Articles tagged with Cytotoxicity
Researchers at Stanford University have identified a new type of immune cell called ruptoblasts in flatworms, which can kill surrounding cells through an explosive process called ruptosis. This discovery could hold important insights for modern medicine and may lead to targeted treatments for bacterial infections or tumors.
Scientists at the University of Virginia Health System have developed a suite of AI-powered tools, called YuelDesign, YuelPocket and YuelBond, to transform how new drugs are created. These tools can design drug molecules tailored to fit their protein targets exactly, even accounting for protein flexibility.
Researchers developed green-synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles that combined cidofovir with nanoceria, enhancing anticancer activity and binding affinity to DNA and RNA. The new compound destroyed over 97% of cancer cells, suggesting a promising candidate for future cancer therapies.
Researchers have identified iron-manganese alloys as promising candidates for temporary bone fixation. These alloys combine strength, biocompatibility, and degradation properties, allowing them to support bone healing while degrading naturally. However, challenges remain, including controlling the release of manganese, which can pose t...
Researchers at A.C.Camargo Cancer Center developed a more powerful version of CAR-T cells by inhibiting the epigenetic alterations that made them inefficient against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This modification resulted in improved treatment efficacy, tumor elimination, and reduced side effects.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University assessed target genes in canine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to develop molecular targeted therapies. The study identified potential gene targets, including PDGFB, which may improve treatment options for unresectable HCC.
Researchers developed a gene therapy approach to treat chronic hypereosinophilia by delivering an anti-human eosinophil antibody via AAV-based gene therapy. The therapy successfully suppressed blood eosinophil levels in mice, showing promise as a potential treatment for the condition.
A study from Goethe University Frankfurt reveals that venomous crustaceans, specifically remipede crabs in Mexican cenote caves, contain a variety of toxins with pharmacological potential. The xibalbines peptides effectively inhibit potassium channels and activate signaling pathways involved in pain sensitization.
Researchers found that individual PFAS have relatively low cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity levels, but the chemicals act together to make mixtures toxic. PFOA and PFOS were found to be major contributors to mixture toxicity.
Researchers identified CYP2J2 as a key enzyme in austocystin D-mediated cytotoxicity. Overexpression of CYP2J2 enhanced cytotoxic effects, while depletion reduced sensitivity to austocystin D.
A new study found that combining histone deacetylase inhibitors, poly (ADP ribose) polymerase inhibitors, and decitabine resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity in all cell lines tested. This combination impaired DNA repair pathways and altered epigenetic regulation of gene expression.
A study by FAU Harbor Branch researchers found unique patterns of cytotoxicity associated with toxins in the lagoon, suggesting potential human health risks. The study used a panel of immortalized human cell lines to detect and analyze metabolites present in water samples, revealing high toxicity levels at certain sites.
Researchers have isolated and analyzed individual immune cells targeting the hepatitis C virus, providing valuable data for vaccine development. The study found that antiviral treatment reduces cytotoxicity in HCV-specific immune cells, offering a potential pathway to an effective vaccine.
The study investigates the effects of DPDT on human colon cancer HCT116 cells and non-tumorigenic MRC5 fibroblasts. The results show that DPDT preferentially targets HCT116 cells, inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest, likely through DNA topoisomerase I poisoning.
A team of scientists from City University of Hong Kong and HKUST discovered novel, tridimensional compounds with high anticancer activity and low toxicity. These compounds can overcome drug resistance in cancer cells by inducing a different cell death pathway.
A new study found that the antibody-drug conjugate STRO-001 showed nanomolar cytotoxicity in 88% of cancer cell lines tested, with potent efficacy against proliferating B cells. The research supports ongoing clinical studies for patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
A team of researchers from Kumamoto University has developed a transformable polyrotaxane carrier that can facilitate genome editing using Cas9RNP with high efficiency. The carrier, called amino-PRX, is multi-step transformable and has low cytotoxicity, making it an enormously promising candidate for safe and efficient delivery.
New research suggests that ADCC responses and strain susceptibility influence HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission during breastfeeding. Enhancing ADCC through a vaccine may not be sufficient to prevent transmission due to chronically infected individuals' ADCC-resistant strains.
A recent study published in Applied In Vitro Toxicology found that tobacco-free nicotine pouches exhibit reduced levels of toxicants and biological activity compared to combustible cigarette smoke. The products, manufactured by Imperial Brands, showed substantially reduced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in three toxicological assays.
Researchers at Osaka University have found a correlation between T cell activity in lung tumors and blood, predicting the efficacy of immune system-targeting therapy. This breakthrough enables non-invasive diagnosis and personalized treatment planning for lung cancer patients.
Soyasapogenol B (SSB) is a bioactive agent that can be loaded into Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) for targeted delivery. The SSB-loaded MWCNT systems exhibited controlled and sustained drug release profiles, with minimal cytotoxicity to normal melanocytes, liver cells, and breast carcinoma cells.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have found that layered black phosphorous (BP) nanoparticle toxicity is dependent on particle size and concentration. The study reveals that BP's cytotoxicity is based on reactive oxygen species generation, disrupting cell membrane integrity in a particle-size-dependent manner.
Researchers at KAIST have synthesized DNA-copper nanoflowers using eco-friendly conditions, exhibiting high DNA loading capacities and low cytotoxicity. The hybrid nanoflowers show exceptional peroxidase activity, enabling sensitive detection of molecules.
Scientists tested eight common oil spill dispersants and found none showed significant hormone disruption activity. Only high concentrations exceeded safe levels of cell death, but other potential toxins remain untested.
A systematic review of carbon nanotubes' cytotoxicity found that various factors affect CNTs' toxicity, including species, impurities, lengths, and assaying methods. The study emphasizes the need for more complete characterization and determination of cell viability to ensure safe application of CNTs.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to reduce the toxicity of water-soluble carbon nanotubes through surface modifications. The study found that even minor changes can dramatically decrease cytotoxicity, making these nanoparticles more suitable for medical diagnostics and imaging.
Researchers at Rice University discovered a method to mitigate buckyball nanoparticle toxicity by enhancing their surface properties. By modifying the surface of buckyballs with specific molecules, they can dramatically reduce their toxicity to individual cells.
Researchers investigate NEMO submersion in virus-prone boys to identify potential risks and benefits. The study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between viral exposure and physiological responses.