Articles tagged with Nonhuman Primates
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A study found that prenatal alcohol exposure changed aspects of the dopamine system in rhesus monkeys, influencing how quickly they drank alcohol in adulthood. The researchers also discovered individualized neuroadaptive responses to drinking, which may promote the transition to alcohol use disorder.
Researchers found that hot spring bathing in Japanese macaques subtly reshapes their relationships with parasites and gut microbes. The study suggests that behavior can shape the animal holobiont and act as an important driver of animal health.
Dr. Noritaka Ichinohe challenges the long-held assumption that averaging away individual differences is necessary in psychiatric research. Instead, biological heterogeneity is seen as a phenomenon demanding explanation. The author's work on primate brain mapping and molecular subtyping has identified convergence points between species ...
Researchers discovered cerebellar signals strengthen visual cues during learning, facilitating precise visuomotor associations. This finding highlights the cerebellum's crucial role in cognitive functions beyond motor control.
Researchers at Tulane University have developed the first vaccine able to protect nonhuman primates from melioidosis, a long-neglected and deadly tropical disease on the rise. The vaccine uses outer membrane vesicles to trigger a powerful immune response.
Researchers at the German Primate Center discovered that Guinea baboons distribute meat according to patterns similar to those of human hunter-gatherer groups. The strength of relationships between animals determines who gets what, with closer ties leading to more peaceful transfers.
Research finds lemurs evolved in multiple successive radiations, with hybridization contributing to new species emergence. Over 100 lemur species exist, but many are endangered due to habitat destruction and climate change.
Researchers identified two major steps in the evolution of human bipedality, involving a shift in the growth plate and changes in bone formation. These genetic shifts, driven by genes such as SOX9 and PTH1R, fundamentally altered the pelvis geometry, enabling humans to walk upright.
A study by Steve Chang explores how oxytocin influences brain activity to shape social behavior in rhesus monkeys. The researchers found that oxytocin increased activity in the basolateral amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex when monkeys were socially motivated, maintaining beneficial decisions and social task behavior.
Female gorillas avoid groups with males they grew up with and instead seek out familiar females, highlighting the importance of social relationships in dispersal decisions. The study reveals that investing in these relationships can be crucial for cooperation within groups.
Research on gorillas reveals that females prioritize relationships with females they've lived with in the past when joining a new group, indicating importance of familiar connections. This network strategy helps facilitate the formation and maintenance of social relationships, even after years apart.
A new study has coined the term 'scrumping' to describe great apes' fondness for eating ripe, fermented fruit from the forest floor. The researchers suggest that this behavior may have played a significant role in the evolution of human alcohol tolerance.
Researchers found that Issa Valley chimpanzees frequently climb trees for valuable food, which could explain why early hominins retained arboreal adaptations. The study suggests that safely navigating the canopy remained important for large, semi-arboreal apes in open habitats.
Researchers explored neuroanatomy underlying social dominance in nonhuman primates, focusing on the uncinate fasciculus and its correlation with social dominance measures. The study found a significant correlation between this brain tract and social aggression, supporting human studies linking it to social dominance.
Researchers found that ring-tailed and sifaka lemurs show differences in life pacing and lifespan, making them useful comparisons to human evolution. The study suggests that lemurs avoid the phenomenon of inflammaging widely observed in humans, pointing to potential differences in aging mechanisms.
Researchers have identified a single genetic difference in Fas Ligand, an immune protein, that makes it vulnerable to being disabled by plasmin, a tumor-associated enzyme. This vulnerability seems unique to humans and may contribute to the effectiveness of certain cancer treatments.
Researchers from The University of Osaka found that Japanese macaques remain close to and care for their dying companions, displaying human-like reactions. The study reveals strong social bonds can affect behavior even after death, suggesting emotional capacities in non-human primates.
In a groundbreaking study, scientists observed chimpanzees in Uganda using medicinal leaves to clean and treat their own and others' wounds. The research provides insight into the cognitive and social foundations of human healthcare behaviors, highlighting the potential for natural remedies and community care.
Researchers found that both bonobos and chimpanzees console peers at similar rates, but with greater variation within each species. Older apes are less likely to comfort younger ones in both groups.
Scientists successfully grow chimpanzee naive-type pluripotent stem cells, revealing key mechanisms for self-renewal and differentiation. The study's findings shed light on the evolutionary conservation of these properties, offering a powerful tool for investigating early developmental processes.
