Articles tagged with Dyslexia
Salk Institute scientists found that maternal immune activation leads to epigenetic changes in mouse brains, increasing the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. These changes were particularly significant in areas of the genome associated with autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers propose a new approach to supporting children with neurodevelopmental conditions by considering the broader neurodevelopmental spectrum. The study identifies a common underlying dimension that reflects the constellation of traits characterizing these conditions across development.
A systematic review of social media platforms reveals that TikTok contains a substantial proportion of misleading information about mental health and neurodivergence, with higher rates of misinformation than other platforms. The study emphasizes the importance of credible sources and evidence-based content to combat spreading false ide...
Cognitive neuroscientists are integrating genetics and AI to study language development and disorders. AI-based models can predict language development in children, while genetics research links rhythm disorders and dyslexia. The brain's wiring connecting language regions also reveals that language is a system, not a single 'thing'.
A University of Houston study challenges traditional views on dyslexia, suggesting it stems from an overall brain network vulnerability. The research identified two developmental origins: one related to brain architecture and another to synaptic signaling, which may be uniquely human.
Five IIT researchers receive Proof-of-Concept grants to develop innovative health technologies, including a smart microscope and edible pills. These projects aim to tackle cancer, dyslexia, and diagnostics with cutting-edge technologies like quantum computing and near-infrared photonic chips.
The study revealed that phonological processing skills continue to impact text reading fluency in adolescents, with better phoneme operation leading to faster coherent text reading. Attitude towards reading also played a significant role, with emotional involvement being crucial for reading skill development.
A new study by MIT researchers suggests that literacy screenings may not be effective due to inadequate teacher training and suboptimal testing conditions. The survey of over 250 teachers found that many lacked sufficient training, leading to difficulties in administering and interpreting the tests.
A new tool has been developed to accurately diagnose dyslexia in adults, using parallel texts that differ in content but are equally complex. The test can be used before and after interventions, allowing for informed conclusions about their effectiveness.
A pilot intervention project involving playful sensory-motor activities improved reading speed and eye movements in children with dyslexia. The study found promising results in improving eye movements and reading speed in eleven children aged 10-12 who underwent a two-month protocol of cognitive engagement, reducing reading time and in...
Researchers argue that a new definition is needed to accurately describe dyslexia and provide specific support. The new definition retains the idea of difficulties with reading and spelling relative to age, ability, or educational expectations.
A large-scale study found that genetic variants associated with dyslexia were linked to differences in brain areas involved in motor coordination, vision, and language. The research also discovered associations between dyslexia-related genes and white matter density in the internal capsule, which is linked to various cognitive traits.
Researchers found overlapping genetic underpinnings between rhythm-related skills and language-related traits, including dyslexia. The study identified 16 regions of the genome that overlapped between rhythm and language, suggesting a complex genetic architecture shared by these fundamental human traits.
Researchers found those with dyslexia exhibited less implicit bias than those with no disability, while those with dyscalculia showed even less bias compared to both groups. This study provides new insights into the development of people with conditions like dyslexia and dyscalculia.
A DNA study by the University of Edinburgh has identified shared genetic links between dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), affecting approximately 10% of the population. The study found that specific genetic regions overlap between the two conditions, with some genes shared between them.
A new study by Durham University found that almost half of dyslexia professionals believe in unproven indicators, such as reading letters in reverse order or high levels of creativity. The researchers are calling for government policy to guide evidence-based assessment procedures to prevent misdiagnosis.
Research reveals people with neurodevelopmental conditions possess various strengths, including improved social skills, creativity, and problem-solving. The study aims to reduce stigma by promoting greater social inclusion and societal benefits.
A new UK study provides insight into the diversity of neurodivergent experiences among adults. The research found significant overlap in characteristics between different neurodevelopmental conditions, as well as distinctive traits associated with each condition. This study offers a framework for examining neurodiversity across the who...
A global study of 1,001 children across 12 countries found that adult talk is the key predictor of language development in infants and toddlers. No effects were found related to socioeconomics or multilingualism.
Girls tend to excel in reading skills compared to boys, mainly due to differences in vocabulary development and parental engagement. Boys face greater challenges in reading comprehension, particularly if they lack exposure to books and interactive conversations.
