A recent study by Oregon State University reveals that small companies in the US stock market are often disproportionately affected during international financial crises. Investors tend to flee from smaller stocks and shift their holdings towards larger, safer corporations, resulting in significant losses for smaller companies.
A USGS study found that native bee communities are shaped by local factors, such as soil type, tree density, and fire frequency, rather than the composition of a plant community. Specialist bees tend to live in open areas with native plants, particularly in disturbed habitats like burned areas and residential zones.
A study investigated the role of uncertainty in human associative learning, finding that people pay more attention to unfamiliar cues. The researchers discovered that when a cue's reliability is uncertain, it becomes more predictive and leads to faster learning.
A study found that only 11% of patients with STEMI receive primary PCI within 30 minutes, leading to delayed treatment and worse outcomes. Patients who received timely transfers were more likely to undergo primary PCI and had better door-to-balloon times.
Researchers evaluate the U.S. National Fire Plan's effectiveness in restoring western U.S. forests and its impact on native lizard populations, including the return of the eastern collared lizard to the Ozarks. The study also examines historical fire records and sediment cores to better understand the Arctic Tundra's fire regime.
A new study has found significant variations in privacy regulations across countries, driven by local context and institutional arrangements. The research suggests that events like 9/11 have had a lasting impact on privacy regulation, leading to common solutions at the European level.
A community cohort study in Hong Kong found more children than adults were infected with H1N1, but children were less likely to progress to severe disease. Serology studies like this one can help estimate rates of severe disease per infection for revised pandemic preparedness plans.
Researchers developed BeeSpace Navigator, a free online software that uses semantic indexing to extract gene information from academic papers. The tool allows biologists to create custom searches and filters to find specific data, making it easier to interpret gene function.
A new study reveals Lyme disease ticks are more adaptable to new habitats than previously thought. Researchers found that deer ticks and the Lyme disease bacteria they host thrive in forests, farms, and prairies of Central Illinois, with a high prevalence of infected ticks on prairie voles.
Purdue University scientist Kevin Keener's research suggests that rapidly cooling eggs can increase the activity of lysozyme, an enzyme that defends egg whites from bacteria. By re-saturating egg whites with carbon dioxide and altering pH levels, the technology aims to create a safer food product.
A study found that men diagnosed with prostate cancer who are also smokers have an increased risk of dying from prostate cancer, as well as all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Smoking cessation after diagnosis did not significantly impact mortality risks compared to never-smokers.
Theoretical physicists propose a new method to create and detect anyons, exotic particles with continuously variable statistics. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient quantum computers.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health and University of California, San Francisco, found that men with prostate cancer who smoke are at higher risk of disease recurrence and mortality. Smoking was also associated with more aggressive disease at diagnosis.
Researchers found that patients with RA or psoriasis who were treated with TNF inhibitors or hydroxychloroquine had a lower risk of developing diabetes. The study suggests an association between these medications and reduced diabetes risk, but the cause is not yet known.
Brain cancer patients who exercise regularly live significantly longer than sedentary patients, with a median survival of 21.84 months compared to 13.03 months. The study provides evidence that exercise interventions may impact progression and survival beyond symptom relief.
The DARPA System F6 program has chosen SwRI's wireless communications solution to validate a fractionated spacecraft architecture. This approach replaces traditional spacecraft designs with individual nodes connected wirelessly to support mission goals.
Researchers at Virginia Tech discovered a way to speed up the flow and filtering of water or ions in fuel cells, improving their efficiency and power. By stretching the Nafion polymer electrolyte membrane, they increased its ability to selectively filter substances.
Using Archimedes' principle, MIT scientists have devised a method to measure the density of individual cells, which could provide biophysical insight into fundamental cellular processes. The new device rapidly exchanges fluids, allowing for rapid measurement and potentially screening potential cancer drugs.
Researchers at UC Riverside have made a breakthrough discovery in understanding epileptic seizures by developing a computational model that simulates the cortical network. The model shows that restricting chloride increase can lead to faster seizure termination and even make seizures impossible, offering new hope for treating epilepsy.
A Fulbright scholar is studying the ecological theory of Patagonian lakes in Argentina's Andean heights, focusing on nutrient chemistry and planktonic inhabitants. The research aims to establish a baseline for understanding lake nutrient supplies in 'ancestral,' pre-development conditions.
