Articles tagged with Primary Cilia
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stanford University have identified hundreds of proteins in primary cilia, which can lead to disorders affecting the brain, eyes, kidneys, and bones. The study's findings may contribute to improved diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases, including ciliopathies.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen discovered two new ciliary proteins that regulate cell communication and may lead to the development of new treatments for chronic diseases. The study found that defective cilia can disrupt signaling in almost all tissues and organs, leading to various diseases.
Researchers have identified a key protein associated with Meckel-Gruber syndrome that is cut in half to perform two separate functions, both fundamental to healthy cilia development. The findings shed new light on how cilia formation and cell signaling are finetuned by external forces.
Researchers used super high-resolution 3D electron microscopy images to study primary cilia in mouse brain tissue, revealing new information about their organization and function. The findings provide insights into how cilia behave in their natural environment and could help scientists understand their role in disease.
A recent study suggests that tiny antenna-like structures on cells called primary cilia could be a potential therapeutic target for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Researchers have identified mutations in the C21orf2 gene, which impair primary cilia formation and structure, leading to motor neuron death.
Research reveals the structural features of beta cell primary cilia, including microtubule organization and interactions with neighboring cells. The findings suggest that primary cilia play a crucial role in signal transmission and networking of beta cells with other islet cells, potentially linking to type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.
Researchers propose a unified fluid model linking carpet and flame cilia designs, providing a framework for understanding fluid pumping in living organisms. The study's findings have significant implications for the management of pathologies associated with cilia malfunction, such as bronchiectasis and hydrocephalus.
Researchers found that middle-age obesity is caused by age-related changes in the shape of neurons in the hypothalamus, a region controlling metabolism and appetite. A protein called MC4R detects overnutrition and regulates metabolism to prevent obesity. Dietary restriction may help maintain brain anti-obesity systems as we age.
Researchers found that primary cilia length affects wound-healing time, with shorter cilia associated with faster healing. The circadian rhythm influences primary cilia length, leading to enhanced daytime wound repair.
A phase 2 study of idrevloride in hypertonic saline has shown significant improvement in lung function for individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia. The treatment, an epithelial sodium channel blocker, is safe and well-tolerated, offering hope for newly developed treatments for the rare disease.
A team from the National Eye Institute identified Reserpine as a compound that keeps light-sensitive photoreceptors alive in three models of Leber congenital amaurosis type 10, an inherited retinal ciliopathy disease. The study suggests a potential treatment strategy for addressing retinal ciliopathies caused by multiple genes.
Researchers at HHMI's Janelia Research Campus have discovered a new type of synapse between neurons and their primary cilia, which allows for long-term changes in the cell's chromatin. This discovery could help scientists better understand how cells communicate and may lead to the development of more selective medications.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the molecular mechanisms of supratentorial ependymoma, a rare and aggressive form of childhood brain cancer. By targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway and primary cilia formation, scientists discovered new potential treatments that overcame resistance to existing drugs.
A new study found that neuronal cilia play a crucial role in ensuring proper signaling of dopamine receptors, which regulate motivated behavior and movement. Mice lacking functional cilia on dopamine receptor 1-expressing neurons became obese and sedentary, highlighting the importance of cilia in dopamine-dependent neural signaling.
A study found a connection between learning and memory deficits in children with Joubert Syndrome and defects in the hippocampus. The researchers used animal models to create a genetic mutation that mimicked the human disease, revealing key findings about the role of primary cilia in brain development.
A new study on Bardet-Biedl syndrome reveals that defective primary cilia can broadcast signals that worsen symptoms, including kidney problems and intellectual disabilities. Cilia play a crucial role in regulating intercellular communication, and their malfunctioning is responsible for various inherited disorders.
Mouse and human lymphatic endothelial cells use primary cilia to direct lymphatic network growth during development and in response to inflammation and wound healing. The presence of functional cilia is necessary for healthy lymphatic vessel development and proper regulation of lymphangiogenesis.
A Chapman University study discovered that primary cilia have extracellular vesicle-like characteristics, playing a crucial role in cardiovascular function and genetic diseases. The research found that defects in these proteins lead to various organ system disorders, including heart looping and kidney cysts.
