Articles tagged with Antivenins
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A University of Queensland study suggests the antivenom given to people bitten by Eastern Brown Snakes may not be as effective as it could be due to geographic variations in venom. The research found that venom from southern Australia has a strong, stable blood clot, while northern populations trigger fragile but rapid clots.
Scientists have developed the most broadly effective antivenom to date, neutralizing the neurotoxins of 19 deadly snakes including black mambas and king cobras. The antivenom combines protective antibodies and a small molecule inhibitor, offering a potential universal solution for snakebite victims.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed new proteins that can neutralize lethal snake venom toxins using deep learning computational methods. These protein designs show promise for creating safer and more cost-effective antivenoms, potentially saving millions of lives annually.
Researchers created new proteins using AI that bind to and neutralize deadly snake toxins, providing a safer alternative to traditional antivenoms. The study's results show an 80-100% survival rate in mice, offering potential benefits for people in developing countries.
A team of scientists at the University of Sydney has repurposed a commonly used blood thinner, heparin, as an inexpensive antidote for cobra venom. The discovery could drastically reduce the impact of snakebites worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where cobra species account for most snakebite incidents.
Scientists have found an effective treatment for spitting cobra snakebites by blocking one of the major dermonecrosis-causing toxins with varespladib. The study suggests that this repurposed drug can prevent tissue damage and may become a valuable treatment against black-necked and red spitting cobra venoms.
Scientists at Indian Institute of Science have developed a synthetic human antibody that can neutralise a potent neurotoxin produced by highly toxic snakes. The new venom-neutralising antibody was created using an approach adapted from HIV and COVID-19 antibody screening, and shows efficacy nearly 15 times that of conventional antiveno...
Researchers discover antibody-dependent enhancement of toxicity (ADET), a phenomenon where antibodies can amplify venom's potency. The breakthrough contributes to expediting the development of a new generation of antivenom, potentially saving millions from snakebites yearly.
Making antivenom more widely available across hospitals and community health centers in the Brazilian Amazon region would significantly reduce death and disability from venomous snakebites. The study found that expanding access to both hospitals and community health centers would produce the largest benefits, averting up to 3,922 death...
The US Army Medical Materiel Development Activity has developed a shelf-stable treatment for snakebite envenoming that is safe, easy to use, and independent of snake species. Clinical trials are ongoing in the US and India, with pre-clinical studies suggesting its potential use worldwide.
A six-year study involving 146 patients found that antivenom reduced the risk of skin necrosis in those bitten by brown recluse spiders. Administration of the substance was safe with minimal adverse effects, particularly when given within 48 hours of the incident.
Researchers identified a single protein, FETUA-3, that inhibits a broad spectrum of rattlesnake venom toxins. The discovery may lead to the development of improved snake bite treatments and novel therapeutic options.
Exotic snakebites in the UK are increasing, with 321 reported cases over 11 years, mostly affecting children under 5. Most bites result in mild symptoms, but severe cases have occurred, prompting concerns about illegal snake ownership and access to expert advice.
Scientists have discovered that the process of freeze-drying destroys paralytic neurotoxic activity in stonefish venom, which may impact the effectiveness of current antivenom formulations. The study also reveals how the venom disrupts heart function and can block nerve receptors, leading to altered heart rhythms.
A new antivenom strategy has been developed to combat deadly snake bites, which are a major public health issue in low-income countries. The potential treatment is a peptide that can neutralize venom from 75% of all venomous snakes and is cheaper and more portable than traditional antibody-based treatment.
Researchers are pioneering a new type of antivenom treatment to neutralize venom toxins from the bloodstream with more efficacy, safety and affordability. The goal is to provide a low-cost, easy-to-produce, safe to administer, clinically effective and low dose type of antivenom that can be stored and used for community treatment.
Researchers have identified a potential novel way to treat snakebite, with the oral administration of DMPS providing protection against venom and enhancing its effect when used with conventional antivenom. Early treatment with DMPS could save lives and limbs in rural settings where healthcare access is limited.
Researchers are exploring alternatives to conventional antivenoms, including small molecules like varespladib that inhibit venom enzymes and human monoclonal antibodies to snake venom components.
Researchers discover plant-based compound rutin reduces bleeding and inflammation caused by snake venom, offers potential co-treatment with antivenom for snakebite patients in countries without access to antivenom. The study's findings indicate a great potential for rutin as an ancillary drug in conjunction with antivenom therapy.
Researchers at DTU Bioengineering have developed a high-tech antivenom against black mamba venom using human antibodies, which can potentially save thousands of lives annually. The breakthrough antivenom uses a biotechnological method to discover human antibodies, allowing for large-scale production and industrial use.
