Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers from NUS CDE have developed a computational framework that reconstructs the genealogy of vernacular architecture, including Singapore's historic shophouses. The framework generates a detailed architectural 'family network' that reveals how different styles evolved and interacted over time.
Scientists have discovered a new coral species growing up to 1 meter tall on rocky outcrops in the Pacific Ocean. The bright yellow coral was found thriving in large numbers among brittle stars and has been classified into a new family, Laurinqueidae.
The co-occurrence of biochar and microplastics in agricultural soils can alter soil carbon storage and inflate estimates of carbon sequestration. The review proposes an evidence-tiered measurement framework to accurately evaluate soil carbon storage.
Researchers developed a photocatalyst combining cellulose-derived carbon quantum dots and cadmium sulfide to improve light harvesting and electron movement. The optimized composite produced significantly more hydrogen per gram than unmodified CdS.
New research highlights the hidden threats of marine heatwaves on human health, including psychological impacts, respiratory problems, and eco-anxiety. The study calls for governments and public health agencies to treat marine heatwaves as a major public health issue.
The 100 Minds Screening Project provided over 100 free cognitive screenings to African Americans aged 60+, highlighting the need for better dementia diagnosis among older adults. The program connected participants with brain health planning information and services, aiming to address the dementia care gap within faith communities.
A KAIST research team has demonstrated for the first time that a porous material can arrange disordered gas molecules into a crystal-like structure. Using xenon as a model system, they identified a specific cobalt-based material that stabilizes xenon in a regular lattice, showcasing a breakthrough in gas crystallization.
A new analysis suggests that Oregon's voter-approved gun control measure led to a significant increase in firearm purchases, with thousands more firearms entering the state than would have otherwise. The study found that background checks surged nearly 14% before the election and then jumped 157% after the measure passed.
A lost letter from Pope Alexander II suggests that the Norman Conquest was shaped by a wider political and religious struggle, rather than just a dynastic dispute. The findings argue that England's support for one faction of the papal dispute may have given William's invasion legitimacy as a 'just war'.
A new study analyzing 11,500 US neighborhoods over a decade found that unauthorized immigration does not drive crime rates. Neighborhoods with growing undocumented populations saw greater reductions in property crime and no significant change in violent crime.
Researchers found that people's perception of technology as natural predicts their support, with a shift in framing prompting higher levels of trust and acceptance. Climate solutions like nuclear energy face resistance due to perceived unnaturalness, highlighting the need for effective communication strategies.
Researchers found that biochar produced from malt spent rootlets can sharply increase E. coli retention in sand, offering a potential route to cleaner water and productive reuse of brewery waste. Adding more biochar changes how bacteria are retained, shifting from physical trapping to direct attachment.
A randomized controlled trial found that first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis significantly improves walking-related pain in patients with painful hallux rigidus. The study suggests arthrodesis as a preferred treatment option for some patients, providing a greater reduction in walking-related pain and secondary outcomes.
A new study by University of Illinois scientists reveals critically low genetic variation in one of the country's primary breeding stocks for corn, specifically grain yield in intermediate-maturity hybrids. This finding poses a significant threat to maize breeders' ability to develop high-yielding hybrids under future climate challenges.
Researchers discovered that scandium doping and coating improve the durability and performance of sodium-ion batteries by stabilizing the crystal structure and suppressing side reactions. The study found that doping improves bulk stability while coating enhances surface stability, leading to improved capacity retention and long-term cy...
Alexis Grimaud, a leading researcher in battery materials chemistry, has received the National Science Foundation CAREER Award to support his work on developing new battery materials with improved energy density and scalability. His project aims to explore complex materials that can be used as battery electrode materials.
Engineers have created a bacterium that can consume all three major sugars present in corn stalks, opening up possibilities for more efficient biomanufacturing processes. The new strain of Pseudomonas putida was developed using an automated culturing platform and can potentially be used to produce valuable molecules like indigoidine.
National Jewish Health researchers identified disease-associated gene activity in macrophages and changes in immune cell communication in lung tissue. These findings may lead to targeted therapies and improved diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Researchers find that targeting Trk and IGF1R pathways can delay Ewing sarcoma tumor growth, but effect is temporary. NTRK gene expression associations with patient OS were found, indicating potential biomarker value.
Scientists created a single-cell atlas of spinal neurons to understand motor coordination and recovery from injury. The study identified a small subgroup of interneurons associated with speed, clarifying their role in controlling movement.
A recent study published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society suggests a link between exposure to phthalates and elevated blood pressure during pregnancy. Pregnant women with higher levels of fragrance-associated phthalates were found to have higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure markers, increasing their risk of hypertensive...
A new study introduces a computational framework that leverages alternative splicing events to predict protein isoform functions. The framework outperforms existing approaches and provides biological insights into how splicing shapes protein function, highlighting the importance of studying proteins at the isoform level.
Researchers analyzed patient data from five clinical trials to evaluate the impact of adding hormone therapy on postoperative radiation outcomes. While traditional pathological features can identify patients at higher risk of recurrence, they do not predict treatment benefit.
Industrial-scale illegal fishing accounts for 8-15% of global marine wild capture, with impacts unevenly distributed globally. Eliminating harmful subsidies and strengthening enforcement are key to addressing the issue.
Children who prefer to play alone but feel they belong in a larger social setting are often happy and content. In contrast, those who don't value belonging or feel like they don't fit in with their peers tend to be unhappy and dissatisfied with their relationships.
Scientists discovered that turbulence in air changes the timing of odor whiffs in systematic ways, creating patterns useful to animals. This finding bridges physics and neuroscience, with potential applications in search and rescue, hazardous chemical leaks, and mimicking animal navigation behavior.
