171 molecule helps retain stem cell properties, stimulating multiplication, and exploits protein KBTBD4 to break down important protein structure CoREST. This mechanism is also affected by mutations in KBTBD4 gene, linked to aggressive brain tumours in children.
MDS26 focuses on high-dimensional data analysis, scalability, and parallel algorithms, highlighting advances in mathematical and computational methods. Researchers and practitioners will engage with emerging ideas, share insights, and define the next generation of mathematics for data science.
Researchers demonstrate optical Magnus effect in trapped calcium ion, affecting laser control in quantum computers, with potential for complex computations and precise qubit coupling. The effect's magnitude depends solely on the wavelength of the light, not the laser's focus.
Researchers at Boston Medical Center and Boston University have developed a scalable method for generating CD4+ helper T cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), overcoming a longstanding challenge in the development of stem cell-based immunotherapies. This breakthrough could help advance efforts to create off-the-shelf CAR-T...
Researchers at MIT developed bifur-circuits, a new type of shape-changing smart device that can be reconfigured to form different shapes and maintain electrical connections. These interactive building blocks can be used to create adaptable smart devices, such as assistive furniture and reconfigurable robotic grippers.
Mayo Clinic joins a consortium to develop affordable, scalable gene-editing therapies for children with rare inherited immune disorders. Researchers will use CRISPR-based technologies to repair disease-causing errors in blood-forming stem cells.
A new UC Irvine study suggests that social media posts can reveal where Californians may be most vulnerable to extreme heat. Researchers analyzed 24,598 heat-related posts on Twitter, finding correlations between housing, transportation, and life impacts on the effects of heat.
The conference focuses on mathematical issues in imaging, expanding its reach in science and medicine. Challenges span multiple disciplines, including physics, engineering, mathematics, and data science.
Scientists at UCSF QBI mapped 1,800 protein interactions across 100 autism risk genes, revealing how diverse genetic mutations converge on shared molecular pathways. The study provides a framework for designing medicines that target multiple genetic forms of autism simultaneously, offering advantages in brain delivery and tolerability.
Researchers found that theta oscillations during learning predicted which experiences were remembered after sleep, and this pattern was associated with better memory performance. The study suggests that the brain may use theta oscillations to 'tag' experiences for later memory consolidation during sleep.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed a next-generation RNA therapeutic approach that can treat a wide range of genetic diseases by helping cells read through premature stop signals. The approach, centered on transfer RNA, has shown promise in laboratory and preclinical models of cystic fibrosis, and may be combined w...
A machine-learning tool built from Swedish national health registry data can predict hip fracture risk with high accuracy and identify individuals at high risk without in-person assessment. The tool performed nearly seven times better than current screening methods in identifying at-risk individuals.
A University of Michigan study found that El Niño events have become nearly 40% stronger in the last 40 years than in the pre-industrial era. The study, which examined modern and ancient corals in the Galápagos Islands, found that El Niño events in the last four decades were stronger than any in the 1,000 years prior to about 1850.
Researchers analyzed 22 gecko species to track sex chromosome origins in real time, revealing a 'sex chromosome birth pulse' linked to climate disruption. Geckos' diverse sex chromosomes are influenced by climate, genomic predisposition, and selective pressure.
The grant will support QBI's role in ARIA's Protein-Protein Interactions Hub, mapping disrupted protein complexes and developing mechanism-based small molecule medicines. The work aims to move from fundamental science to therapeutic discovery for people with autism and others on the spectrum.
The 2026 vehicle emissions standard rollback is founded on faulty assumptions, according to a recent study. The analysis hinges on incorrect valuation of fuel savings, which results in billions of dollars in benefits being removed from vehicle emissions standards. A new framework for translating consumer behavior into cost-benefit anal...
Researchers found that 92% of magnitude-3-or-greater injection-induced earthquakes were preceded by detectable foreshocks. Foreshock productivity and patterns reflect the interplay between fluid injection, seismogenic index, and fault stress state.
A new therapy using chemically enhanced suppressor tRNAs and lung-targeted delivery restores CFTR protein production and function in models of cystic fibrosis. The approach overcomes challenges of inefficient readthrough and immunogenicity, offering a promising treatment for the genetic disorder.
A 1,000-year record from Galápagos corals shows El Niño is intensifying due to climate change, with ENSO variability 37% higher than during the preindustrial era. This increase in El Niño events poses growing risks to ecosystems, infrastructure, and human societies.
Researchers at the University of York have uncovered the neural mechanism that instructs the brain to prioritize and strengthen important memories during sleep. This 'tagging' mechanism, linked to a specific brainwave pattern, helps the brain filter out irrelevant details and retain key experiences.
Researchers discovered that SGLT2 inhibitors activate PANK1, a key enzyme that boosts energy production and improves heart function in heart failure patients. Increasing CoA production improved the ability of human heart cells to contract and relax, two critical functions impaired in heart failure.
