Articles tagged with Epidermis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials found that wrinkled skin is caused by its tendency to buckle under pressure due to age-related changes in its mechanical properties. As people age, their skin becomes more prone to wrinkles as it stretches and contracts in different directions.
Researchers from Binghamton University confirm the long-held 'urban myth' that saltwater dries out skin, increasing tissue stiffness and stress. A simple solution to alleviate tightness is taking a shower after coming out of the ocean.
Researchers found that new strains of Cutibacterium acnes, a species believed to contribute to acne development, are acquired during the early teenage years. This transitional stage could be the best window for introducing probiotic strains of C. acnes to prevent acne.
A cohort study found that women with screen-detected estrogen receptor–positive or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer who underwent prior screening had an earlier stage of diagnosis and lower breast cancer mortality compared to those who did not undergo prior screening.
Researchers from CNRS found that applying a mixture of sunscreen and insect repellent simultaneously decreases UV protection. The study used skin biopsies and computer tool analysis to measure the stress response of skin cells to radiation.
Researchers developed a durable de-icing surface inspired by human skin's layered structure, achieving exceptional performance with low ice adhesion strength. The surface design creates extensive wrinkling at the ice-substrate interface, allowing ice to shed under its own weight without external energy inputs.
A new classification system for SJS/TEN divides the disorder into five types based on causative factors and diagnostic algorithms. This typology aims to bring clarity to diagnosis and treatment by providing consistent criteria for identifying underlying causes.
A POSTECH research team found that EGF/EGF-like domains interact with GlcNAc-based biopolymers to achieve strong underwater adhesion without oxidation, leading to durable and reversible bonds.
Researchers at the University of Iowa Health Care have identified a cellular route used by Ebola virus to traverse skin layers and emerge onto the skin surface. The study suggests that the skin's surface may be one route of person-to-person transmission, with human skin specimens actively supporting EBOV infection.
Researchers discovered that Prostaglandin E2 drives skin cells to age and enables some of these cells to become pre-cancerous, leading to increased cancer risk. The study found that blocking PGE2 reduced the chances of aged cells becoming precancerous.
Researchers at Maynooth University are leading a two-year study to develop non-abrasive bandages that can be sprayed onto the skin and melted away painlessly. The goal is to reduce the agony experienced by those living with Epidermolysis Bullosa, a genetic skin condition affecting over 500,000 children and adults worldwide.
Researchers discovered interleukin-38 forms condensates in keratinocytes, driving programmed keratinocyte death and epidermal renewal. The study offers a new perspective on human epidermis and sheds light on skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
A team from UNIGE analyzed the formation of grooves in dog noses using 3D imaging and computer simulations. They found that differential growth of skin tissue layers leads to the formation of domes, supported by blood vessels.
Researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered that disruptions in the basement membrane zone between the epidermis and dermis could make it harder for pigment-producing cells to adhere. An enzyme called matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) may be overexpressed, leading to disturbance of the basement membrane.
Researchers have identified a 3D fragment of fossilized skin that is at least 21 million years older than previously described skin fossils. The ancient skin shares features with reptiles alive today, highlighting the importance of epidermis for survival in terrestrial environments.
Researchers found a significant increase in extracellular vesicles released by aged keratinocytes, which were also enriched with specific microRNAs. These EVs impaired young keratinocyte proliferation and organogenesis, mimicking aged skin defects.
A recent study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology has revealed that hemoglobin is present in the epidermis, the outermost layer of our skin. This discovery adds a new facet to understanding the skin's defense mechanisms against aging and cancer.
Scientists developed a synthetic melanin that accelerates wound healing and protects against sun damage. The cream also quiets the immune system, allowing for continuous repair and reducing inflammation.
A large study found a significant link between vitamin D levels and psoriasis severity, with lower levels associated with greater severity. The research suggests that a vitamin D-rich diet or oral supplementation may provide benefits for individuals with psoriasis.
Researchers found that daily consumption of dealcoholized muscadine wine for six weeks improved skin elasticity and barrier function, while reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Although wrinkles were not significantly affected, participants showed significant improvements in skin smoothness.
Researchers have found that spiny mice possess bony plates called osteoderms in their tails, a feature previously thought to be exclusive to armadillos. The discovery reveals that osteoderms can emerge and disappear multiple times in vertebrates throughout evolution.
Researchers discovered how sea anemones distribute sugar from symbionts to recycle nitrogen waste, enabling them to build massive reef ecosystems. The study reveals that sea anemones play a major role in recycling scarce nitrogen, challenging the belief that algae are the sole actors.
A new study presents a chronic wound murine model that characterizes the role of persistent senescent cell accumulation in delayed wound closure. The molecular profiles of senescent cells demonstrate the adverse influence of SASP factors, highlighting a potential root-cause-driven therapeutic strategy.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have identified a new cell type, named F-Cell, that plays a crucial role in touch sensing in fruit flies. The study published in Nature Cell Biology reveals that F-Cells are recruited to tactile hairs and participate in sending signals to neighbouring epidermal cells.