A new study has found that women with endometriosis are at a 46% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study analyzed nearly 3 million women over 25 years and suggests that chronic inflammation associated with endometriosis may play a role in metabolic health.
Despite scientific progress, public faith in science is collapsing due to the proliferation of digital platforms and the democratization of access to information. This erodes trust as people rely on expert opinions without evaluating scientific claims for themselves.
Assistant Professor Yingxue Zhang's project aims to develop urban AI models that can efficiently process vast amounts of human-generated data to optimize commute times, traffic safety, and more. The model will utilize offline reinforcement learning to tackle spatial-temporal dynamics in urban life.
A team of researchers led by UMass Amherst believes a second, undiscovered internal clock regulates brain energy-intensive work and may link neurobiological brain function to the body's circadian clock. The three-protein clock has deep evolutionary precedent and disruption could contribute to human disease.
A new treatment framework for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been developed by a team of Johns Hopkins liver cancer experts, which provides guidance on best treatments based on tumor burden and biology. The BEACON-HCC framework incorporates emerging therapies such as external beam radiation therapy and novel combination therapies.
The partnership aims to increase enrollment in clinical trials, making research opportunities more accessible to patients. UCCCC and Lilly will work together to open studies faster and connect more patients with research opportunities.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Cancer Center have identified a previously unknown metabolic weakness in high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a discovery that could lead to more targeted treatments for this aggressive blood cancer. The study found that high-risk MDS stem cells are unusually dependent on nicotin...
Researchers found that OSKTF-mediated neuronal rejuvenation boosts rehabilitation-driven corticospinal tract (CST) repair after ischemic stroke. The study demonstrated that combining OSKTF expression with rehabilitative training significantly enhances CST axon sprouting and skilled locomotor function recovery.
In contrast to previous studies on human food-sharing practices, female Guinea baboons have diverse sources of meat and do not rely heavily on their primary males. The researchers observed that females often catch prey themselves and access alternative sources of meat.
Researchers discover that manipulating the chiral asymmetry factor of catalysts accelerates sulfur redox reactions, leading to higher capacities, superior rate capability, and remarkable long-term cycling stability in lithium-sulfur batteries.
Researchers engineered proteins to form highly reactive imidazolium intermediates, enabling precise control of molecular structures. The new family of enzymes demonstrates high selectivity and stereoselective bond formation, offering new ways for chemical synthesis.
A new study from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem examines Israel's philanthropic food-aid network, highlighting gaps in data and disparities in distribution. The researchers found significant limitations in evaluating the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of charitable aid systems.
A systematic review examined rare tumor bleeding after radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma, identifying reported symptoms and risk factors. The study highlights the need for personalized follow-up and individualized management strategies to prevent complications.
Physicists at TU Dortmund University demonstrate non-local synchronization of electron-nuclear spin oscillations, opening routes to controllable spin networks. Many time crystals can form in the same material and synchronize their oscillations, even at distances exceeding one thousand times the size of an individual oscillator.
A Rutgers Cancer Institute physician-scientist says a VA study comparing two hormone therapies for metastatic prostate cancer provides strong real-world evidence to help doctors choose the right drug for each patient. The study found that enzalutamide may offer a modest survival advantage for patients aged 75 and older.
A new study by Boston University researchers suggests that persistent hidden HIV proviruses contribute to chronic inflammation in people living with or without HIV. The findings highlight the importance of understanding these viruses to inform future treatments and strategies for healthy aging.
Researchers found that infected tadpoles preferred cooler temperatures and regulated their body temperature to slow viral replication. The study suggests that behavioural cooling may help animals combat viral infections, providing a physiological advantage over the detrimental effects of low temperatures.
Misha Blagosklonny's work challenged traditional paradigms in aging biology, proposing that persistent growth-promoting signals drive age-related pathology. His hyperfunction theory integrates evolutionary concepts with molecular pathways, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding aging.
Researchers identified NDRG1 as a key regulator of DNA damage repair, which can be targeted by the antimalarial drug quinacrine to trigger synthetic lethality in specific cancer subtypes. The study also reveals potential strategies for targeting DNA damage response based on NDRG1 expression.
Chao Zhang, PhD, receives $2.2M NIH grant to develop novel AI frameworks for investigating temporal changes in host-microbiome interactions. The project aims to characterize dynamic immune cell recruitment and uncover mechanisms underlying drug resistance.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered a quantum phenomenon in a two-dimensional magnet that could be relevant for memory storage. The team found that one such material, Fe5GeTe2, exhibits a charge-ordered state where electrons move collectively and unusually slowly.
The pilot study explores the use of generative AI personas to facilitate structured empathy practice, with mean empathy scores increasing by 2.70 points and participants reaching the third level of a relational progression framework. However, further research is needed due to methodological limitations.
The REMADE project aims to transform building renovation in Europe through a neighbourhood-centred Renovation-as-a-Service model, combining design for adaptability and disassembly with advanced digital tools. The project will develop energy-efficient technologies and circular economy construction processes that support the EU's sustain...
A new study by MIT researchers aims to give the budding industry a framework for understanding how fusion can be profitable. The method considers the physical inputs needed to sustain controlled fusion energy production and the cost of building power plants that can compete in energy markets.
A study discovered a possible epigenetic mechanism that primes the 'Shuxinyou' (SXY) cultivar of Aquilaria sinensis for high-yield agarwood production. SXY accumulated more alcohol-soluble resin extract and showed stronger terpenoid biosynthesis after controlled wounding.