A new stepwise evaporation method called Step-Eva has been developed to reduce contact resistance in transistors. This process enables the direct in situ growth of single-crystal metal films on semiconductors, promoting atomic diffusion and facilitating lateral domain coalescence. The resulting single-crystal metal contacts exhibit low...
The conflict in Iran is driving people away from fossil fuels, with the world less economically reliant on them. Effective solutions include deep investments in clean energy, public transportation, and urban planning, as well as emergency measures like cash transfers and targeted assistance for low-income households.
Researchers trained AI on stick insect walking cycle to find optimal walking strategy, resulting in a six-legged robot that can navigate treacherous terrain and adapt to missing limbs. The approach allows for cheaper and faster robot production, enabling potential disaster response applications.
A research team tracked the crystallization process of HZO thin films in real-time, revealing that oxygen vacancies affect the material's performance. Films with fewer oxygen vacancies crystallized at lower temperatures and formed the ferroelectric phase required for information storage more favorably.
A team of researchers observed a fish-prawn hybrid, Scalicus engyceros, walking backward in the deep sea. The creature's unique features, including its pectoral-fin rays and barbels, enable it to sense prey and balance during walking and swimming.
Researchers have estimated that the unknown absorber in Venus's clouds must absorb light very efficiently, occur at a high concentration, or both, with a required decadic absorption coefficient reaching approximately 1,278 cm-1 at 375 nm. This suggests that highly absorbing conjugated organic molecules could be the culprit, but the stu...
The SIBAF project at GSI/FAIR aims to develop innovative fusion materials and accelerator technology for future fusion power plants. The €9.7 million funding will support the creation of a unique accelerator-based infrastructure for rapid material qualification.
A team of scientists developed a high-throughput platform to fabricate optical neural networks at visible wavelengths, achieving record speeds and low energy consumption. Four million neurons were printed on a millimeter-scale chip in just 15 minutes.
Researchers developed graded membranes to separate complex hydrocarbons mixtures into valuable products. The strategy demonstrated molecular-level fractionation of light naphtha, achieving a recovery rate of 85-90% and reducing energy consumption by 91% compared to conventional distillation.
Researchers at Charité report significant success in treating severe rheumatoid arthritis with CD19 CAR T cells, reducing disease activity and promoting sustained remission in patients. The treatment targets disease-driving B cells, allowing the immune system to reset and eliminate harmful antibodies.
The MDPI Subject Workshop: Microelectronics, Microsystems, Sensors, and Their Applications will explore a broad range of topics, including microelectronics, microsystems, sensors, and their applications. Researchers and industry professionals will gather to exchange knowledge and discuss emerging technologies.
The integration of carbon dots with nanowires overcomes aggregation issues, enabling precise spectral filtering and optical confinement for enhanced photoluminescence. This scalable host-guest architecture offers a powerful platform for nanophotonic light sources in sensing, communication, and quantum technologies.
A review by Professor Di Wang and Dr. Zheyu Chi proposes a conceptual framework in which immunometabolism is shaped by the local repair niche, influencing tissue repair trajectories. Organ-specific metabolic microenvironments uniquely shape immune cell function, necessitating targeted therapeutic interventions.
A team of scientists has successfully synthesized four distinct topological architectures, including a molecular-tweezer-like compound and an 8<sub>18</sub> knot, through coordination-angle-controlled self-assembly. The research establishes a novel platform for developing functional materials with exceptional photothermal conversion pr...
A new study examines death-related conceptual metaphors employed by neurosurgeon Paul Kalanithi in his memoir, shedding light on how he depicted death after being diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. The research reveals that Kalanithi predominantly conceptualizes death as a transition or movement, followed by a negative presence.
Researchers at JAX-NYSCF will create and share human stem cell models to better understand Parkinson's disease development. The team aims to create a shared platform of rigorously validated models, data, and protocols to accelerate therapeutic discovery.
Researchers developed a microneedle patch that can detect early signs of kidney injury, stabilizing biomolecules in high-heat settings. The patch, coated with a metal-organic framework, preserves NGAL antibodies, a clinically validated biomarker for kidney damage.
A new study by ZOE found that 83% of participants lost weight in 12-15 weeks by following personalized food advice, without relying on calorie counting or restrictive dieting. The average weight loss was 3 kg, with 34% achieving a 5% body weight loss, considered clinically meaningful.
Wei Xu, a Marshall University researcher, has received two NIH grants to investigate new approaches for combating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. His projects focus on CAUTIs and Group A Streptococcus skin infections, with potential breakthroughs in biomarkers and therapies that prevent biofilm formation.
Researchers developed packing models that incorporate item priority, location, and weight distribution to optimize spatial usage and improve efficiencies in logistics and storage. The models provide fast and high-quality solutions to packing challenges in military and real-world applications.
A new study casts doubt on a leading theory linking dark matter and stellar streams, revealing that the host galaxy itself plays a significant role in shaping these streams. The simulations show that the structure of the galaxy causes irregularities in the streams, which could be mistaken for dark matter's gravitational tug.
Researchers have provided the first experimental evidence that strong magnetic fields surrounding active stars can completely suppress coronal mass ejections. This discovery helps explain why CMEs are rarely observed on stars other than the Sun.