A team of researchers at LSTM has developed a new approach to treating snakebite using antivenom produced from a different species than the one that caused the bite. The study, published in Communications Biology, shows that this approach can be effective in neutralizing certain pathologies caused by venomous snakes.
Researchers found that antivenoms produced using snakes from one region may perform poorly or fail completely against the same species of snakes from other regions. The study highlights a significant public health concern, with snakebites affecting millions globally and accounting for thousands of deaths annually.
Researchers have discovered that Australian tiger snake venom is highly conserved across species, making the corresponding antivenom effective against many other snake bites. This finding has significant human medical benefits and upends a long-held theory on venom evolution.
A University of Queensland-led study reveals how cobras evolved their potent flesh-eating venom alongside distinctive hoods and warning colors. The research found that cobras' venom is used both for predation and defense, with increased potency linked to warning strategies.
Researchers have created a polymer nanogel material that can halt the spread of venom from various species of snakes, including cobras, kraits, and pit vipers. The new treatment has broad-spectrum ability and is made with readily available components, making it more affordable and accessible.
Researchers developed a new method to produce coral snake antivenom using synthetically designed DNA, bypassing the need for venom collection from snakes. The approach resulted in a neutralization rate of 60% against coral snake venom, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods.
Every year, thousands of people in impoverished communities die from snakebites due to the unavailability and high cost of anti-venom treatment. Despite efforts to address this issue, many countries remain unable to provide affordable solutions.
Vulnerable populations face dire consequences from snake bites, with millions dying or maimed due to inadequate treatment and affordability issues. The head of the Australian Venom Research Unit argues for urgent international action to strengthen regulatory agencies and increase access to effective antivenoms.
The study identifies the exact composition of sea snake venom, making the development of synthetic antivenoms more realistic. This could lead to a future production of synthetic antivenoms for as little as $10-100, potentially saving millions of lives.
A promising new antivenom derived from opossum serum has shown promise in neutralizing snake venom, with potential for widespread distribution and a single injectable dose. The peptide-based treatment could save thousands of lives worldwide without the side effects of current treatments.
A recent study found significant variation in eastern diamondback rattlesnake venom linked to geography, highlighting the need for tailored antivenom production. In contrast, coral snakes' venom is uniform across their range.
Researchers identified diverse mechanisms driving venom variation in closely related snake species, impacting venom-induced haemorrhage and coagulation pathologies. This study highlights challenges to developing broad-spectrum snakebite treatments due to conventional antivenom limitations.
A novel approach to treating venomous snakebites involves administering antiparalytics topically via a nasal spray, which has been shown to counteract paralysis in minutes. The treatment has the potential to dramatically reduce global snakebite fatalities, currently estimated at 125,000 per year.
Fatal snakebites are a significant global health problem with up to 5 million cases annually, resulting in 300,000 permanent disabilities and 100,000 deaths. Research highlights the importance of addressing this issue through initiatives like motorcycle ambulances and rapid diagnostic tests.
The US Food and Drug Administration approved Anascorp, a scorpion antivenom produced in Mexico, to treat patients suffering from scorpion sting. The drug was tested in clinical trials conducted through the University of Arizona and showed dramatic results in alleviating symptoms and reducing scorpion venom levels.
Misdiagnosis of spider bites is delaying appropriate treatment for common conditions, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Lyme disease. The use of antivenom is also putting patients at risk due to a lack of well-conducted research and conflicting animal study results.
Researchers developed an affordable antivenom against the Papuan taipan, a lethal snake, to address chronic shortages in developing countries. The project demonstrates the potential of international cooperation in producing high-quality antivenoms at an affordable price.
A study by Asita De Silva and colleagues found that low-dose adrenaline given before antivenom treatment significantly reduces acute severe reactions in snakebite patients. This finding highlights the importance of improving antivenom quality in countries where snakebites are common.
Educating communities on snake bite prevention is crucial, but antivenom treatment needs improvement. Improper training and use of antivenom can lead to fatal complications.
A study published in NEJM reports that administering scorpion-specific antivenom to children with severe nerve poisoning from scorpion stings results in rapid symptom resolution, often within two hours. The antivenom was effective in treating all 15 children involved in the study, saving lives and reducing treatment costs.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that at least 421,000 envenomings and 20,000 deaths from snakebites occur annually worldwide. The countries with the highest estimated annual envenomings and deaths are India, followed by sub-Saharan Africa.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients who receive randomly assigned treatments in clinical trials have similar health outcomes as those receiving individualized treatment. The researchers analyzed data from 25 trials involving nearly 18,000 patients and found no significant differences in health outcomes between th...