Researchers developed a mathematical model that suggests adjusting treatment schedules over time may be more effective in managing tumors than rigid treatment plans. The study found that continuous therapy, rather than on-and-off treatment, can control the tumor and reduce toxicity, improving patient outcomes.
An international study of 974 participants aged 50-94 found a strong correlation between ageist attitudes and self-reported memory failures. The results indicate that individuals with more restrictive views on older adult behavior experienced greater memory problems, regardless of their country of origin.
The new integrations provide enterprise AI agents direct access to live, structured research data from Dimensions' 430M+ interconnected records. This allows for AI-assisted analytics across one of the world's most comprehensive linked views of global research activity.
A new study examines the KEYNOTE-689 trial cohort to determine whether anticipated survival benefits outweigh the costs based on a standard threshold. Patients with higher combined positive scores saw significant quality-adjusted life years gains with perioperative pembrolizumab.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a naturally occurring hormone, GDF15, that activates a brain-to-liver signaling pathway to suppress liver inflammation and slow the progression of liver scarring. The findings suggest future treatments may be able to complement existing weight-loss therapies.
Research reveals that selective breeding and training have altered brain pathways related to vocal processing and cue interpretation in dogs. Trained service dogs show stronger connections between communication-related brain areas, suggesting trainability can be predicted by brain connectivity.
The collaboration aims to improve human tolerance to xenogeneic organs and reduce the risk of organ rejection. Researchers will explore immunomodulatory interventions to support patients with high unmet needs who face additional barriers to receiving timely liver transplants.
The SNU team introduces Cluster-aware Upcycling, leveraging semantic structure of pretrained models to promote specialization among expert modules. This approach outperforms conventional Sparse Upcycling on image-text retrieval and various image classification benchmarks.
A research team discovered an epigenetic mechanism in Aquilaria sinensis cultivar SXY that enables efficient agarwood production. The study found that pre-existing chromatin accessibility prepares metabolic genes for rapid activation after injury, supporting molecular screening for high-yielding cultivars.
A study of 441,844 UK Biobank participants found that a healthy lifestyle can cut the risk of hearing impairment by 14%, with metabolic biomarkers playing a dominant role. Metabolic dysfunction was identified as the primary biological pathway linking lifestyle to auditory health.
A new study by Adelaide University researchers found that higher cumulative doses of clomiphene citrate increase the risk of miscarriage and twinning, but do not improve live birth rates. The study analysed over 21,000 embryo transfer cycles and found a dose-response relationship between cumulative doses and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
A new study uses spatial transcriptomics to map the molecular evolution of prostate cancer and identifies key genes associated with disease progression. The research reveals that genetic malignancy in specific glandular epithelial regions tightly aligns with increasing clinical Gleason scores.
The rotational chair test offers unique diagnostic value for various vestibular disorders, detecting residual function and subtle deficits. It supports personalized rehabilitation and guides treatment for conditions like Ménière’s disease and persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.
A three-year study found that posterior scleral reinforcement slowed macular fundus tessellation and preserved subfoveal choroidal thickness in children with progressive high myopia. The researchers suggest that PSR may help delay early myopic maculopathy-related changes, possibly through mechanisms beyond axial elongation.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London developed a graphene-based material for soft lenses that can change focus electronically without bulky moving parts. The technology has the potential to open up new applications in medical imaging devices, autofocus cameras, wearable displays and scientific instruments.
Researchers found that upper and lower surfaces of oak leaves support different microbial communities, with the upper surface hosting stress-tolerant genera and the lower surface favoring sugar-fermenting taxa and insect-associated bacteria. The two sides show striking seasonal divergence in terms of diversity and abundance.
Researchers develop platform generating complex VOFs with spatially tailored wavefront profiles and polarization distributions, showcasing exceptional capabilities in multifunctional beam shaping and complex wavefront engineering. The platform enables independent control over amplitude, phase, and polarization of radiation fields.
A new ten-point framework for diabetes prevention aims to restore metabolic health across the entire life course, targeting risk factors before disease onset and emphasizing remission. The framework identifies key priorities, including personalized prevention strategies, digital tools, and reducing health inequities.
FPP is evolving from geometric triangulation to light transport analysis with AI and CI, expanding its capabilities beyond shape acquisition. The new framework enables a deeper understanding of light transport, material properties, and scene formation mechanisms, opening opportunities for intelligent perception technologies.
The 46th COSPAR Scientific Assembly brought together over 3,000 participants to exchange the latest results in space research and strengthen international scientific collaboration. Key highlights included a Space Agency Leaders Roundtable, Humanity's Cross-Disciplinary Exploration panel, and the first-ever Dark and Quiet Skies event.
A new study by Dr. Wu Yuan's team reveals that retinal AI can lose accuracy in high-altitude populations due to altitude-associated domain shift. MIXFound, a lightweight framework, offers a practical solution to improve robustness and correct for these differences.
Researchers found that eustress reduces CCL2 expression, alleviating cardiac damage and enhancing chemotherapy response. Eustress also remodels the tumor immune microenvironment, increasing cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells and anti-tumor M1-type macrophages.
Researchers developed a novel parallel-risk framework to optimize precision transplantation for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The framework successfully identifies which patients will benefit from stem cell transplantation directly at diagnosis, overcoming diagnostic biases and subjective clinical assessments.
Researchers have developed a biohybrid system that uses photosynthetic microorganisms entrapped in nanocellulose films to produce ethylene. The system remains productive for over four months with minimal water and energy requirements, making it a promising technology for sustainable chemical production.