A large-scale database of macaque behavior is driving a shift towards open science, bringing together researchers from across the globe to share data on social lives of over 3,000 individual monkeys. The platform has grown into a collaborative effort promoting culture of sharing within the research community.
Researchers successfully treated atherosclerosis and fatty liver disease using DT-109 in nonhuman primates, which has potential as a dual therapy for two common conditions. The compound reduced the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and stopped critical processes that lead to vascular calcification.
A study on captive olive baboons found that about a quarter exhibited accelerated aging, while another quarter showed signs of slower aging. The researchers investigated physical indicators such as walking speed and fine motor skills, but found that these changes were more closely related to chronological age than epigenetic age.
Researchers found that oxytocin receptors were more abundant in egalitarian lemur species, contributing to reduced aggression and increased harmony. The findings could shed light on the role of hormones in shaping behavior in humans and other animals.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have observed wild chimpanzees consuming and sharing fermented African breadfruit containing ethanol, raising questions about the potential benefits of alcohol consumption in primates. The study suggests that chimps may be seeking out alcohol for social bonding and relaxation, similar to humans.
A study by University College London anthropologists found that macaque mothers experience a short period of physical restlessness after the death of an infant, but do not exhibit typical human signs of grief. In contrast to human bereavement, macaque mothers spent less time resting in the first two weeks after their infants' deaths.
The study provides a comprehensive reference for six ape species, including siamang, Sumatran orangutan, gorilla, bonobo, and chimpanzee. The ape genomes offer new insights into human and ape evolution, genetic differences among species, and potential therapeutic applications.
Researchers discovered how monkeys produce 'voice breaks' and 'ultra-yodels' using their vocal membranes, which allow for a wider range of calls. These unique vocalizations enable monkeys to communicate in different ways, particularly in complex social lives.
Researchers have developed a nonviral gene delivery system to introduce transgenes into cynomolgus monkeys, expanding the use of genetic models for human disease research. The piggyBac transposon system allows for precise selection of modified embryos and flexible expression control.
Researchers compared cortical organization between humans and macaques, as well as humans and chimpanzees, to identify distinctively human neuroanatomical features. Unique prefrontal cortex organization and connections between brain regions associated with emotional regulation, social cognition, and language processing were found.
Researchers found that hibernating lemurs' telomeres got longer, contrary to the usual decrease with age, suggesting a potential way to reverse cellular aging. This study, conducted at Duke University and the University of California, San Francisco, provides insights into the mechanisms behind lemur's remarkable survival strategy.
Researchers at Wisconsin National Primate Research Center and Morgridge Institute for Research have developed a universal, small-diameter vascular graft using stem cell-derived arterial endothelial cells. The graft overcomes limitations of current clinical options, which include invasive procedures and limited donor availability.
Female Guinea baboons court males with special foraging skills more intensively due to the short-term benefits they provide. This suggests that females prioritize immediate rewards over long-term evaluations of male competence.
A recent study comparing the sexual behavior of bonobos and chimpanzees during stressful periods has provided insights into humans' own behavioral origins. Both species utilized sex to manage social tension, with bonobos engaging in 'make-up sex' after conflicts and chimpanzees using sex in various ways to ease tensions.
Researchers studied wild female Japanese macaques to understand their internal states. The study found that the absence of close proximity with group members during resting periods increases stress levels, while co-feeding with a related female during foraging leads to increased stress due to competition.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have discovered a human antibody called mAb 3A6 that may prove useful against deadly outbreaks. The antibody was isolated from an Ebola survivor and found to block infection by binding to the viral stalk, offering protection at a very low dose.
In a groundbreaking study, macaque monkeys demonstrated the ability to form connections between visual images and auditory signals, as well as verbal cues. This remarkable capacity for cross-modal learning was observed even when the spoken words were presented by new individuals.
A study on six Japanese macaques reveals that bodily responses like self-scratching predict pessimistic judgment bias, but not vice versa. This suggests an evolutionary conserved system where monkeys address immediate needs through bodily responses before engaging in cognitive information processing.
Kinda baboons exhibit a unique social structure where males actively cultivate long-term bonds with females, persisting across reproductive states. This behavior challenges traditional classifications of baboon social structures and may offer insights into primate evolution.