When multiple evolutionary paths are equally advantageous, organisms tend to drift toward flatter regions of the evolutionary landscape, favoring traits that provide greater robustness and tolerance. This suggests that biological robustness and resilience can emerge spontaneously through evolutionary dynamics.
Portland State University has been awarded a $5.9 million NSF grant to accelerate research translation and strengthen the regional economy. The grant aims to close the gap between research strength and industry needs, with a focus on artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and transportation.
Researchers used AI to solve a decades-old fluid mechanics problem in five weeks, but found that the AI made subtle errors along the way. The breakthrough could improve how scientists study nanoparticles, but highlights the need for careful validation of AI-generated work.
NeuroSyn decodes movement intentions and tracks nerve recovery in real-time, capturing continuous recovery dynamics. The device achieves high signal-to-noise ratio and accurate motor intention decoding, making it a potential tool for exoskeleton-based rehabilitation.
Researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed a novel technique to manufacture nanoscale sensors, allowing for mass production in conventional semiconductor plants. The method, likened to uprooting a tree stump, creates nanopores in thin membranes for DNA analysis and molecule detection.
Researchers used directed evolution to boost bacterial tolerance to industrial spray-drying, improving survival by 1000-fold. The genetic basis of this newfound toughness was linked to a mutation in the pepC gene, which truncates the protein and likely abolishes its enzymatic activity.
Researchers have documented glycan-glycan interactions between gangliosides and their impact on EGF receptor dimerization and activation. This study provides a new mechanism regulating EGFR activity, which may have implications for future cancer research.
Transparent ferroelectric ceramics face trade-offs between transparency and functionality due to multiscale structural features. Strategies such as pressure-assisted sintering, grain refinement, and domain engineering can reduce optical scattering, but may alter polarization switching, piezoelectric activity, and thermal stability.
Phosvitin phosphopeptides from chicken egg yolks demonstrate strong antioxidative and neuroprotective effects, reducing ROS and increasing cell viability in SH-SY-5Y cells. Further research is needed to confirm their value as potential food/nutraceutical ingredients and determine their dosage and safety in humans and animals.
Researchers found that a combination of sucrose and supercritical carbon dioxide can improve egg white protein foam's foaming ability and stability. The treatment increases foaming capacity and preserves stability, enabling better freeze-thaw resistance in liquid egg white products.
A study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that nearly 1 in 3 women in their 20s have never been screened for cervical cancer, with 45% of this age group unvaccinated against HPV. The trend is particularly concerning among uninsured women, those living in the South, and racial minorities.
A low-carb ketogenic diet was found to improve liver health and blood sugar control more significantly than other diets, reducing liver fat by 67% and lowering blood glucose measurements by 20%. The study suggests that weight loss alone is not enough to combat metabolic health risks and that dietary choice remains an important factor.
A clinical trial found that a ketogenic diet significantly improves metabolic health in people with obesity, with 50% of participants no longer meeting the criteria for prediabetes. The diet also showed the greatest improvements in liver health and insulin sensitivity.
A UCLA study found that patients with cancer who used biosimilars had lower average monthly costs for insurers and patients, with savings of $3,820 for insurers and $39.50 for patients. The study also found that biosimilar entry led to lower prices and declining market share for the original branded biologic drugs.
The study found that cervical cancer screening rates among US women increased for both age groups 21-29 years and 30-65 years between 2005-2023. Sociodemographic disparities were also identified in the study, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve screening rates among underrepresented groups.
A quality improvement study found that a publicly available MRSA prevention program toolkit materials were associated with a 65% decrease in hospital-onset MRSA bacteremia laboratory-identified events. The study included 106 ICUs and 87 non-ICUs from 94 hospitals and involved a 2.3 event reduction per 10,000 patient-days
Researchers have developed a genetic toolkit to isolate individual neuron types in a fruit fly brain, revealing distinct neuronal subgroups that produce different effects, including suppressing aggression. The study identifies a universal control of aggression across sexes and highlights the complex roles of neurons within the same neu...
Researchers have developed a vehicle-mounted spectroscopy system that can reliably detect methane in real time while driving. The system uses mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy to detect gases and can be used to locate hidden methane emissions across large areas.
Native Hawaiian women have the highest breast cancer incidence in the US, with a 27% higher rate than White women. The American Cancer Society report highlights the need for tailored interventions to address cancer disparities among Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander populations.
A study found that AI analysis of mammograms can identify features indicative of hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke in women. This could lead to early detection and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in midlife women who undergo routine breast cancer screening.
A new study suggests that machine learning models using first-trimester pregnancy data can identify women and babies at risk of serious health problems earlier and more accurately than existing early risk assessment approaches. The models generally outperformed the current methods in Sweden, Chile, and Singapore, highlighting the poten...
Researchers found that scented cleaning products form nanoparticles in the air, which can travel deep into the lungs, posing respiratory risks. The particles are formed quickly, taking just minutes to form and grow, and can pose health risks even after cleaning is completed.