Researchers developed a deep-learning compiler to map user-designed illusion patterns to programmable metasurfaces, enabling rewritable and customizable electromagnetic illusions. The metasurface can create complex two-dimensional illusions that adapt to changing conditions.
Scientists at JGU have visualized the interaction of antiferromagnetic skyrmions, showing they move along straight trajectories aligned with the driving current. This reproducibility is crucial for spintronic devices that require reliable motion of multiple skyrmions.
Halide cathode materials, long overlooked due to dissolution in liquid electrolytes, now enable dramatically higher energy densities through a fundamental shift in battery chemistry. Key strategies include multi-electron reactions, protective coatings, and nanostructuring to address stability issues.
Researchers developed a simple, fast, and low-cost blood test that identifies the tumor's biological fingerprint with over 90% accuracy. The test distinguishes between lung cancer patients and healthy individuals without DNA sequencing.
A new study identified functional noncoding variants in the TBX1 enhancer that contribute to tetralogy of Fallot. These variants reduce TBX1 expression, disrupt outflow tract vessel formation, and lead to reduced angiogenesis, vessel regression, and abnormal tight junction morphology.
A German-American research team developed an educational programme that focuses on universal human values to strengthen social cohesion. The programme, tested in a large-scale pilot study in India, showed significant effects on reducing discriminatory attitudes and promoting pro-social behaviour, civic values, and social engagement.
Ancient populations across six regions in the central-eastern Eurasian Steppe shifted their diets in near-perfect synchrony over 4,000 years. The study suggests that climate, mobility, and advances in milling technology drove these dietary transitions.
Researchers identified MaLBD50 as a key positive regulator of banana ripening that directly activates the β-amylase gene MaBMY1. Increasing MaLBD50 expression hastened ripening and reduced pulp starch, while silencing it delayed ripening and preserved starch. This discovery clarifies how bananas convert stored starch into sugars.
Healthcare professionals can influence patients' confidence and experience of physical activity by adopting a more supportive and realistic communication style. Small, manageable activities like walking or taking the stairs can make a difference in health and quality of life.
Researchers identify a combination of classical and emerging viral biomarkers to predict functional cure in chronic hepatitis B. Multimarker models exhibit superior predictive discrimination compared to single viral markers, enabling more accurate treatment decisions.
Recent studies reveal multiple pathways for ceramics to accommodate deformation at room temperature. Advances in materials design and characterization techniques have made room-temperature plasticity increasingly achievable.
A recent study revealed that dogs process smiles in a unique brain region and can distinguish between negative facial expressions, including anger, sadness, and fear. This ability allows researchers to understand the adaptations that have developed in dogs to support their social and emotional understanding of humans.
Researchers have developed a new cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries using engineered oxygen defects, improving electronic conductivity and reducing structural instability. The material enhances the electrochemical performance of the batteries, making them more viable for grid-scale energy storage solutions.
Researchers have developed a two-step 'pre-zincification' process to create high-performance cathode materials for Zn-ion batteries, enabling stable operation and minimal volume variation during cycling. The resulting material shows impressive structural stability and rechargability with negligible capacity degradation past 5000 cycles.
A new study found that women living in socially vulnerable communities face a higher risk of death after an ovarian cancer diagnosis compared to those living in less vulnerable communities. The study also discovered that Black women face a significantly higher risk of death than white women, highlighting the importance of addressing ne...
A study found that Nirsevimab was associated with a substantial reduction in respiratory syncytial virus-lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations during the first year. It was not linked to reduced hospitalizations due to non-RSV infections or asthma, nor during the second year of follow-up.
Objective physical fitness assessments reveal a graded association between balance, agility, strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness with reduced all-cause mortality. This study suggests integrating fitness assessments into routine practice may improve risk stratification and guide function-oriented interventions.
A cohort study finds that childhood history of maltreatment is associated with increased biological age in late midlife, potentially impacting health outcomes. The study's epigenetic clock analysis sheds light on the long-term effects of early life trauma on aging processes.
Recent Supreme Court decisions have reduced federal agencies' independence and expanded state-level protections for public health. Federal health agencies now face increased scrutiny from the judiciary, compromising their ability to set standards without interference from elected officials.
A randomized phase 3 study found that first-line osimertinib plus chemotherapy significantly improved median progression-free survival compared to osimertinib alone in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and concurrent EGFR and TP53 mutations. This study provides evidence for incorporating TP53-based molecular ris...
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified structural changes that enable the LRRK2 protein to become overactive, a key step in Parkinson's disease progression. Understanding these changes is crucial for developing targeted therapies to slow or halt the disease.
Researchers characterized T cells in bone marrow of multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia patients, finding a specific gene signature that predicts immunotherapy success. The signature identifies tumor-reactive T cells that are partially primed but can be activated by therapies like bispecific antibodies.
Researchers developed a multiprotein approach to predict advanced tau pathology among amyloid-positive individuals, outperforming p-tau217 alone. This study suggests a scalable alternative to tau PET staging for clinical or research settings.
A nationwide study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that early antiviral treatment with oseltamivir reduced ICU admissions and shortened hospital stays for children hospitalized with influenza. The study of over 7,000 pediatric hospitalizations showed a 31% lower likelihood of ICU admission among treated children.
The 36th annual State of the Climate report reveals record highs in greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level, and ocean heat content. Greenhouse gas concentrations reached a 53% increase from preindustrial levels, with fossil fuel emissions reaching a record high in 2025.
Researchers designed novel non-equimolar monoclinic-prime (m´) RETaO4 HECs with optimized thermal performance. The composition-structure-thermal performance relationship was clarified through systematic structural and thermophysical tests, revealing polyhedral distortion and lattice strain as key factors for tailoring thermal properties.
Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo has extended her contract as JAMA and JAMA Network Editor in Chief through 2031. She brings fresh perspective and intellectual rigor to the prestigious journal, strengthening its influence worldwide. The JAMA Network has launched initiatives to expand engagement and support medical researchers.
A new ACC Scientific Statement highlights the importance of considering cognitive impairment and frailty in cardiovascular care for older adults. The statement outlines practical strategies for prevention, screening, assessment, and management, aiming to improve outcomes such as independence, mobility, and caregiver burden.
The Australian Institute of Marine Science reports a slight increase in coral cover across all three regions of the Great Barrier Reef, indicating limited impacts from recent climate-induced disturbances. However, the reef still faces threats from flooding and crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks, limiting its capacity to recover.
Dr. Olivier Mousis has been elected an Academician of the International Academy of Astronautics, a full member recognizing his distinguished contributions to space science and exploration. He leads research on the origin and evolution of the solar system at SwRI.
Climate change will exacerbate water scarcity, not just due to reduced supply, but also due to poor quality, affecting different sectors differently. Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East face particularly challenging prospects, with increased demand for clean water by 1225%.
Florida Atlantic University's video compression technology has been acquired by Dolby Laboratories, contributing to the international VVC Video Compression Standard and reducing video data requirements by approximately 50% while maintaining visual quality. The portfolio comprises 683 IP assets, including 250 granted patents worldwide.
A new survey finds that parents and educators believe schools should integrate data literacy across the K-12 curriculum to prepare students for an AI-driven world. The survey, conducted by Data Science 4 Everyone and Mathematica, reveals that 88% of respondents believe all students should be data literate before graduating high school.
A new AI-powered system developed at the University of Waterloo can predict how modern house fires behave, enabling smarter evacuation routes and safer buildings. The system analyzes complex data from experimental fires using machine-learning algorithms, providing insights into toxic smoke hazards and combustion chemistry.
A team of researchers found that humans and AI process language similarly during the initial stages of reading, relying on next-word predictions. However, as passages become more complex, human processing differs from AI, highlighting areas where human and machine language understanding diverge.
Researchers at Aalto University developed an AI model that accurately explains how humans read, using reinforcement learning to recreate reader choices. The model can power smarter AR displays and tailor complex texts to different readers and situations.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have made a groundbreaking discovery in animal models that a one-time treatment regimen can permanently clear HIV from newborns. The study's findings have the potential to advance quickly to human clinical trials, offering new hope for millions of people worldwide who require lifelong t...
Researchers developed a novel vertically integrated dual-gate transistor design for reliable touch sensing and large-area integration. The device exhibited stable response and recovery times, and demonstrated active tactile sensing capabilities.
Researchers found specialized astrocytes in mouse brains that can repopulate damaged areas and rebuild cells. These 'regenerative' astrocytes send newly formed cell nuclei to the site of injury, knitting the network back together.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center used spatial transcriptomics to characterize acute rejection and response to immunomodulatory therapies following heart transplantation. The study linked cell-specific gene expression patterns to the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy, a form of chronic rejection that limit...
A new study developed a 3D printable liquid crystal elastomer that switches molecular alignment to produce opposite motions on demand from a single material. This breakthrough enables the creation of programmable shape-changing materials for various applications, including soft robotics and wearable technologies.
A new study suggests that doctors' reassuring language can have the opposite effect on patients, making them less likely to seek treatment. The researchers found that normalizing symptoms can be misinterpreted as acceptable or not worth treating.
The discovery of Acanthosaura syrax, a new species of mountain horned dragon from western Thailand, highlights its unique characteristics and genetic distinctiveness. The lizard's distinctive yellowish-green coloration, small body size, and lack of black eye patches set it apart from other known species.
A recent real-world study indicates that reaching a PSA level below 0.2 ng/mL is associated with improved patient survival, and this cutoff may be the best metric for determining treatment success, according to investigators analyzing Veterans Health Administration data.
Researchers reveal a new attack surface exposed to malicious and compromised SIMs, allowing attackers to gather information about devices, interfere with connectivity, and serve as entry points for further cyberattacks. The study highlights four attacker scenarios leading to malicious or compromised SIMs and eSIMs.
A new learning technique called A²SG enhances the performance of spiking neural networks (SNNs), achieving world-leading accuracy in large-scale image recognition. The technique combines adaptive and asymmetric approaches to fine-tune models, delivering improved performance at a lower computational cost.
A recent study reveals that marine microplastics can persist and leach chemicals from plastic additives even after fragmentation. Chemicals such as antioxidants, plasticizers, and flame retardants were detected in both microplastics and larger plastic debris collected around Japan.
This paper proposes simple equations to predict the minimum oil film thickness and its position in reciprocating contacts, in good agreement with experimental data. The equations enable easy estimation of oil film thickness variation throughout the contact using operating conditions.
Researchers identify seven-gene signature in eccDNA that predicts LUAD recurrence risk. eccDNA features provide new prognostic insights into lung adenocarcinoma.
A new study found that certain carp species, such as goldfish and silver carp, are resistant to the devastating Koi herpesvirus (CyHV-3) and do not easily transmit it to common carp. This discovery offers a hopeful perspective on managing the disease in fish farms and freshwater ecosystems.
Researchers found that triploid loquats accumulate highly unsaturated phosphatidylcholine to stabilize cellular membranes during freezing. The EjFAD2 gene and its regulator EjMYBS3 transcription factor play a crucial role in this process, enabling the plants to maintain photosynthesis and survive cold more effectively.
