Articles tagged with Ribonucleases
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study reveals that centromeric R-loops play a critical role in ensuring chromosome alignment during oocyte meiotic divisions. Disruption of R-loop homeostasis leads to spindle assembly defects and chromosomal misalignment, highlighting the importance of R-loops in maintaining genomic stability.
A team of researchers developed a simple and portable test system to detect salmonella in food, eliminating the need for expensive analytical equipment. The assay uses a nucleic acid probe that is cleaved by an RNase enzyme specific to salmonella, resulting in a clear red spot on an absorbent pad indicating contamination.
Researchers have identified RNase T2 as a central component in the innate immune response, which activates the receptor TLR8 when recognizing foreign RNA fragments. The enzyme is highly conserved across species and plays a crucial role in the activation of the receptor.
LMU researchers found that a central component of the innate immune response is activated by two short RNAs generated by site-specific cleavage of a precursor RNA molecule, mediated by the same enzyme RNase T2. The activation of one receptor, TLR8, is triggered by binding of these degradation products.
Two research teams deciphered how RNase H2 and RNase H1 are coordinated to remove RNA-DNA hybrid structures from chromosomes. The study found that RNase H2 primarily acts during the G2 phase after DNA replication, while RNase H1 can act in all phases of the cell cycle.
Most examined circRNAs form imperfect RNA duplexes that act as PKR inhibitors, but rapid degradation by RNase L triggers PKR activation. CircRNA overexpression reduces aberrant PKR activation in SLE patient-derived cells.
A new study suggests combining kinase inhibitors with ribonucleases could lead to better results against melanoma. The combination kills cells more effectively than either drug alone, potentially preventing tumor resistance. Researchers hope to test the combination in clinical trials.
In a breakthrough study, researchers successfully delivered a microRNA called miR-126 via a nanocarrier to improve survival rates in a preclinical model of sepsis. The treatment resulted in over 67% of mice being alive at seven days compared to just 25% of untreated mice.
A KAIST research team developed a new technology to detect RNase H activity using catalytic hairpin assembly, overcoming limitations of existing methods. The technology amplifies detection signals, enabling more sensitive assays and potential screening for inhibitors.
Research at INRS demonstrates that small changes in enzyme structure can significantly impact its function. The study reveals how the subtle dance of atoms affects enzyme activity, shedding light on protein engineering failures and improving synthetic functional enzymes.
Researchers have developed a rolling DNA-based motor that's 1,000 times faster than any other synthetic DNA motor, offering potential for real-world applications in disease diagnostics. The new motor uses a burnt-bridge mechanism to guide its movement, allowing it to travel one centimeter in seven days.
A new study at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has linked a vaccine targeting cancer cells with an altered enzyme that breaks apart RNA, causing cell death. The vaccine targets a carbohydrate called Globo H, which is abundant in many tumors.
Researchers identify how bacteria prioritize instructions and create a 'shredder' enzyme that destroys old messages. By targeting this enzyme with antibiotics, deadly bacterial infections may be killed, providing new hope for treating human illnesses.
Nicolas Doucet's team will develop new tools to study RNases and their role in cancer, inflammation, and asthma. The grant could lead to new medications and a better understanding of enzyme function.
The discovery of RNase L's 3D structure reveals its role in the innate immune system and provides insights into its function. The enzyme helps defend against bacteria and possibly prostate cancer and obesity.
Marc Torrent, a researcher at the Medical Research Council, has been recognized for his outstanding work on antimicrobial regions in proteins and aggregation properties of antimicrobial peptides. His algorithm prediction tool is being applied to full genomes to identify new peptide leads.
Scientists at the University of Missouri are working on a $3.4 million NIH project to create next-generation antiviral therapies by targeting the elusive HIV enzyme RNase H. The goal is to be ready for evolving resistant strains before they emerge, offering new treatment options.
A new study reveals two mechanisms by which cells remove embedded ribonucleotides from DNA: the mismatch repair system and RNase H. This research provides insights into how cells maintain genomic integrity and potentially opens up new avenues for understanding RNA-driven DNA evolution.
Scientists have developed a method to create stable three-dimensional RNA nanoparticles by modifying their chemical structure, making them resistant to RNase degradation. This breakthrough has significant implications for the use of RNA in nanotechnology applications, including targeted therapies for cancer and viral infections.
Researchers at Northwestern University have produced an atomic picture showing how RNase P recognizes and cleaves transfer RNA, revealing the versatility and complexity of RNA as a catalyst. The study supports the idea that RNA played a crucial role in the emergence of life.
Researchers achieve semisynthesis of homogeneous glycoproteins, a complex task in biomedical studies. They used a novel strategy to synthesize ribonuclease C, a glycosylated bovine pancreatic enzyme with a unique sugar component.
Researchers have identified a synthetic version of a frog-derived molecule that could provide a new treatment option for brain tumors. The molecule, known as Amphinase, targets the sugary coating on tumor cells and inactivates RNA within them, causing the tumor to die.
Researchers have identified a group of ribonucleases that play a role in self-incompatibility, a mechanism preventing plants from fertilizing each other. This discovery has the potential to enhance breeding strategies for coffee varieties.
Professor Altman's group will investigate how directly inhibiting protein subunits in human nuclear RNase P affects gene expression. The research aims to understand the basis of this observation, which has important implications for basic biological functions and disease treatments.
A new study by University of Wisconsin-Madison biochemist Ron Raines found that a ribonuclease A protein in humans has the same cancer-fighting potential as a frog-derived protein. The finding opens a door to creating a new class of natural drugs aimed at fighting cancer without side effects.