Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology discovered a mechanism by which microbiota signals are transmitted to the entire body, controlling hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. This process involves CX3CR1+ mononuclear cells recognizing microbiota signals and releasing cytokines that stimulate the immune system.
Researchers found that autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplants can significantly induce vascular growth, reducing the number of amputations in patients with diabetes suffering from critical limb ischemia. The study showed a significant increase in neovasculogenesis and a decrease in PAD mortality.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo found that estrogen can suppress production of pro-inflammatory components, reducing atherosclerosis risk. Estrogen may help explain why women have lower heart disease risk until menopause.