Primary cilia, acting as cell TVs to detect signals, are present in fewer numbers in mice with Fragile X syndrome. Increasing their number might lead to reversing neurodevelopmental disorders like autism and intellectual disability.
Researchers found that defective primary cilia can modulate connectivity between neurons during brain development and cause JSRD. Dysfunctional cilia affect axonal tract malformations in JSRD.
Researchers at MUSC found that primary cilia generate approximately 60% of small EVs produced by renal tubule cells, with manipulation of cilium length affecting EV production. The protein content of EVs varies depending on cilia length, suggesting a significant role for cilia in intercellular communication.
Scientists found a unique feature in the 'antennae' of photoreceptor cells, which helps explain why certain mutations cause blindness. The discovery sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying human retinal disease.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered that primary cilia on brain cells play a crucial role in signaling appetite control. Mutations in the MC4R gene, found in nearly all cases of severe obesity, are linked to impaired communication between neurons via primary cilia.
Researchers found that primary cilia on cells of the retinal pigment epithelium are crucial for the survival of photoreceptors. The discovery has advanced efforts to create stem cell-derived RPE cells for transplantation into patients with geographic atrophy, a leading cause of blindness in the US.
Researchers found that defects in primary cilium structure impaired brain development, resembling those seen in autism and schizophrenia. Restoring signaling through primary cilia resolved wiring defects in the brain.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have found that lithium chloride can increase the size of primary cilia, disrupting Hedgehog Signalling and potentially treating osteoarthritis. This discovery may lead to new treatments for arthritis and other conditions.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London found that regulating primary cilia length in stem cells can prevent the production of new fat cells. This study provides new insight into the regulation of fat cell formation and obesity, potentially leading to a new type of treatment called 'cilia-therapy'.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London found that growing adult stem cells on micro-grooved surfaces disrupts primary cilia length, controlling subsequent behavior and specialization. This discovery has potential applications in treating conditions like arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have identified primary cilia as a crucial regulator of inflammation. The discovery could lead to novel therapies for millions suffering from arthritis and other inflammatory conditions.
New research reveals that primary cilia on cells in the retina and liver can form long-lasting contacts with each other, indicating a new role for cilia in cell communication. This discovery suggests that cilia may play a key role in human genetic diseases related to ciliary dysfunction.
Researchers at the University of Alabama, Birmingham have found that mutations in primary cilia can disrupt the functioning of the melanin concentrating hormone receptor, leading to increased appetite and weight gain. This discovery sheds light on the potential link between ciliopathies, such as Bardet-Biedl syndrome, and obesity.
Research at Stanford University School of Medicine has pinpointed the molecular cause of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, a genetic disorder associated with obesity, retinal degeneration, and kidney cysts. The primary cilium acts as a communication hub where signaling pathways take place, influencing weight gain and fat storage.
Researchers discovered a network of genes responsible for initiating and managing primary cilia formation. The study may lead to new therapies for ciliopathies, a group of genetic diseases caused by defects in primary cilia function or structure.
Researchers identified signaling mechanisms used by primary cilia to regulate bone cells' capacity to sense fluid flow. The discovery opens the door to developing drugs that mimic exercise benefits for osteoporosis patients. Primary cilia play a crucial role in detecting mechanical loads, such as exercise, and triggering new bone growth.
Scientists found that primary cilia can either suppress or promote basal cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer. Removing primary cilia from skin cancer cells blocks tumor growth, while boosting cilia function boosts tumor growth.
Researchers at UCSF discovered a tiny filament extending from brain cells, known as primary cilia, may play a role in the most common malignant brain tumor in children. The study found that primary cilia are present in some tumors but absent in others, suggesting they may be used by cancer cells to grow.
The primary cilium is a vital cellular sensor that detects signals to guide cells toward wounds, promoting efficient healing. Defective cilia impede wound closure and lead to uncontrolled cell migration, potentially contributing to invasive cancers and fibrosis.
Researchers uncover new insights into Hedgehog signaling, revealing the primary cilium's crucial role in connecting Smoothened to downstream signaling. This discovery has significant implications for understanding cancer and birth defect causes, as well as advancing stem cell research.
A Yale researcher has found a gene believed to be linked to autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), a condition affecting one in 10,000 children. The study suggests that primary cilia, hair-like projections lining the kidneys' ducts and tubules, play a crucial role in the development of ARPKD.