An electrifying advance toward tomorrow's power suits
Researchers create e-Textiles that double as rechargeable batteries using single-walled carbon nanotubes. The fabrics retain flexibility and stretchability while storing electricity.
American Chemical Society
Blood test for schizophrenia could be ready this year
A breakthrough blood test for diagnosing schizophrenia could become available in 2010, marking a significant shift from traditional brain-based diagnostic methods. The test leverages biomarkers detected in the blood and other bodily fluids to provide a real-time picture of the disease.
School classroom air may be more polluted with ultrafine particles than outdoor air
Research reveals that school classroom air contains significantly higher levels of ultrafine particles than polluted outdoor air, posing a risk to students' lung health. The study found elevated particle levels during art activities and cleaning with detergents.
First evidence that blueberry juice improves memory in older adults
A study published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found that blueberry juice supplementation improved learning and memory tests in volunteers aged 70-72. The researchers suggested that consistent blueberry consumption may offer an approach to mitigate neurodegeneration.
Unlocking the mystery of the duck-billed platypus' venom
Researchers have identified a dozen protein building blocks in the venom of male platypuses, which cause excruciating pain. The study's findings suggest that one of these substances, Heptapeptide 1, triggers pain by interacting with nerve cell receptors.
China stakes claim as global center for scientific research
China has made significant strides in scientific research, surpassing other nations in chemistry patent applications and publications. The country published 67,000 patent applications in 2009, more than any other nation, and saw a quadrupling of scientific papers with Chinese authors.
From the ancient Amazonian Indians: A modern weapon against global warming
Scientists have found that biochar production could be a viable way to sequester carbon and produce renewable energy. The study's life-cycle analysis suggests several biochar systems have the potential for economic viability.
Toward a less expensive version of the anti-flu drug Tamiflu
Researchers at ACS' Organic Letters journal have created a more affordable version of the anti-flu drug Tamiflu by leveraging D-ribose, a naturally occurring sugar. The new process could significantly reduce production costs, making it easier to distribute the medication globally.
'Nanodragster' races toward the future of molecular machines
Scientists developed a nanodragster that can outperform previous nano-sized vehicles and address limitations in controlling small molecule motion. The new vehicle features improved wheels and axle design, enabling better agility and potentially paving the way for more advanced molecular machines.
Fancier fakes: Makers of bogus prescription drugs pose new challenges
Counterfeiters are using advanced technology to create fake prescription drugs, including small amounts of real active ingredients and holograms. Law enforcement is responding with new security approaches, but these measures only last around 18 months before counterfeiters can produce new mimics.
Nitric oxide-releasing wrap for donor organs and cloth for therapeutic socks
Scientists have developed a new bandage that slowly releases nitric oxide, increasing blood flow and regulating body functions. The material is made from zeolites embedded in a water-repellent polymer and has potential applications in therapeutic socks for diabetic patients and organ preservation.
Chemistry makes the natural 'wonder fabric' -- wool -- more wonderful
Scientists in China have developed a new coating made from silica nanoparticles that makes wool superhydrophilic, allowing it to absorb moisture and release perspiration. This innovation could improve the natural qualities of wool, such as its lightness, softness, and warmth, while also enhancing its functionality.
An inexpensive 'dipstick' test for pesticides in foods
Scientists developed a rapid, eco-friendly pesticide test using paper-based strips that change color shades depending on pesticide levels. The test accurately identifies minute pesticide amounts in minutes, making it suitable for developing countries or remote areas without access to expensive testing equipment.
Spider web glue spins society toward new biobased adhesives
Researchers have identified two new glycoproteins in spider web glue that can be used to develop a new generation of biobased adhesives. These proteins are produced from opposite strands of the same DNA sequence, making them a promising material for large-scale production and various applications.
Food aromas could become new weapon in battle of the bulge
Scientists have discovered that certain food aromas can contribute to feelings of fullness, potentially helping to combat obesity. By analyzing the effects of aroma release during chewing, researchers found that these scents can signal areas of the brain responsible for satiety, leading to reduced food intake.
Heart drugs show promise for fighting colon cancer
A group of heart drugs, cardiac glycosides, have been found to be effective against human colon cancer cells, with varying degrees of sensitivity. The findings suggest that these heart drugs could potentially improve colon cancer outcomes when used alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy.
Behavior modification could ease concerns about nanoparticles
Scientists have developed a way to modify nanoparticles in sewage treatment plants, potentially closing off the gateway for environmental spread. Uncoated nanoparticles remain in effluent streams, while coated ones aggregate into solid residue.