A study in Horticulture Research reveals a coordinated scent-making network in herbaceous peony, involving terpene synthase, Nudix hydrolase, and prenyltransferase pathways. The research identifies dominant scent compounds and candidate enzymes, providing practical genetic targets for improving fragrance in ornamental breeding.
Recent research found that D-serine accelerates gastric cancer growth by suppressing cytotoxic T-cell activity and promoting immunosuppressive macrophages. High serum D-serine concentrations were linked to ICI therapy resistance in patients, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for disease progression.
A study found a significant decrease in postoperative endophthalmitis rates after implementing a multifaceted surgical safety culture intervention, from 0.038% to 0.013%. The rate dropped by 64.4% among patients undergoing inpatient ophthalmic surgery.
A study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences reveals that persistent ocean warming in the South Pacific during 2023-2024 was driven by two consecutive anomalous anticyclones over the region. The warming signal extended to depths of about 1000 m, leading to record-high sea surface temperatures and upper-2000-m ocean heat content.
A genetic switch LpCbDR1 in perennial ryegrass coordinates leaf yellowing, senescence timing, and drought tolerance by activating genes promoting chlorophyll breakdown and stress tolerance. This discovery offers a precise route for breeding more resilient grasses.
New research highlights the importance of preserving traditional cattle breeds' unique genetic profiles for resilience against disease and environmental challenges. These populations carry irreplaceable traits that could help future generations of farmers respond to global challenges such as climate change.
Research reveals how dogs developed specialized forms in response to human needs, such as compact sled dogs for Arctic regions and lean hunting dogs for tropical forests. Genetic adaptations also emerged to cope with oxygen-poor air at high altitudes, mirroring human populations' genetic traits.
Prof. Haim Sompolinsky receives the 2026 Dirac Medal for pioneering contributions to equilibrium statistical mechanics and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. His work helps establish the field of theoretical neuroscience, elucidating how collective activity supports memory, computation, and learning.
The USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology has received a $7.5 million grant to establish GeroSCORE, a national hub for discovery and collaboration on sex differences in aging. The center will conduct innovative research, develop new tools and analytical methods, and serve as a resource for early-career investigators.
Dr. Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, MD, FAANS, has been elected President-elect of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), while Dr. Nicholas C. Bambakidis, MD, will become President-elect of the Society of Neurological Surgeons in 2027.
The inaugural Southeast Farm and Forest Land Summit will bring together farmers, industry leaders, and state agencies to address rapid land use changes and their impact on rural communities. Participants will discuss ways to improve farm profitability, preserve working farmland, and explore policy options for sustainable agriculture.
Cryogenic pellet fueling forms solid pellets of hydrogen at extremely low temperatures, enhancing plasma performance and addressing fueling challenges in next-generation fusion devices. The partnership between ORNL and Type One Energy will accelerate commercialization of fusion energy.
A study in mice found that the prefrontal cortex can block flexible thinking, but silencing this region allows for faster learning of a new strategy. This discovery may provide insights into human neurodiversity and cognitive disorders.
Researchers developed a machine learning framework that predicts microbial contamination and estimates potential public health risks from routinely measured water quality indicators. The approach, called ML-QMRA, achieved high accuracy in predicting pathogen concentrations and their associated health risks.
A new study suggests that shifting U.S. agricultural exports from animal feed to animal-derived foods could reduce global nitrogen loss by 38% and greenhouse gas emissions by 17%. The change could also increase U.S. trade revenue by $10.5 billion, while improving nutrient recycling and manure management.
Biochar's ability to retain carbon in soil is strengthened by cadmium contamination, with mechanisms including cation bridging and microbial inhibition. This unexpected interaction has implications for using biochar in contaminated agricultural soils.
A simulation study from the University of Illinois suggests that winter canola can increase overall productivity by 18% while maintaining stable greenhouse gas intensity. The diversified system also improves net ecosystem carbon balance, with benefits increasing over time.
A new blood test, ADLiB, combines genetic clues with machine learning to identify patients most likely to have lymphoma. The platform analyzes cell-free DNA and prioritizes patients who need a tissue biopsy, helping clinicians diagnose the disease more quickly.
Scientists have developed a new technique called synthetic squeezing to realize entanglement generation through dissipation, enabling the creation of steady-state entanglement over large distances. This approach holds promise as a more robust alternative to current methods of entanglement generation.
Researchers at Iowa State University have discovered a link between primary cilia and turtle sex determination, finding that these cellular structures play a role in detecting temperature changes. The study's findings could inform research into human health disorders related to primary cilia dysfunction.
The 13th Aging Research & Drug Discovery (ARDD) meeting will take place in Boston, bringing together leaders from top pharmaceutical companies and academic researchers to advance longevity science. Ruth Gimeno's presentation is part of this effort to translate fundamental discoveries into interventions improving healthspan.
The State University of New York (SUNY) has partnered with the Alan Alda Center to enhance faculty and researcher development. The partnership aims to strengthen research leadership and strategic communication skills. SUNY campuses can host on-site workshops, and faculty members can apply for the Research Leadership Academy.
Researchers found that each of three mosquito species has its own type, driven by human body chemistry, and prefers a different subset of people. This discovery could lead to novel strategies to combat vector-borne diseases.
Researchers at the Batista Lab have identified a gap in current malaria vaccines, which only target one region of the parasite. Adding short peptides to these regions can broaden the immune response and improve protection.
UCLA has received a $9 million NSF award to develop an Interactive Discovery Laboratory (iDLab), a platform that will make advanced computing and data accessible to researchers, educators, and students across several universities. iDLab aims to simplify the current complex procedure of accessing high-powered computing and data, providi...