Parasitic plants, such as dodders, steal genes from other plants and remodel them over time, retaining their original function. This process, known as horizontal gene transfer, allows the plant to adapt and survive, with the gene becoming an integral part of its genome.
A comprehensive guide to the native reptiles of the Turks and Caicos Islands has been published after 20 years of collaborative fieldwork. The guide documents 11 native species, eight of which are found nowhere else on Earth, and includes original photographs, distribution information, and conservation assessments.
A team of scientists discovered that fleeting sugar pairings in cell membranes regulate epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, reducing unwanted cell division and potentially inhibiting cancer growth. This new mechanism reveals the importance of transient molecular interactions in maintaining membrane stability and regulating cell...
A protein that sticks cells together has been found to also help engulf dead cells, a discovery that could lead to new clues for understanding chronic inflammatory conditions. The study found that the 'tissue glue' helps cells adapt to swallow dead cells, which are a major cause of inflammation.
A new multi-ancestry polygenic risk score (PRS) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) outperforms previous models, especially in genetically diverse groups. The PRS was associated with cognitive decline, memory performance, and brain imaging traits, providing a more accurate prediction of AD risk.
A new guideline from the American Stroke Association emphasizes the importance of early, individualized rehabilitation to help survivors of stroke regain independence and quality of life. The comprehensive approach addresses physical, cognitive, communication, and emotional challenges throughout recovery.
NYU Langone Health has appointed Sunil Rao, MD, and Susheel Kodali, MD, as directors of the Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology and interventional cardiology, respectively. Dr. Rao will oversee a nationally ranked cardiology program, while Dr. Kodali will lead the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory and expand treatment options for p...
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University developed a unique 'cut-to-fuse' strategy for molecular skeletal editing, transforming hydroxycoumarins into coumaranones under mild conditions. The method, published in JACS Au, demonstrates a new route to molecular scaffold construction, offering a valuable tool for medicinal chemistry.
Seoul National University researchers use probabilistic fracture mechanics to assess pipe rupture frequency in nuclear power plants, accounting for degradation mechanisms and individual parameters. The study highlights the importance of inspections in reducing rupture frequency, and the results can help engineers identify key factors g...
Researchers at UT San Antonio have found a way to create tiny clusters of disordered atoms that move oxygen ions more easily at lower temperatures, boosting fuel cell efficiency and durability. The breakthrough could help make fuel cells cheaper, more durable and easier to use outside the lab.
Researchers from Pusan National University developed an injectable system to deliver radiation directly within keloid tissue, providing a minimally invasive approach to treat abnormal scars. The microgels enabled rapid and efficient radiolabeling, and therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated in mice carrying patient-derived keloid tissue.
The study provides a practical framework for choosing biodiesel feedstocks by weighing climate impact and air pollution, offering solutions for climate change mitigation. Waste-derived feedstocks demonstrated lower GHG emissions, while plant-based options had varying pollution levels, highlighting the importance of considering air-poll...
A prospective multicenter study found the EAP regimen delivered outstanding mobilization effects, achieving 90.8% optimal mobilization in patients. The regimen showed good clinical tolerability, with most hematological toxicities well managed, and presented a practical alternative to conventional mobilization strategies.
A policy analysis by Hasanuddin University reveals that Indonesia's shift from gradual rehabilitation to stricter enforcement has not fully addressed the underlying drivers of oil palm expansion in state forest zones. The study argues that sustainable forest restoration can only be achieved when environmental protection is pursued alon...
Researchers develop a novel framework, LL-Refiner, to enhance high-resolution images in poor lighting conditions, outperforming state-of-the-art techniques. The framework uses a coarse enhancement stage to guide the recovery of fine details, resulting in improved visual quality and performance in downstream computer-vision tasks.
Researchers develop adaptive multi-expert framework for dynamic 3D reconstruction, combining strengths of multiple motion representations to improve reconstruction quality. The framework leverages complementary experts to handle heterogeneous dynamics, enabling more accurate reconstruction of complex scenes.
Txn1 mutant rats exhibit severe kidney deterioration, with hallmarks of human CKD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. The study identifies a link between chronic thioredoxin deficiency and CKD progression, suggesting promising therapeutic approaches.
A study reveals how a primate-specific DNA change can trigger dementia-related neurodegeneration by disrupting zinc balance and Golgi function. Researchers used human stem cell-derived brain organoids to investigate the mechanism, which was associated with Alzheimer's disease in postmortem brain tissue.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology has released a film highlighting the importance of clinical trials in cancer research, featuring the story of a lung cancer patient who participated in a trial. The film emphasizes the human element of research and explores how individual participation contributes to progress in cancer care.
A new study published in the Journal of the COPD Foundation suggests that women with a shorter reproductive lifespan are at greater risk of developing bronchiectasis. The study of nearly 97,000 postmenopausal women found that hormone therapy use was associated with a 19% greater risk of bronchiectasis.