Researchers developed bioprinted artificial skin that mimics human skin, reducing animal testing in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The model achieved similar results as traditionally produced models, passing international validation tests, including barrier function and irritant response assessment.
Researchers discovered that dermal contact with nicotine concentrations found in thirdhand smoke and electronic cigarette spills can impair wound healing, increase susceptibility to skin infections, and cause oxidative stress in skin cells. The study suggests that even a short exposure of 24 hours is sufficient to cause skin damage.
Patients with Merkel cell carcinoma face a high risk of recurrence, with 95% of cases occurring within the first three years. The study found that advanced age, male sex, immunosuppression, and known primary lesions are associated with higher recurrence rates, highlighting the need for targeted surveillance efforts.
A research team has developed an in vitro diseased skin model that displays the pathophysiological hallmarks of type 2 diabetes using 3D cell printing technology. The model exhibits slow re-epithelialization, insulin resistance, and pro-inflammatory response, similar to diabetic skin.
Researchers have identified p62 as a multifunctional protein that influences inflammatory changes in diseased epidermis. Inhibiting p62 leads to alleviation of chronic inflammation, suggesting it as a promising therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
Researchers discover that targeting VEGFA signaling in the epidermis prevents psoriasis development, including immune cell infiltration and blood vessel formation. A therapeutic anti-Nrp1 antibody demonstrates significant therapeutic benefit in treating psoriatic disease.
A recent study by Medical University of Vienna professor Leopold Eckhart reveals the key molecular and evolutionary origins of mammalian adaptations in skin proteins. The research found that fully aquatic mammals require only one set of epidermal keratins, suggesting a unique evolutionary path.
Researchers at UNIGE discovered that African elephant skin channels are true fractures of the animal's brittle skin, created by local bending mechanical stress. This unique adaptation allows them to absorb and retain more water than flat surfaces, cooling down through evaporation.
Researchers have solved the mystery of steam burns, revealing that water vapour penetrates skin pores to cause second-degree burns. The epidermis cannot protect against steam, which condenses in the lower dermal layer, releasing thermal energy and triggering damage. To minimize damage, cooling is essential for a long time.
The study found that the EGF receptor is crucial for tight junction barrier formation in the epidermis, a process previously understood to be limited to lower layers of the skin. Mechanobiology also plays a role, with cells sensing pressure and tension through connections between each other.
Scientists discovered that buttercup petals contain a one-cell thick epidermis with a yellow pigment, which acts as an optical film reflecting light. The starch layer also scatters light, enriching the flower's bright yellow color. This complex anatomy produces a glossy sheen and advantages pollination and seed maturation.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a new method for capturing high-resolution, three-dimensional images of the deep structure of skin in living mice. The study reveals that basal cells divide obliquely in thicker skin and parallel in thinner skin, contributing to the maintenance of epidermis thickness
A team of researchers has developed the first lab-grown epidermis with a functional permeability barrier, enabling the testing of drugs and cosmetics without animal subjects. The new epidermis, grown from human pluripotent stem cells, can be scaled up for commercial use and tailored to study specific skin conditions.
Researchers found that UVB exposure activates keratinocyte hyaluronan synthesis through Has3 enzyme, indicating a potential adaptation mechanism to radiation damage. This activation may also be targeted for regulation in tissue malignancy and pre-cancerous alterations.
A University of Manchester scientist has discovered the mechanism behind skin cells' tight binding, which could lead to new treatments for debilitating skin diseases and heart problems. The study found that glue molecules bind specifically to similar molecules on neighboring cells, creating a resilient structure.
Researchers at I-STEM Institute have made significant breakthrough in stem cell research by recreating a whole epidermis from human embryonic stem cells. The goal is to provide an unlimited resource of cells as an alternative treatment for victims of third-degree burns and patients with genetic diseases affecting the skin.
Researchers discovered that caspase-14 plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's balance of moisture and protecting against UVB radiation. The protein helps to regulate the processing of a key protein involved in skin structure, which can explain dehydration.
Plant researchers Sigal Savaldi-Goldstein and Joanne Chory have uncovered the mechanism behind plant growth, showing that the epidermis is the driving force behind cell expansion. The study, published in Nature, reveals a previously unknown mode of communication between shoot tissues.
Researchers at Salk Institute find epidermis controls plant growth signals, allowing them to manipulate growth pathways. Dwarf Arabidopsis plants that lack BRI1 receptor expression are made larger by driving its expression in the outer layer.
Researchers have found that green tea polyphenol EGCG can reactivate dying skin cells, accelerating their growth and differentiation. This could lead to new treatments for skin diseases and wounds, such as aphthous ulcers and psoriasis.
Researchers used a laser scalpel to dissect fruit fly tissue and understand the complex process of dorsal closure, which is crucial for human spinal malformation prevention. The team's findings showed that the system is resilient and can compensate for individual tissue disruptions.
Biologists at UCSD observed a protein gradient in developing fruit fly embryos that triggers division into nervous system and epidermis. The findings confirm Alan Turing's hypothesis from the 1950s, providing insights into embryonic development.