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New UNC Charlotte study reveals how just three molecules can launch gene-silencing condensates, organizing the epigenome and controlling stem cell differentiation

A new study by UNC Charlotte scientists has discovered a self-clustering mechanism in the Polycomb protein CBX2 that is essential for initiating gene-repressive condensates and guiding stem cells toward their proper fates. The researchers found that CBX2 clusters recruit two Polycomb repressive complexes, creating multicomponent repres...

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Discovering cancers of epigenetic origin without DNA mutation

Researchers have found that genetic mutations are not essential for cancer onset, and instead, epigenetic dysregulation plays a crucial role. Epigenetic changes can cause gene expression to be altered, leading to tumour formation even after the signal has been restored.

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USC Stem Cell study throws our understanding of gene regulation for a loop

Researchers discovered that PDS5A modifies DNA loops without affecting histone modifications, enabling the study of loop-mediated gene silencing. The loss of PDS5A disrupted genome organization, leading to aberrant gene activation and potentially driving diseases like cancer and developmental disorders.

Study reveals how the ovarian reserve is established

Researchers identify PRC1 as key to establishing and maintaining ovarian reserve, providing insights into female reproductive health and lifespan. The study's findings may help explain premature ovarian failure and infertility in humans.

Epigenetic switch helps keep early embryo cells on the right track

A study reveals an epigenetic switch that restricts early embryo cells from differentiating into certain tissue lineages. The research identifies PRC2 as a key regulator of gene expression in embryonic development, allowing for better control of stem cell specialization and blastoid formation.

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A novel neurological disorder associated with the Polycomb complex identified

Researchers discovered a novel neurological disorder caused by spontaneous mutations in the RNF2 gene, leading to symptoms such as intellectual disabilities, seizures, and feeding difficulties. The study, led by Dr. Shinya Yamamoto and Dr. Vandana Shashi, found that loss-of-function variants in RNF2 disrupt normal neuronal development ...

'BAH-code' reader senses gene-silencing tag in cells

Researchers have identified a new and evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for silencing genes in mammalian cells. BAHCC1 protein is involved in the Polycomb pathway, which generates a chemical tag to silence genes, and its high expression is linked to leukemia, challenging current understanding of gene silencing.

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Penn biologists show how plants turn off genes they don't need

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a mechanism for regulating gene activity in plants by identifying small DNA sequences called Polycomb response elements (PREs) that direct the silencing of genes. These PREs can be manipulated using gene-editing techniques to alter gene expression without adding foreign gene...

Jarid2 may break the Polycomb silence

Researchers found that Jarid2, a component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2, occasionally activates gene expression in fruit fly embryos. This challenges the traditional view of Polycomb proteins as transcriptional repressors, suggesting a more complex role for PRC2 and its components in development and cancer.

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

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How the wrong genes are repressed: New finding from UCL

Researchers at University College London have identified a new mechanism for how polycomb proteins repress the wrong genes in embryonic stem cells. The discovery has significant implications for tissue engineering and cell differentiation, as it reveals how polycomb proteins control gene activity through interaction with short RNAs.

Tags on, tags off

Researchers at EMBL identified a new Polycomb group complex, PR-DUB, which surprisingly removes the same gene-silencing tag as another complex. This unexpected behavior may be a case of fine-tuning to maintain optimal levels of chemical tagging.

Sugarcoating fruit fly development

Researchers found that adding a sugar tag to nuclear proteins is vital for normal development in fruit flies, revealing a critical link between Ogt and Polycomb protein function.

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Mapping the foundation of human development

Researchers successfully mapped the regulatory circuitry of human embryonic stem cells using microarray technology. The study reveals that Polycomb group proteins play a crucial role in repressing genes essential for later development, leading to uncontrolled growth when these genes are lost.

How embryonic stem cells maintain their identity

Researchers found that Polycomb proteins repress developmental genes, while bivalent domains mark key genes with both repressive and activating characteristics. This helps explain embryonic stem cell stability and differentiation potential.

Mapping dynamic Polycomb group proteins during Drosophila development

Researchers mapped dynamic Polycomb group protein PC and PH across various developmental stages in Drosophila. The study reveals the proteins' diverse binding locations, implying different gene silencing mechanisms. Further analysis is needed to understand their role in development and conservation across species.

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Study helps explain gene silencing in the developing embryo

Researchers have linked Polycomb gene silencing to histone protein methylation, explaining the permanence of Hox gene silencing. The study found that Polycomb proteins function through methylating a specific lysine residue on histone 3, leading to permanent gene silencing.