Articles tagged with Foot Bones
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Researchers have discovered footprints of ankylosaurid armoured dinosaurs, known as Ruopodosaurus clava, in the Canadian Rockies. The 100-million-year-old fossilized footprints provide evidence that tail-clubbed ankylosaurs were alive and well in North America during a previously unknown period.
A new pterosaur species reveals key transitional changes between early and later groups, shedding light on the evolution of these flying reptiles. The complete specimen helps bridge the gap in understanding how they transformed from smaller to larger sizes.
Scientists discovered two new species of predatory birds in the Hell Creek Formation, which lived alongside dinosaurs like T. rex 68 million years ago. The fossils indicate that these birds could have hunted small mammals and baby dinosaurs using their powerful foot bones.
Scientists analyzed hoof prints and foot bones from modern horses to discover what happened to the lost digits. The team confirmed that the distant ancestors of modern horses had hooved toes instead of a single hoof, which vanished over time.
Researchers found a 51,000-year-old engraved bone in the Unicorn Cave, showing evidence of Neanderthal creative talent. The carved notches suggest that Neanderthals independently developed artistic skills before modern humans arrived in Europe.
Researchers confirmed ogre-faced spiders use metatarsal sensitivity to detect sound cues from up to 6 feet away, triggering a split-second backflip to strike airborne insects. The spiders' finely tuned sensory systems and unique hunting strategy enable them to capture prey in mid-air.
An experimental study found that wearing footwear with toe springs requires less work from the muscles of the feet to walk than shoes with a flatter sole. The higher the upwards curve of the toes, the less work the foot muscles had to perform to support the joints when walking.
Researchers found that captive wild boars developed greater muscle force than their natural counterparts, transforming them into 'bodybuilders'. This study provides a new methodology for archaeologists to analyze domestication processes and could aid in reintroducing captive-bred animals into the wild.
A study reveals early hominin forefoot evolution facilitated bipedal locomotion. The degree of dorsal doming in metatarsophalangeal joints correlated with MTPJ range of motion and was important for bipedalism, suggesting adaptations appeared over 4.4 million years ago.
Western University researchers have found a high prevalence of bone lesions in the feet of 19th-Century Dutch farmers who wore wooden shoes, also known as klompen. The study suggests that these shoes were partly to blame for the injuries and trauma suffered by the farmers.
A recent study on the internal anatomy of a fossil human relative's heel bone reveals greater similarities with gorillas than chimpanzees. The researchers discovered that this fossil, from the StW 352 Australopithecus africanus, exhibited gorilla-like levels of joint mobility and structural reinforcement.
A team of researchers discovered the oldest evidence for cancer and bony tumors in human fossils, dating back 1.7 million years. The findings push back the origins of these diseases from recent times to deep prehistory.
Researchers found that marathon runners had higher stiffness indices than sedentary individuals, indicating improved bone quality. The study suggests that endurance running training can modify the mechanical properties of bones, potentially preventing age-related decline in bone mineral density.
A new study on Homo naledi foot bones reveals that the species was well adapted for standing and walking on two feet but also likely comfortable climbing trees. The analysis provides insight into the skeletal form and function that may have characterized early members of our genus.
An interdisciplinary team has developed a new method to analyze the structure of long bones, providing insights into human evolution and functional morphology. The study focused on the big toe's impact on gait and locomotion, revealing structural differences between humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas.
Researchers used ArcGIS to analyze a human foot bone, revealing patterns of tension and compression that reveal how the bones were used during life. The study provides a proof of concept for using geographic software to study internal bone structure.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a method to determine the biological sex of skeletal remains based solely on foot bone measurements. The study found that tarsal bones in the feet are reliable indicators of sex, with specific combinations of measurements leading to accurate determinations.
A new study reveals a 47-million-year-old primate, Notharctus tenebrosus, with a toe bone showing features of both nails and a grooming claw. This finding challenges previous classifications of primates and raises questions about the evolution of claws in our ancestors.
A new foot bone from Hadar, Ethiopia, reveals Australopithecus afarensis had stiff, arched feet similar to modern humans. This finding supports the hypothesis that A. afarensis was primarily an upright walker, with its well-formed arch allowing for efficient walking and running on two feet.
A 3.2 million-year-old fossil foot bone found in Ethiopia shows that human ancestors walked bipedally with a modern human-like foot, resolving a long-standing debate among paleoanthropologists. The discovery provides strong evidence for the arches and supports a modern-human style of locomotion for Lucy's species.
A study published in PLoS ONE found that Tyrannosaurus rex had bite marks on its own bones, indicating cannibalism. The research suggests that T. rex may have eaten smaller dinosaurs as well, and that its eating habits were different from those of modern species.
Some African frogs have a unique defense mechanism where they puncture their own skin with sharp bones in their toes, creating claws capable of wounding predators. This unusual trait is found in at least 11 species and may be used infrequently, only when threatened.
Researchers have discovered 53 million-year-old rabbit's foot bones that predates the oldest previously known rabbits by several million years. The fossils found in west-central India show advanced rabbit-like features and extend the record of rabbits on the Indian subcontinent by 35 million years.
Researchers found early humans started using supportive footwear around 26,000 years ago to reduce toe bone strength. This change was likely caused by the introduction of protective footwear, which reduced the roll of the little toes and weakened them over time.
A study of 26 male college basketball players found that MRI screenings can help identify at-risk players and prevent injuries. Custom-fit shoe supports and orthotics can provide relief and prevent further debilitating injuries.
Duke University Medical Center researchers analyzed the forces at work during common basketball maneuvers and found that added arch support in athletic shoes can reduce maximum forces on the fifth metatarsal. This preventative action appears to relieve constant stresses and pressures, potentially preventing season-ending foot injuries.
A study published by the American Physiological Society reveals a strong correlation between plantar pressure and skin perfusion distribution in diabetic patients. The researchers found that areas with high plantar pressures, such as the metatarsal heads, had significantly lower skin perfusion values.
Researchers found a correlation between unexplained foot fractures and low bone density, a primary symptom of osteoporosis. The study suggests that podiatrists should inspect patients with at-risk conditions for early signs of osteoporosis.