A study on captive chimpanzees found that when one individual pees, others are more likely to follow, with lower-ranking individuals being more likely to pee in response. This suggests that urination patterns are influenced by social hierarchy, with a tendency for the behavior to 'flow down' the dominance structure.
A new self-destructing vaccine provides improved safety and protection against TB in macaque monkeys, outperforming the standard BCG vaccine. The 'kill switch' mechanism eliminates the risk of accidental infection, offering a safer vaccination option for immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers found genetic variants that confer a benefit to chimpanzees in specific habitats, particularly those related to malaria. The study suggests that climate and land use changes will impact different chimpanzee groups differently.
Researchers found that monkeys swiftly identify snakes because of snake scales as a visual cue, revealing an evolutionary adaptation for threat detection. This insight into primate vision and brain evolution can improve our understanding of animal cognition.
A study by Durham University found that bonobos orphaned by the illegal trade in bushmeat and pets can develop social abilities despite early life trauma. Researchers observed 83 bonobos at different stages of their lives, finding that female bonobos' social skills increased with age, while males' decreased, similar to wild interactions.
A new method reveals a complete timetree of primates, including over 450 species, after aggregating untimed and timed phylogenies. This comprehensive tree represents the most complete description of primate evolution to date, enabling further research in fields like biogeography and conservation.
Wild chimpanzees remember the location of underground army ant nests, using spatial memory to recall their exact position. They also modify their behavior based on previous encounters with the insects, utilizing episodic-like memory to distinguish between visits where ants were present and those where they weren't.
A new study suggests that chimpanzees exhibit complex behaviors involving the production of elaborate sequences, including planning and adjusting action sequences on the fly. This research provides further evidence that chimpanzees possess human-like technical flexibility.
A new study using genetic links reveals that chimpanzee populations traded advanced toolsets across generations, demonstrating a cumulative culture. Female migrations played a key role in spreading innovation, with complex tools built upon simpler versions.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that great apes and adult humans alternate attention between two subjects when observing an event, similar to human language's agent-patient relationship. This suggests that the way brains order events evolved before language.
A study of 57 adult chimpanzees found that social play before group activities like hunting or territorial defense increased collaboration and cooperation. Play also helped to relieve tension and resolve conflicts, suggesting its role in maintaining cohesive societies.
Researchers found chimpanzees of all ages displayed contagion of grooming and playful behaviors, with younger chimps more susceptible to play contagion. This behavioral contagion may help strengthen social bonds by reinforcing friendly behaviors.
A new review highlights the differences in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease between humans and non-human primates, revealing that primate brains are more resistant to aging-related damage. The study suggests that tau tangles play a critical role in Alzheimer's progression, challenging the amyloid cascade hypothesis.
A new Harvard study finds humans possess higher metabolic rates than primates and apes, allowing for bigger brains, longer lifespan, and increased reproduction. Humans have 'escaped a tradeoff' between resting and active metabolism due to unique sweating ability.
Researchers found that chimpanzees complete more difficult tasks when watched by multiple people, while performing worse on easier ones. This 'audience effect' suggests a unique bond between chimps and humans, influencing task performance.
Researchers are using deep learning to help protect chimpanzees in the Greater Mahale Ecosystem, Tanzania. A new acoustic detector has been developed to identify chimpanzee sounds and monitor population density more efficiently, allowing for better conservation strategies.
Ecologists argue that ethanol is naturally present in nearly every ecosystem and likely consumed by most fruit- and nectar-eating animals. This consumption could carry benefits for wild animals, such as a source of calories and potential medicinal benefits.
Scientists at UC Davis have identified new clusters of cells with differing gene expression patterns in the human and non-human primate amygdala. These findings suggest that alterations in specific cell types may contribute to disorders such as anxiety, and could lead to more targeted treatments.
A new study by University of Technology Sydney researchers challenges the Infinite Monkey Theorem, finding it unlikely a monkey can type out Shakespeare's works before the universe ends. With around a 5% chance, even an increased number of monkeys would not produce the Bard's entire works.
A new study found that older macaques with smaller social networks suffer less from infectious disease. The research suggests a powerful reason for reduced social connections in aging animals, including humans.
Fossils from over 600,000 years ago show a shift in animal communities between warm and cold climate fluctuations. The Notarchirico site provides evidence of the emergence and disappearance of species such as cave lions, straight-tusked elephants, and red deer.