A meta-analysis of 91,339 trial participants found that patients with higher adherence to antihypertensive medication experienced significant reductions in systolic blood pressure and major cardiovascular disease events. In contrast, patients with lower adherence showed little to no cardiovascular benefit
Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have been awarded $2.5 million to adapt their nanoparticle vaccine research to treat existing cancer. The prime-pull approach will deliver immune-activating medicines to both lymph nodes and tumors to create a robust immune response.
A study found that yellow-morph green sea turtles in the Galápagos prefer to stay in shallow coastal waters and rarely venture far from a single island. The turtles' home ranges varied greatly, but most preferred to stay within 1,498 sq km of their starting point.
Researchers from the University of Osaka found that a protein associated with amyloidogenic light chain disease forms amyloid in areas of constrained geometry when subjected to shear stress. This study, published in FEBS Journal, suggests that mechanical pressure and chemical inhibitors may help dissolve amyloids.
Researchers develop SIHNO to predict stress fields in porous metamaterials, combining geometric symmetry with Hamiltonian-inspired energy structure. The model outperforms existing approaches, achieving low absolute error and relative L2 error, and maintaining millisecond-level inference speed.
A study by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine found that cancer-specific messages paired with AI-generated visuals draw more attention and stronger intentions to cut back on drinking. The study showed that messages named particular cancers performed better than broad warnings about cancer risk.
A new study found that some Fijian native bee populations have evolved to resist human-driven environmental changes, contrary to the global trend of declining pollinators. The study suggests that forest clearing and introduced plant species can increase nesting opportunities for these bees, particularly in lower elevation areas.
A team of northern New England universities has been awarded $5.9 million to advance snow research and explore connections between winter weather and the outdoor recreation economy in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The project will unify snow monitoring equipment and weather station networks to improve computer model simulations an...
The study, conducted in Northern Ireland schools, found that lockable pouches led to a reduction in smartphone use, improved classroom behaviour, and decreased anxiety and depression symptoms among students. However, challenges in implementation, such as inconsistent enforcement and damage to pouches, were identified.
A recent survey found that only 20% of men are aware of the potential prostate cancer risk associated with dairy consumption. The survey also showed that 66% of men plan to avoid dairy products after learning about the risk. A meta-analysis of 32 studies supports the link between high dairy intake and increased prostate cancer risk.
Researchers from NUS and Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered that Samarium-based nickelates can regain superconducting ability under strong magnetic fields. This reentrant superconductivity persists beyond 60 tesla, a significant breakthrough for practical superconducting technologies.
A new study suggests that tax incentives, known as 'Megadeals,' can increase innovation among nearby businesses and create fertile ground for startups. The study found a 3.3-4.9% increase in patent filings in counties with Megadeals, resulting in two to three additional patents each year.
Researchers at the University of Osaka developed novel chiral hole-transport materials that improve perovskite solar cells with strong chirality-induced spin selectivity. The materials showed spin polarization reaching about 60% and a power conversion efficiency of 20.64% in cells treated with the homochiral material.
A study found that overuse of reliever inhalers increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, heart attack, and ischemic stroke, in asthma and COPD patients. Using three or more inhalers per year is associated with increased risk of death, particularly in patients without a prior history of cardiovascular disease.
A recent HKUST study found that inter-city collaboration on emission reduction can improve overall sustainability performance by more than 10% through improved regional and global strategies. The study analyzed 4,116 cities and 11 years of data, highlighting the importance of cross-city cooperation in reducing pollution and greenhouse ...
Scientists at Saitama University developed multifunctional UV-protective food-packaging films by upcycling polyamide microplastics into defect-engineered carbon quantum dots. The films exhibit transparency, flexibility, and UV-blocking performance, reducing food loss and improving product quality.
A new stem-insect species, Chosha praecursor, reveals that insects did not immediately become fully terrestrial after colonizing land. Instead, they retained and remodeled ancestral aquatic features and passed through a prolonged semi-aquatic, amphibious phase.
A new MOF-coated catalyst creates a local reaction environment, concentrating CO2 near copper single-atom reaction sites and enhancing CO conversion. The catalyst produces CO at approximately five times the rate of pristine BaTiO3 under ultrasonic vibration.
Researchers from Sophia University quantitatively evaluated the extent to which matter produced in oxygen collisions reaches thermal equilibrium. They found a clear transition as collision activity increased, with a persistent non-equilibrated component persisting even in the most central collisions.
A team of Korean researchers has created a miniaturized wireless brain implant that can deliver drugs and light to precisely modulate targeted neurons remotely. The device overcomes distance and location constraints, enabling long-term studies of brain disorders and therapeutic devices.
A new study published in BMJ Neurology Open suggests that temporary psychotic symptoms after seizures may be an early warning sign of future mental illness. The study found a strong link between these symptoms and psychiatric disorders, leading clinicians to consider closer mental health monitoring.
A British cardiologist and former president of the European Society of Cardiology has been found to have committed severe misconduct after receiving over £50m from lucrative drug research contracts. The investigation found that Kim Fox and his wife had served as co-directors of a contract research organisation involved in running clini...