A team of researchers has discovered that controlling morphine's effects in a specific group of neurons can prevent the formation of rewarding associations with opioids. This study challenges previous conclusions and suggests that dopamine elevation can be separated from learned drug preference.
Hyunsoo Lee, an SNU undergraduate, presents research in generative visual computing at leading conferences NeurIPS, CVPR, and ECCV. His work spans image editing, human motion, and 3D content generation, leveraging pretrained generative models to produce consistent outputs.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause significant kidney damage, but medicinal plants with documented bioactive compounds may provide a safer alternative. Plants such as Aegle marmelos and Glycyrrhiza glabra offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective properties that can interrupt the cellular damage cascade.
Researchers identified and cloned a new semi-dwarfing gene, Sdd1, which modulates plant height and spike architecture through a distinct hormonal balancing mechanism. The study found that Sdd1 integrates multiple hormone signals in a complex manner, offering breeders a fresh genetic resource to fine-tune wheat architecture.
The Journal of Energy Infrastructure is publishing cutting-edge studies on energy infrastructure design, intelligent construction, and low-carbon transformation. The open access journal covers a broad spectrum of energy systems, supporting the transformation of energy infrastructure towards a safer and more sustainable future.
Researchers from China Agricultural University have discovered the crucial role of two plasma membrane hexose transporters, ZmSWEET6a and ZmSWEET6b, in regulating pollen wall development and maintaining anther redox balance. These findings shed light on how carbohydrate allocation influences reproductive success in plants.
Researchers identified C/EBPγ as a novel regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and DNA double-strand break repair in lung adenocarcinoma cells. This protein promotes cancer cell plasticity, DNA repair, and therapy resistance by interacting with other proteins.
A new study presents high-resolution nitrogen isotope records from the Tarim Basin, documenting a persistent depth-dependent redox gradient across the basin. The findings support the hypothesis that stepwise shallow-ocean oxygenation modulated the multi-phase trajectory of the Cambrian Explosion.
Researchers have developed a compact, affordable fluorescence analytical device that can detect pathogens and cancer biomarkers in the home. The VPodDuo's versatility and accuracy make it a valuable piece of equipment for point-of-care applications.
A research team has discovered a fungal protein responsible for defoliation caused by Verticillium dahliae, leading to significant crop losses. The findings can contribute to the development of novel methods for controlling plant diseases through improved detection and genetic modification of resistant plants.
The panel discussed how advances in engineering are unlocking new scientific missions and driving breakthroughs. Emerging technologies, such as commercial capabilities and artificial intelligence, are reshaping the mission landscape.
A study found that tree felling caused more harm to residual trees than extraction, which harmed seedlings. Most damage was mild, but routine harvesting may weaken regeneration and future forest development. The findings suggest improved practices for sustainable timber production in Nepal's managed Sal forests.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased slightly to 38.3% in July 2026, up 0.8%, while the labor force participation rate rose to 42.4%. For those without disabilities, the rates also showed slight increases. This trend may be linked to the need for additional workers during the summer vacation season.
A study published in The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease found that patients with early Alzheimer's disease are often not adhering to brain health recommendations, including exercise and healthy eating. Most patients pursue anti-amyloid antibody therapy but still fall short of optimal brain health guidelines.
A Northwestern University study found that viral reservoirs in a proxy animal model of HIV share features with immune-suppressive tumor microenvironments, suggesting that future HIV cure strategies may benefit from traditional cancer therapy approaches. By examining the broader tissue microenvironment, researchers identified shared bio...
Researchers discovered a strong link between environmental variation and thyroid hormone signaling in reef fish, enabling them to adapt to changing habitats. The study found that habitat impacts development by altering gene expression and metabolic profiles, giving animals more flexibility when their environments change.
Researchers developed a model to optimize countermeasures while considering containment costs, identifying a clear threshold for optimal control. The study found that measures become necessary only when the disease reaches a certain severity, and that vaccination campaigns can help reduce transmission rates.
A new study establishes a fundamental limit of weather prediction at 129 days under ideal conditions, where errors smaller than today's forecasts may behave. This finding offers forecasters a new perspective and a tangible target for future advancements.
Advincula, a Governor's Chair Professor at ORNL and University of Tennessee, recognized for research advancing applied chemistry and translating scientific discoveries into practical applications. His work helps strengthen American innovation and industrial competitiveness.
A comprehensive review maps twenty years of progress in green analytical chemistry, evaluating tools for measuring environmental soundness. It argues that a single tool is insufficient and calls for an integrated multi-metric approach to cover environmental, safety, and resource footprint.
A new study suggests that artificial intelligence can enhance the implementation of Medicaid work requirements by helping state agencies keep eligible individuals enrolled. AI tools can analyze existing databases to verify compliance or exemption status, reducing documentation difficulties and administrative complexities. However, huma...
The 13th ARDD meeting will bring together experts from academia, pharmaceutical companies, and investors to accelerate the development of interventions extending healthy lifespan. The conference aims to translate fundamental discoveries into practical R&D and therapeutic programs.
The 13th Aging Research & Drug Discovery (ARDD) meeting will take place in Boston from October 1-3, featuring visionary speakers like Thomas Marron of Eli Lilly. The conference aims to accelerate the translation of breakthroughs in aging research into practical R&D and therapeutic programs.
Researchers have demonstrated the potential of artificial intelligence to make future visual prostheses, like a bionic eye, more precise and predictable. By training a deep neural network to predict patterns of brain activity produced by different electrical stimulation settings, the AI-designed patterns reproduced targeted brain activ...