Researchers found that whole-word errors are influenced by egocentric position, while unilateral paralexias are not. A failure of selective attention also contributes to whole-word intrusion errors. The findings suggest different rehabilitative approaches are needed for each type of error.
Researchers found that phonetic encoding in babies emerged gradually over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds and nasal sounds. Parents should speak to their babies using sing-song speech as soon as possible to help them learn language.
Researchers at UTHealth Houston identified two brain networks involved in reading, working together to integrate word meanings. The study used electroencephalography recordings from patients with epilepsy to measure neural activity while reading complex sentences.
Researchers at UTHealth Houston received $15 million in NIH BRAIN grants to study brain processes related to speech, epilepsy, and reading. A new minimally invasive device will be developed to record brain activity during speech, while another project aims to disrupt seizures using neuromodulation.
Researchers created monthly infant brain atlases to track normative trends in brain development. The atlases reveal changes in brain structure, cortical geometry, and tissue contrast, shedding light on conditions like ADHD and dyslexia. The study aims to facilitate discovery of new insights into child cognition and social behavior.
A study published in the Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research found that children with dyslexia often perform well on simple phonological tests, but struggle with more complex tasks. The researchers suggest that these more complex tests better predict a child's risk of dyslexia.
Researchers argue that people with dyslexia have specific strengths in exploring the unknown, which has contributed to their successful adaptation and survival as a species. This 'explorative bias' plays a crucial role in our ability to adapt to changing environments.
A study found that trainee teachers who received AI-generated feedback improved their diagnostic reasoning, identifying potential learning difficulties in pupils more accurately. The AI system analyzed the trainees' work and provided clear, adaptive feedback.
A new study reveals that greater left-brain asymmetry is related to both better and average performance on reading ability tests, depending on the analysis method used. The findings support two opposing theories of language processing, suggesting a complex relationship between brain structure and speech sound processing.
New research from Technische Universität Dresden aims to improve treatment for developmental dyslexia by targeting sensory pathways. The 'ReDyslexia' project combines basic neuroscience understanding with neurostimulation techniques to enhance therapeutic approaches.
Research reveals that dyslexic children process visual information slower and less accurately than their peers, with brain activity differences detected. This study challenges previous assumptions about the effects of dyslexia on brain processes.
Research published in JNeurosci found that children with dyslexia take longer to gather visual evidence, indicating altered motion processing and decision-making. This slowdown corresponds to differences in brain activity, particularly in centro-parietal regions involved in decision making.
A new study from Anglia Ruskin University found that increasing space between letters can improve reading speed for both dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Dyslexic children showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while non-dyslexic children saw a 5% improvement.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham discovered that humans process written words rapidly, using pre-processing judgments within 100ms, and that this activity is linked to the complexity of the word. This study has significant implications for diagnosing and training individuals with dyslexia where pre-processing is impaired.
A new study reveals that people with dyslexia sample visual information slower and with more difficulty when reading. The researchers found a direct link between eye movements and reading speed in individuals with the learning disorder.
Researchers at Aalto University used neuroimaging to identify where the brain activates among children identified as having a high risk of dyslexia. The study found that difficulties in processing sounds and learning new words are linked to the left auditory cortex, making reading more difficult.
A University at Buffalo researcher found that the brain's reading network is connected to cognitive domains beyond reading, including math. The study identified a 'connectivity fingerprint' suggesting that reading proficiency affects how we approach tasks and solve problems in other areas.
A new study found that children with dyslexia exhibit greater emotional reactivity than their peers, which is correlated with stronger brain connectivity in the salience network. This suggests that dyslexia may be associated with both cognitive and social strengths, but also vulnerability to anxiety and depression.
Researchers from Université de Genève demonstrate a causal relationship between brain oscillations at 30 Hz and phoneme processing essential for reading. Non-invasive brain electrical stimulation improves phonological deficits and reading accuracy in adults with dyslexia, paving the way for targeted non-invasive therapeutic interventions.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that brain stimulation therapy can alleviate sound-processing deficits and improve reading accuracy in adults with dyslexia. The therapy, known as transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), was shown to be particularly effective for individuals with poor reading skills.