A new study from Karolinska Institutet suggests that breast cancer classification may overlook important biological differences between patients that could affect treatment decisions. Women with tumours having low to moderate levels of estrogen receptors have poorer survival rates, highlighting the importance of precise classification.
A new approach to mental health care, Open Dialogue, has been shown to reduce hospital admissions and improve satisfaction with care. The study found that those treated with Open Dialogue had a higher odds of never being admitted to psychiatric inpatient hospital care and lower odds of re-referral to crisis care.
Caltech chemical physicists have quantitatively modeled electron interactions in real quantum materials using atomic and electronic structures. The new technique allows for accurate predictions of material properties, exceeding model-based calculations by two orders of magnitude for seven different transition-metal atoms embedded in co...
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) presents 28 studies at TCT 2026, highlighting advances in minimally invasive interventions, pharmaceutical therapies, and breakthrough technologies. Key findings include improved outcomes for patients with heart and vascular disease.
New measurements show that human-induced carbon dioxide emissions have penetrated deep into the North Atlantic, altering the ocean's isotopic signature. The Suess effect is detectable in nearly all North Atlantic water masses, with strongest signals in young, subsurface waters.
A new review suggests metformin's interactions with multiple hallmarks of aging, including cellular energy balance, nutrient-sensing pathways, and epigenetic regulation. The study identifies strong evidence for metformin's effects on aging biology, including improved insulin sensitivity and reduced oxidative stress.
Researchers found a correlation between social media use and self-reported depression, with respondents who spent at least 150 minutes on social media per day experiencing increased depression. The study suggests that social media use can have negative health effects, particularly for adults.
Researchers found that dietary tryptophan supplementation can prevent sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation, which increases phagocytic ability against bacteria. IPyA, a key metabolic product, directly binds to GPR37 on macrophages, activating RAC1/CDC42 and increasing phagocytosis.
Daraxonrasib, the first approved RAS-targeted therapy, nearly doubles median overall survival in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients, with a 60% reduced risk of death. The phase 3 RASolute 302 trial showed substantial improvement in overall survival and cancer progression compared to chemotherapy.
A new study found that online review platforms can be vulnerable to cyberattacks, which can be triggered by analyzing users' review lengths and social connections. The researchers suggest adding noise to the data to reduce the risk of identity theft and phishing attacks.
A new study suggests a simple urine test could improve kidney transplant decisions by using donor urinary biomarkers, increasing accuracy and availability of transplanted kidneys. The study found that combining these biomarkers with the widely used Kidney Donor Profile Index significantly improves prediction of transplant success.
A new study published in Neurology found that a brain scan biomarker can predict the progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia in people with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. The biomarker measured gray matter shrinkage in key brain areas, predicting faster progression and higher risk of dementia.
Researchers found a pattern of brain atrophy visible on MRI that can predict disease progression in people with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. This discovery could help clinicians identify patients likely to have a slower or faster disease course, supporting treatment and care planning.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have been approved for PCORI funding to implement healthy lifestyle interventions and metformin prescription to manage weight gain in SGA-treated youth. The project aims to increase the number of youth with overweight/obesity who are offered metformin and healthy lifestyle education.
Researchers found that longer-lived bats have higher levels of cancer-fighting genes and an immune system that can mount an overwhelming attack against infectious organisms and cancer. This discovery suggests that understanding one will help scientists understand the other.
Scripps Research will establish an open-access autonomous chemistry laboratory with a $19.5 million NSF award, advancing AI-driven discovery and education in chemistry. The lab will utilize AI and automation to streamline chemical reaction discovery and optimization, making it more efficient and accessible to a broader community.
The University of Louisville is launching the Nutrition and Metabolic Health Center to tackle chronic diseases, with a focus on prevention and new treatments. Researchers will investigate the impact of nutrition and environmental factors on health, with the goal of improving prevention and treatment options.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that a brain mutation causes cells to remain immature, leading to tumor formation in specific brain regions. This discovery may lead to therapies tailored to childhood brain cancers.
Michigan State University has received a $30 million grant to establish a turbulence research center, bringing together experts in physics, mathematics, engineering, and AI to understand and control turbulence. Researchers will focus on applications for energy, transportation, aerospace, and advanced manufacturing, with the goal of res...
A team of Weill Cornell Medicine investigators developed a computer model that helps scientists efficiently develop protein-degrading therapies. The new model could lead to more targeted treatments for cancer, particularly those with cancer-causing mutations.
Scientists at Harvard Medical School have devised a simpler method to produce new proteins without genome recoding or organisms, enabling researchers to design proteins using up to 34 amino acids. This breakthrough allows for faster, safer production of new medicines and expands protein engineering capabilities.
Research at the University of Vienna discovered that scoop-shaped pores on anther pores determine how pollen is released, with narrower, more targeted jets and faster speeds. This finding is crucial for understanding buzz-pollination and its importance in light of climate change and declining bee populations.