A study found 62% of dishwashers contain fungi on the rubber band in door, including polyextremotolerant black yeasts that can tolerate high temperatures, salt concentrations, and detergents. These extremophilic fungi pose a significant risk to human health due to their potential for causing fatal infections.
A new study by Diane Kholos Wysocki and Cheryl Childers found that women are more likely to engage in sexting behaviors and that older men are more likely to cheat in real life. The authors conclude that humans are social creatures who need physical, face-to-face contact in relationships.
Researchers discovered widespread loss of grey matter in frontal lobe of cocaine users, associated with greater compulsivity and attention problems. The study also found enlarged basal ganglia reward system, suggesting potential inherited vulnerability to addiction.
The University of Cincinnati's research on hospital supply chains offers promising solutions for reducing costs and improving efficiency. By adopting a hybrid model that combines periodic and continuous resupply, hospitals can save up to 18% in labor costs, while also ensuring sufficient inventory levels.
A new comment published in The Lancet states that numerous studies failed to replicate the findings of a 2009 XMRV detection in CFS patients. Contamination of laboratory reagents is blamed for the association between XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome, leaving the field without a confirmed cause.
A new study found that acute Hepatitis A virus is more efficient at evading the host's interferon response, allowing it to linger in the body for almost a year. This discovery undermines current theories on chronic Hepatitis C development and highlights the need for further research into Hepatitis-host interactions.
A new study found that using a defibrillator less than 10 seconds after CPR pause significantly increases survival rates. The study examined 815 patients who suffered cardiac arrest outside hospital and found a 53% drop in survival rate for pauses over 20 seconds.
A new study found that portable pools are more dangerous than parents realize, with most fatalities and near-drownings occurring among young children. The Centers for Injury Research and Policy recommend multiple layers of protection to prevent submersion events.
A new study by the University of Leicester found that GPs struggle to identify people in the early stages of dementia, resulting in both missed cases and misidentifications. The research analyzed 15,277 patients with cognitive disorders, identifying a significant number of false positives.
A public health approach is needed to prevent childhood sports injuries from leading to lifelong disabilities. The annual rate of catastrophic injury in sports is 6.9 per 100,000 participants, with many children and youth under age 21 affected.
A new clinical trial is being conducted to evaluate the safety of a promising HIV prevention gel, tenofovir gel, in pregnant and breastfeeding women. The study aims to provide critical information on the safety of using tenofovir gel during pregnancy and lactation.
A national study finds that 8% of US children under 18 have a food allergy, with peanut, milk, and shellfish being the most common allergens. The study also highlights racial and economic disparities in food allergy diagnosis and treatment.
The CAPRISA 004 study demonstrated the effectiveness of tenofovir 1% gel in reducing HIV and herpes infection risk in women. The study showed a 39% reduction in HIV infections and 51% reduction in genital herpes infections compared to placebo.
Jeffrey H. Samet, MD, a professor of medicine at Boston University School of Medicine, has been selected as a 2011 NIDA International Program Awards of Excellence winner. He is recognized for his commitment to mentoring scientists in patient-focused drug abuse research and treatment.
A study by Brown University researchers found that certain stressful life events cause panic symptoms to increase steadily over succeeding months, rather than acutely. This challenges the common assumption that stress triggers immediate panic attacks.
A study published in Social Psychology and Personality Science found that coming out as lesbian, gay, or bisexual increases emotional well-being, particularly in accepting environments. However, in judgmental contexts, the costs and stigma of identifying as minority outweigh the benefits.
A study from University of Cambridge found that autism diagnoses are more common in an IT-rich region. The 'hyper-systemizing' theory suggests that populations enriched for analytical skills, such as engineering and mathematics, may have a higher rate of autism.
A study published in Addiction journal finds that even low levels of blood-alcohol content are associated with severe injuries and death. The research suggests that buzzed drivers are more likely to speed, be improperly seat-belted, and drive at greater speeds, leading to increased accident severity.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered a well-preserved Late Bronze Age (1500-750 B.C.) fortress in Cyprus, which may have protected an urban economic center from outside threats. The fortress's unique design and location suggest it played a crucial role in the region's history.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are developing a touch-sensitive virtual reality simulator for next-generation natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). The simulator aims to accelerate the development of scarless procedures, which show promise for reducing pain and post-operative complications.