Dyslexia compromises phoneme processing due to continuous acoustic variation in natural speech, making detection of phonemes challenging for individuals with developmental reading-deficit dyslexia. Neural-level evidence suggests difficulties in categorizing speech sounds, impacting the learning of native language phonemes.
Researchers developed MusVis to measure interaction differences in children with and without dyslexia, using language-independent content and machine learning. The tool aims to detect dyslexia before language skills development and reduce school failures.
Researchers have identified biomarkers that can predict children at risk for dyslexia and other reading acquisition disorders, suggesting a strong neural scaffolding in infancy. Studies using MRI imaging show that babies as young as 3 months old have underlying brain characteristics that predict success in reading years later.
A Norwegian University of Science and Technology study found that children with dyslexia and math difficulties may struggle with visual processing, which can impact movement detection. Researchers used an app to investigate the issue, highlighting the importance of understanding individual learning challenges.
A study found that Italian and English speakers with primary progressive aphasia experience different speech and reading difficulties due to their native languages. Italian speakers tend to produce simpler sentences but struggle with pronunciation, whereas English speakers have more trouble pronouncing words.
A new study published in Human Brain Mapping found that the cerebellum is not engaged during reading in both typical readers and children with dyslexia. The research suggests that difficulties in phonological processing, a key feature of dyslexia, are more closely related to brain regions in the left cortex.
A new study found that trainee doctors with dyslexia are less likely to pass the UK GP clinical skills exam, especially if they declare it after failing at least once. The research highlights the need for further investigation into the challenges faced by candidates with dyslexia and potential solutions to support them.
Children with dyslexia struggle with integrating auditory and visual information due to lack of coordinated processing in the brain's reading network. The study suggests that tests can be developed to identify dyslexia before children fall behind their peers by focusing on audiovisual integration.
New research reveals structural changes in lower and higher brain structures in individuals with dyslexia, including reduced connectivity between the thalamus and auditory cortex. This study broadens our understanding of dyslexia, a common learning disability, to include alterations in brain structure.
A new study found that athletes with a specific gene variant associated with dyslexia were less likely to suffer concussion injuries. The study suggests that the more diffuse wiring of the dyslexic brain may provide neuroprotection against impact injuries.
Researchers found that volunteers with dyslexia read faster when using green filters than without, while those without dyslexia showed no difference. The study suggests that the filters may attenuate cortical hyperexcitability in the brain, leading to improved reading performance.
Researchers identified a larger volume of gray matter in resilient readers in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is important for executive functions and working memory. This finding may help develop new reading interventions that emphasize executive functions and working memory.
A recent study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found that children with developmental dyslexia are more prone to visual deficits than their typically developing peers. Visual function deficiencies were common among the children with dyslexia, suggesting a potential link between vision processing and reading difficulties.
A University of Washington study found that specialized tutoring can change brain connections and improve reading performance. After eight weeks, neural circuitry strengthened in struggling readers, leading to improved reading skills.
Research by University of Bangor and Basque Centre on Cognition, Brain and Language finds bilingualism reduces dyslexia symptoms in adults. Bilingual individuals experience less severe problems with English reading and phonological processes compared to monolingual dyslexics.
Leading expert Julian Elliott argues that current US Federal and State dyslexia laws ignore scientific evidence and prioritize expensive diagnoses over early intervention. He advocates for a focus on identifying reading difficulties in children and providing targeted support, rather than pursuing a dubious diagnosis of dyslexia.
Researchers found that UK doctors with dyslexia who declare their condition before taking the licensing exam have similar passing rates as those who don't disclose. However, overseas candidates who initially failed the exam were more likely to declare dyslexia afterwards.
Researchers found that action games enhance visual and reading attention in players, potentially aiding those with dyslexia. The study suggests that specific components of action games can be used to create new software to combat the disorder.
Studies show that spelling problems in dyslexic children can modify or impair their writing skills. Researchers analyzed the relationship between learning to spell and physical writing processes, finding that spelling difficulties significantly affected handwriting.
A new approach to detecting dyslexia has been developed by associating auditory processing in children with their reading skills. The study found that children who had difficulty processing low-frequency sounds were more likely to have reading problems and may be at risk of developing dyslexia.