Researchers developed an ultralight, anisotropic SiC aerogel with a density of less than 41.8 mg/cm³, demonstrating high-temperature insulation performance. The aerogel's orientation-dependent electromagnetic absorption properties were also shown, with the perpendicular-growth sample delivering outstanding comprehensive properties.
Researchers in Germany have developed a thermographic screening approach to identify short peptide sequences that respond to carbon dioxide. The study combines combinatorial solid-phase peptide synthesis with infrared thermography, identifying two tripeptides that show reproducible thermographic responses when exposed to CO2.
Researchers observed atomic-scale double-slit interference, enabling the measurement of phonon behavior and vibration of neighboring atoms. This technique may contribute to the development of semiconductor materials with efficient heat dissipation.
Researchers discovered Stutzerimonas nitrititolerans bacteria in geese feces in China carrying carbapenem and tigecycline resistance genes. The bacteria showed high resistance to meropenem and reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. Genome sequencing revealed two distinct resistance-associated regions, one carrying bla PST-2 and the oth...
A research team has identified a novel enhancer that controls the tissue-specific expression of Scleraxis, a key transcription factor for tendon, ligament, and entheses formation. The enhancer, capable of recapitulating Scx gene expression in developing limbs, is highly conserved from lobe-finned fishes to tetrapods.
The study found that lifetime risk of developing breast cancer ranges from less than 1% in low-income countries to over 16% in wealthier nations. The risk of dying from breast cancer varies dramatically across regions, with very high HDI countries having the highest lifetime risk at 10.37%.
A study of 25 European cities found that only 11.6% of climate strategies include green spaces, despite their potential to alleviate climate change effects such as heatwaves and heavy rain. Cities prioritize measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but neglect adaptation strategies that incorporate green spaces.
A study by Edith Cowan University found that customer loyalty programs work best when retailers offer personalized benefits, provide exceptional customer service, and are transparent about their pricing. The research highlights the importance of trust, commitment, and perceived benefits in customer engagement with loyalty programs.
A global study estimates the lifetime risk of developing and dying from colorectal cancer, revealing stark disparities by country, sex, and age. The study's findings highlight the need for tailored prevention and screening strategies, with a focus on high-HDI countries and low-resource settings.
Capuchin monkeys turn to vertebrate prey during times of plant food scarcity, a pattern similar to human carnivory. Males hunt more often and prefer fat-dense tissues, suggesting a preference for brains and guts.
Two new studies from Karolinska Institutet suggest that inflammation and genetic factors may contribute to cluster headache, a rare neurological disorder characterized by severe headache attacks. The studies also found that exposure to substances in tobacco smoke may interact with biological mechanisms in the condition.
Research identifies aberrant ERBB4 expression in excitatory neurons as an early driver of Alzheimer's disease pathologies, including neuronal hyperactivity, synapse loss, and cognitive decline. Manipulating ERBB4 expression in mouse models reveals its role in driving disease features, including reactive gliosis and amyloid buildup.
A global study found widespread permafrost degradation, with increases in active layer thickness at 55% of Arctic sites and 38% of Antarctic sites. Mountain regions experienced the fastest changes, driven by Arctic warming and increasing rainfall. More monitoring is needed to understand regional drivers of permafrost change.
A University of Kansas researcher is using FDA addiction science to test the addictive properties of hyperpalatable foods. She will recruit participants and provide them with different food stimuli, then measure their responses to determine if the foods have reinforcing effects. The study aims to identify specific ingredients that boos...
A new catalyst design boosts Pt fuel-cell performance and durability, tackling the ORR trilemma with record-breaking results. The WN-metal-N-C platform provides a practical roadmap for next-gen, low-platinum fuel cells.
MIT researchers developed a framework, CrysVCD, to generate stable materials with desired properties, reducing the need for extensive screening. The approach improves material stability by 70% and supports the creation of high-performance materials, such as computer chips and data centers.
A new study by UTEP researchers found that early nicotine vapor exposure increases nicotine seeking behavior in adult male rats, even after long periods of abstinence. The study suggests that early exposure to nicotine vapor can lead to durable changes in the brain's reward system, driving nicotine-seeking behavior into adulthood.
This article highlights the collaboration between Chile's Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity and Colombia's Humboldt Institute, which aims to build a Latin American model of socioecological research. Through a series of working sessions, researchers and communities engaged in dialogue and reflection to develop a collaborative model ...
Researchers developed a risk calculator that estimates short-term risk of diabetes complications using routine health data. The tool analyzes insurance claims and electronic health record data to provide monthly, encounter-level risk estimates.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new approach to diagnose sepsis-causing bacteria in blood infections, which can rapidly identify the specific pathogens and ideal antibiotics. This new approach, called STREAM, enables faster diagnosis and treatment, potentially reducing antibiotic resistance and improving patient outcomes.
A new tool called Socratic Challenger uses AI to help undergraduate students cultivate critical thinking skills in research question development. The framework, consisting of eight steps, including AI-enabled tasks, enables students to think critically about research and develop meaningful research questions.