A University of Michigan study reveals that black patients with heart attacks face longer waits for life-saving procedures, with elderly patients often receiving care in slow-performing hospitals. The researchers attribute these delays to poor hospital quality and lack of resources.
Scientists have identified a protective mechanism that tries to collect and detoxify high levels of toxic amyloid beta peptide found in Alzheimer's disease. The molecular chaperone HspB1 works like a waste management company to protect brain cells from damage.
In a structured community of Escherichia coli bacteria, restrained strains thrived by curbing pursuit of producers, while unrestrained strains faced long-term demise. The phenomenon has implications for other ecological systems.
A growing interest in 'chav' culture is being studied among middle-class gay men, revealing complex consumer patterns and challenging traditional notions of gay identity. The research also raises questions about the potential impact on working-class homosexual men.
The Joint Annual Conference of NSBP and NSHP will be held in Austin from September 21-24, providing mentoring for physicists and increasing minority students in physics. The University of Texas at Austin is a Gold Sponsor, supporting the event's diversity goals.
Tropical Storm Beatriz is strengthening towards hurricane status, according to NASA satellite imagery, which revealed powerful thunderstorms and cloud tops cooling. The storm is expected to bring excessive rainfall, life-threatening flash floods, and mudslides to southwestern Mexico.
A new microspectrometer architecture using compact disc-shaped resonators has achieved high resolution and wide bandwidth, enabling miniaturized spectrometers with improved performance. The device can be integrated with other devices and is suitable for various applications in biological, chemical, medical, and pharmaceutical fields.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that measuring carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) biomarker was a poor method for detecting unhealthy drinking among HIV-infected adults. The study suggests that CDT is not sufficiently sensitive for use in screening for unhealthy alcohol use in people with HIV infection.
Researchers have created a smaller, flexible LED light with improved thermal management and increased life-span. The device uses novel manufacturing techniques to reduce temperature and increase efficiency, making it suitable for various applications such as deformable display monitors and biomedical devices.
A recent study reveals that hepatitis A virus (HAV) evades the innate immune response more effectively than hepatitis C virus (HCV), which causes chronic infections. The research provides critical insights into the nature of HCV's persistence and highlights the importance of understanding how the body responds to these viruses.
Researchers recommend using multiple blood pressure readings to accurately assess control in patients with hypertension, suggesting home monitoring could improve quality of care. For suspected appendicitis, multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is recommended as standard preoperative care due to its high sensitivity and specificity....
A recent study found that the rate of sea level rise along the US Atlantic coast is the fastest in 2 millennia, linked to rising global temperatures. The research, conducted by a team of scientists, used microfossils and radiocarbon dating to reconstruct sea levels over the past 2000 years.
Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in controlling the differentiation of airway basal stem cells, with high levels leading to secretory cells and low levels resulting in ciliated cells. The findings have implications for developing therapies for airway diseases, which are a leading cause of death worldwide.
The First European Forum on Railway Running Gears brought together top professionals to discuss advances in technology and interoperability. Researchers emphasized the importance of strengthening university-industry relationships to improve safety, profitability, and efficiency in the railway industry.
A study published in Addiction journal found that comprehensive anti-smoking policies in Australia, particularly those targeting adults, also reduced smoking rates among adolescents. The key to this effect lies in the sustained and well-funded nature of these programs, which directly influence young people's perceptions of smoking.
A new study published in Psychological Science concludes that female bosses who exhibit 'queen bee' behavior are not inherently nasty, but rather a response to a difficult, male-dominated work environment. The study found that only women with strong gender identities at work resist helping other women rise through the ranks.
A study by Penn State researchers found that companies that export and invest in research and development are significantly more productive than those that don't. These firms can gain a competitive edge by learning from their customers and accessing foreign markets.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology found that urinary incontinence after giving birth doubles a woman's risk of developing postpartum depression. The study, which evaluated nearly 1,900 new mothers, identified five key predictors of postpartum depression, including urinary incontinence.
The study found two DNA modifications in mitochondrial genomes that regulate gene expression, similar to those in nuclear genomes. This discovery implies a system of gene control in mitochondria, which may contribute to cancer and other age-related diseases.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that introducing bodychecking into Bantam ice hockey does not increase overall injury rates or concussion risk, regardless of prior experience.