Researchers found that Bengalese Finches' songs follow a similar mathematical formula as human speech, with statistically coherent sequences of notes exhibiting Zipfian distribution. The study builds on previous findings in humpback whales and suggests that complex communication's fundamental building blocks can emerge across species.
Cancer cells' ability to evade the immune system is linked to changes in their surrounding environment, including nearby nutrients and conditions. Researchers discovered that altering these factors can thin the cancer cell's protective sugar coating, allowing the immune system to recognize and eliminate them.
Two studies uncover the molecular trigger of pyrin inflammasome hyperactivation, revealing CDC42 as the direct partner of pyrin. This discovery explains how Familial Mediterranean fever and related diseases are triggered, paving the way for faster and more accurate diagnosis.
Researchers have developed an electrochemical approach for diastereoselective glycosylation using glycosyl acetates. This process consumes only a catalytic quantity of charge and achieves complete substrate conversion within 10 minutes at room temperature.
A joint research team has discovered that silver nanocatalysts operate at different reaction sites depending on whether generating electricity or producing hydrogen in solid oxide cells. The study proposes a new design principle to accelerate high-efficiency green hydrogen production and clean power generation by optimizing the catalys...
Researchers used combined experiments and simulations to understand the thermal response of hexanitrostilbene (HNS) charges during programmed-heating cook-off. Increasing heating rate and charge size enhances internal thermal lag, leading to higher apparent ignition temperatures.
A new program combining mindfulness meditation and cognitive therapy substantially reduces gaming disorder symptoms and stress among college students. The research found a marked improvement in students' self-control, even after one month, demonstrating a sustained effect.
A new wearable system called ChromaSense can accurately measure blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and respiration across a range of skin tones. It uses reflected light from skin and tissue to adjust the measurement, achieving accuracy within 1.4% of standard reference oximeters.
A feasible scheme is proposed to realize self-healing skin modes in photonic Floquet lattices via local potential at remote end. The researchers demonstrated the skin mode tunability (SMT) mechanism, which can spectrally isolate a specific skin mode and turn it into a self-healing state.
Scientists create EUV spatiotemporal skyrmions using HHG, which enables control of their topological structure and polarization-sensitive interaction with matter. This breakthrough opens new avenues for attosecond science and EUV optics.
A large study reveals that dexrazoxane significantly reduces heart damage caused by chemotherapy in pediatric cancer patients years after treatment. The findings could change how doctors follow survivors for decades and provide families with reassurance about long-term effects.
A novel ultrasensitive fluorescent voltage probe, HB mito Crimson, detects fast and localized electrical signals in mitochondria. This probe enables monitoring of near-field potential signals at the inner mitochondrial membrane interface, revealing a class of transient miniature mitochondrial electric flickers.
A new study from Adelaide University shows Barbie and Ken dolls have become more realistic, with key body proportions matching those of real adults. The findings suggest the toy industry has made progress in promoting greater body diversity.
A study found that converting rice straw into biochar can reduce copper and lead in rice grains while increasing soil health. Biochar did not significantly increase arsenic, cadmium, nickel, or zinc levels in grains.
A pioneering study will examine the role of human-dog interactions in spreading hydatid disease, a parasite that poses risks to livestock welfare and human health. The research aims to identify practical strategies to reduce zoonotic transmission by analyzing canine movement patterns and diet.
Psychedelics like psilocybin profoundly alter how we perceive and think by tipping neurons toward their apical, context-gathering side. This amplifies the relations between representations, enhancing the impression that information makes and its connections to everything else.
Researchers determined the shape of the fermium-255 nucleus with high precision, revealing it to be strongly prolate like a rugby ball. This breakthrough supports modern theoretical models and opens new possibilities for understanding heavy atomic nuclei.
A new study using the EST-Health-30 dataset found that more than 60% of Estonian adults have at least one chronic condition, with nearly half having two or more. Chronic conditions significantly impact healthcare utilization and mortality rates.
Researchers have developed a flexible optical computing system called Clavina that combines linear and nonlinear quantum operations, expanding the capabilities of quantum computers. The platform provides key building blocks for error correction and can solve graph problems, simulate quantum systems, or generate large entangled states.
A retrospective study found that pretreatment CT scans can identify patients at high risk for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Analysis of radiomics and machine learning models distinguished patients who later developed MRONJ from those unaffected.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine will use the grant to establish a new experimental model to study prenatal mechanisms of gyrencephalic neocortical development. This study aims to provide insights into how specific neural precursors shape the fetal cortex and has far-reaching implications for understanding neurologic...
A new study led by Ca' Foscari University of Venice introduces IceBoost v2.0, a machine-learning model that provides an updated global map of glacier ice volume. The model combines over 7 million ice-thickness measurements with physical and geometrical variables to reconstruct the ice thickness and volume of every glacier included in t...
Researchers have compiled ten fundamental mechanisms governing the development of pandemics, highlighting the importance of understanding biological, mathematical, and social factors. These mechanisms can help improve preparedness and response to future pandemics by identifying key drivers of outbreak dynamics.
Non-invasive approaches are expanding options for assessing portal hypertension, with elastography techniques and biochemical markers showing high sensitivity and specificity. AI-powered predictive models combine clinical data to improve diagnosis, but should not replace invasive HVPG, which remains the gold standard.
A new study identified a previously underappreciated relationship between SUCLA2 and USP10 that strongly correlates with distant metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients. The interaction between these two genes changes dramatically depending on whether patients receive treatment, highlighting the importance of considering mol...