Four assistant professors, Yahong Yang, Sammy Luo, Lebing Chen, and Kunyan Zhang, join Binghamton University as Simons Empire Faculty Fellows, bringing expertise in quantum materials and artificial intelligence. Their research focuses on developing new technologies, including energy-efficient systems and next-generation sensing platforms.
The 21st Century Cures Act led to a significant decrease in the number of studies relied on for FDA approvals, from 3.41 to 1.39, between 2016 and 2024. This shift has raised concerns about the safety and effectiveness of new therapeutics.
Researchers combined narwhal measurements with historical oceanographic data to build a robust model showing how temperature, salinity, and depth are related. The study found that warm Atlantic Intermediate Water has become thicker, accelerating glacier melting and influencing ocean circulation and climate patterns.
A new study reveals that support from spouses and friends is crucial for successful weight loss, differing from current public health approaches. This research emphasizes the need for tailored lifestyle practices that consider individual experiences.
Researchers discovered repeated night-time bursts of hormone secretion in patients with primary aldosteronism, a hormone disorder that affects up to one in five people with high blood pressure. This approach could potentially revolutionize how we diagnose hypertension and ultimately reduce cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered evidence of cacao consumption by the Mississippian people in the 12th century at the Etowah Site in Georgia. The findings suggest that cacao was a staple at feasts in the region during this time period.
New research finds that 560 million children aged 0-9 are exposed to at least 1 additional month of heat stress due to climate change, with exposure expected to grow under further warming. The study highlights that children are disproportionately affected by heat stress, with the number of children affected projected to increase to 620...
The NHS 10 Year Health Plan fails to mention nature or biodiversity, a critical omission in mental health care and prevention strategies. The authors argue for a shift towards nature-based approaches to address the growing burden of mental health issues.
A nationally representative survey reveals that more than 4 in 10 US adults reporting childhood abuse are less likely to attend breast and cervical screenings. This disparity underscores the importance of trauma-informed healthcare approaches to improve cancer screening rates among survivors.
Researchers developed a 3D human stem cell-derived retina model to study CLN3-Batten disease, a rare inherited condition causing early vision loss and progressive neurological decline. The model showed that damage to RPE support cells can trigger photoreceptor degeneration, highlighting a complex picture of the disease.
A Northwestern University study identified 33 diagnoses associated with extreme heat exposure, including skin conditions, multiple sclerosis, and traffic accidents. The findings could help emergency departments and health care systems better prepare for heat waves, which are becoming more prevalent with climate change.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that immune responses to urinary tract infections during pregnancy are linked to preterm births. Researchers identified specific immune responses, including cytokines and immune cells, that initiate adverse outcomes. Supplementing pregnant women with interleukin-10 or trappi...
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have discovered a way to make wireless communication devices more adaptable by creating tiny distortions in a material's structure. This breakthrough could lead to smarter antennas, more efficient networks, and next-generation communication technologies.
A new study identified why men struggle with weight loss, finding traditional diet programs are often perceived as too restrictive and female-focused. Support from spouses and incorporating sport or physical activity may be key to successful weight-loss initiatives tailored for men.
A high-entropy electrode has been developed to improve the efficiency of green hydrogen production through anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis. The electrode, containing five metal elements, demonstrated excellent oxygen evolution performance and long-term stability in tests.
A non-invasive eye-tracking study reveals that gibbons gaze into the eyes when looking at others, a behavior shared with humans, great apes, and macaques. The study provides new insights into the evolutionary foundations of face perception and social information processing in primates.
The SKKU research team developed an LLM-based platform that proposes synthesis conditions and procedures for complex new materials. The platform iteratively refines itself based on experimental results, scoring an average of 4 out of 5 on key synthesis variables.
The study found that structural connectome embeddedness reveals a dynamic organizing dimension of human brain activity, where whole-brain functional activity is constrained by global structural topology. Higher CoDE values indicate stronger brain activity patterns embedded in structural connectome topology.
Researchers Dr. Laura Marie Helleckes and Dr. Bianca Schacherl receive grants from the Carl Zeiss Foundation to explore new methods for biotechnology and cancer treatment. They aim to identify scaling issues in biotech production processes and develop new spectromicroscopic platforms to analyze radioactive elements in biological samples.
The BMJH Sankalp Center for Paediatric Haematology Oncology has achieved JACIE certification, a landmark milestone for haematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy in India. This certification ensures safe and effective care for children with life-threatening blood disorders.
The synergistic use of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enhances precision and safety in brain tumor surgery. IOUS provides real-time anatomical localization, while CEUS visualizes tumor vascularization and infiltrative margins, facilitating precise resection and residual tumour detection.
Climate warming is affecting snail populations in China, linked to schistosomiasis transmission, with warming affecting snail survival and density. The study shows that seasonal temperature exposure, geography, and land use together determine where snail populations may expand or become vulnerable.
Researchers developed a cross-scale predictive framework to track emerging contaminants' behavior in rivers. The framework reveals distinct mechanistic rules for three major classes of contaminants, enabling reliable predictions and risk assessment.