Toward home-brewed electricity with 'personalized solar energy'
A new, inexpensive method for solar energy storage has been developed, enabling personalized solar energy at the individual or home level. This innovation uses a practical catalyst to split water molecules into hydrogen, producing clean electricity in a fuel cell.
Toward reading your own personal 'Book of Life'
Advances in DNA sequencing technology make it possible for consumers to access their 'personal genome' for disease prevention and treatment strategies. The cost of sequencing is expected to drop sharply, raising ethical and legal concerns about genetic information use.
New clues emerge for understanding morphine addiction
Astrocytes, previously thought to support neurons, may also contribute to drug addiction through specific proteins. The new research suggests that these cells could serve as potential markers for addiction or targets for therapy
Toward a fast, accurate urine test for pneumonia
A new study by Carolyn Slupsky reveals a distinct pattern of metabolites in urine samples from patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced pneumonia, enabling faster and more accurate diagnosis. This breakthrough paves the way for early treatment initiation, potentially saving lives.
How calorie-restricted diets fight obesity and extend life span
A study found that calorie-restricted diets alter proteins in abdominal subcutaneous fat cells, which could serve as markers for improving or tracking therapy effects. Volunteers who lost an average of 21 pounds showed changes in protein levels, offering new insights into the mechanisms behind these diets.
Older dental fillings contain form of mercury unlikely to be toxic
A new study reveals that older dental fillings, containing beta-mercuric sulfide or metacinnabar, are unlikely to be toxic. The surface forms of mercury in these fillings lose up to 95% of their mercury over time, making human exposure less concerning.
'Smell of old books' offers clues to help preserve them
Scientists developed a nondestructive 'sniff' test that analyzes gases emitted from old books and documents, identifying 15 VOCs as markers for paper degradation. This method preserves prized paper-based objects without destroying them.
Discovery of the Jekyll-and-Hyde factors in 'coral bleaching'
Researchers have identified three chemicals – betaine, glutamate, and succinate – produced by a bacterium that cause coral bleaching. These substances are involved in the transformation of harmless marine bacteria into killers that choke off corals' energy supply.
The buzz on fruit flies: New role in the search for addiction treatments
Researchers have discovered that fruit flies can be used as a simpler and more convenient animal model for studying the effects of cocaine and other drugs on the brain. The study, published in ACS Chemical Neuroscience, found that fruit flies can accurately replicate the physiological effects of these substances.
Smokeless tobacco called 'moist snuff' is contaminated with harmful substances
A study by Irina Stepanov and colleagues found that moist snuff contains at least eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nine of which are classified as carcinogens. The presence of these toxicants in smokeless tobacco may contribute to increased risk of cancer and other health issues.
Developing 'green' tires that boost mileage and cut carbon dioxide emissions
Researchers have developed new tire materials that improve rolling resistance and reduce friction, boosting mileage and cutting CO2 emissions by up to 20%. The new technology, however, requires proper tire inflation to unlock its full potential.
Toward explaining why hepatitis B hits men harder than women
Researchers found abnormal forms of apolipoprotein A-I proteins in the livers and blood of infected male mice, but not females. These proteins may provide important markers for tracking hepatitis B progression and help explain the gender disparity in the disease's severity.
Saliva proteins change as women age
The study found that older women have almost twice as many immune-related proteins in their saliva than younger women. This discovery could lead to a simple, noninvasive test for diagnosing and treating age-related diseases in women.
Hidden threat: Elevated pollution levels near regional airports
Research reveals elevated ultrafine particle emissions at regional airports, posing significant health risks to nearby residents. The study, published in Environmental Science & Technology, highlights the need for increased attention to these overlooked emissions.
New on-off 'switch' triggers and reverses paralysis in animals with a beam of light
Researchers create photoswitch that triggers and reverses paralysis in C. elegans worms using ultraviolet and visible light. The study demonstrates the potential of such 'photoswitches' in medicine and research applications.
Largest-ever database for liver proteins may lead to treatments for hepatitis
Scientists have assembled the largest-ever collection of liver proteins, which could become a roadmap for finding new biomarkers and treatments for liver disease, including hepatitis. The database includes 6,788 non-redundant proteins, many of which are related to diseases in the nervous system.
Exploration by explosion: Studying the inner realm of living cells
Scientists develop a new method to study living cells by exploding them with laser pulses, then analyzing the vaporized contents for chemical profiles. This technique reveals crucial details about cell health and differences between diseased and healthy cells.
New evidence that dark chocolate helps ease emotional stress
A clinical trial found that eating about an ounce and a half of dark chocolate daily for two weeks reduced stress hormone levels and corrected other stress-related biochemical imbalances. This study provides strong evidence for the potential benefits of dark chocolate in reducing emotional stress.
Chemists describe solar energy progress and challenges, including the 'artificial leaf'
The symposium focused on four main topics: mimicking photosynthesis using synthetic materials, production and use of biofuels, developing innovative solar cells, and storage and distribution of solar energy. Scientists have been successful in mimicking the fuel-making process of photosynthesis but must now find ways to do so commercially.
Curry-cure? Spicing up the effectiveness of a potential disease-fighter
Curcumin, found in turmeric, shows promise in treating colon cancer, psoriasis, and Alzheimer's. The nano-size capsule boosts curcumin absorption, increasing antioxidant levels in the blood.
An inexpensive 'dipstick' test for pesticides in foods
Scientists developed a fast and affordable paper-based test strip that can detect minute amounts of pesticides in food and beverages. The test, which produces results in under 5 minutes, has the potential to improve pesticide testing in developing countries.
New evidence supports 19th century idea on formation of oil and gas
Scientists support abiotic synthesis of methane, a main ingredient in natural gas, through chemical reactions. The study suggests that extreme conditions deep below Earth's surface can lead to hydrocarbon formation.
Pumpkin skin may scare away germs
A new study reveals that pumpkin skin contains a powerful antifungal protein that can inhibit the growth of disease-causing microbes, including Candida albicans. The protein could be developed into a natural medicine to fight yeast infections in humans.
Toward bold new anti-cancer medicines
Researchers are developing innovative treatments to starve cancer cells of glucose, a strategy that has shown promising results in breast and colon cancer cases. RNA interference is also being explored as a gene therapy approach to block genes involved in cancer growth, with significant progress made in administering these medicines.
Knocking nanoparticles off the socks
A Swiss study found most silver nanoparticles released during washing come out of fabrics in the first wash, posing a risk to aquatic life. The release varied from 1.3% to 35% of total nanosilver in fabric, highlighting the need for manufacturers and consumers to minimize nanoparticle distribution.
Next-generation microcapsules deliver 'chemicals on demand'
Researchers have developed phototriggerable microcapsules that burst and release chemicals upon light exposure, opening doors for targeted medical treatments and various industrial uses. The innovation uses laser light to convert nanotubes into heat, bursting the nylon capsule and releasing its contents.
New American Chemical Society podcast: Tiny sea creature and a new medical adhesive
Scientists copy natural glue secreted by sandcastle worm to create new medical adhesive for repairing shattered bones. The synthetic glue is based on complex coacervates, ideal but unused method for making injectable adhesives.
Advance in 'nano-agriculture': Tiny stuff has huge effect on plant growth
Researchers have discovered that carbon nanotubes can accelerate seed germination and increase seedling weight, suggesting potential benefits for agriculture and biofuel production. The study's findings could lead to improved crop yields and more efficient biomass production.
Glacial melting may release pollutants in the environment
A new study finds that glacial melting is releasing persistent organic pollutants into lakes, despite decreased use of these compounds in products. The pollutants were deposited earlier and preserved over decades, with the flow increasing sharply since the late 1990s.
A scientific basis the 'golden rule' of pairing wines and foods
Researchers found that iron naturally occurring in red wine causes the unpleasant fishy aftertaste when paired with fish. Low-iron red wines might be a suitable match for seafood, contrary to the traditional rule of thumb.
Spider web glue spins society toward new biobased adhesives
Researchers have identified two new glycoproteins in spider web glue, which can be produced through opposite strands of the same DNA sequence. This discovery paves the way for large-scale production of biobased glues for various applications.
Museums increasingly turn to scientists to preserve treasures
Scientists are increasingly involved in preserving cultural heritage objects, using non-destructive analysis and innovative techniques. Conservation science research is funded by grants from the National Science Foundation, aiming to maximize the preservation of building materials and artworks.
Heat forms potentially harmful substance in high-fructose corn syrup
Researchers discovered that high-fructose corn syrup can form a potentially harmful substance called hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) when heated. HMF levels increase steadily with rising temperatures, posing a threat to honey bee health and human consumption of HFCS products.