Articles tagged with Calculus
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study reveals that dairy was a key component of early human diets on the Tibetan Plateau, consumed by diverse populations including females and males. Dairying supported prehistoric occupation of the highland region, allowing humans to thrive in extreme environments.
Researchers found that the brain's cortex uses principles of calculus to implement a 'stop' signal, allowing for quick and precise decision-making in goal-directed behaviors. The study reveals how the brain integrates learned rules with sensory information to guide actions.
A study examining ancient calculus samples from skeletal remains in South Tyrol and Trentino discovered previously unknown species of microorganisms. The researchers found that the diversity of oral microbiota decreased significantly over a short period of time, likely due to changes in diet and lifestyle.
The new course will use real-life scenarios and technology to help students see how they can apply calculus to solve problems in the world. Students will be able to choose from a variety of homework sets and worksheets based on their interests, and an electronic textbook with free access will also be available.
A team of researchers from Singapore and Japan have identified a new genus and species of xanthid crab with strongly asymmetrical male and female reproductive structures. The discovery reveals an evolutionary innovation that is unique among the 7,800 known crab species, allowing these crabs to mate effectively.
Researchers applied a new method to analyze ancient dental calculus, identifying dairy proteins and bacterial fragments that shed light on ancient diseases. The single-pot solid-phase-enhanced sample preparation (SP3) approach increased the number of unique protein fragments detected.
Researchers analyzed ancient dental calculus from 41 individuals and found milk proteins in 8 individuals, dating back to 4,000-3,200 years ago. The study suggests that early African pastoralists consumed dairy products without the genetic adaptation for lactase persistence, possibly through fermentation.
A team of researchers has found evidence that people in the Levant were eating turmeric, bananas, and soy in the Bronze and Early Iron Ages, tracing back to South and East Asia. Long-distance trade in culinary goods connected distant societies since at least the Bronze Age.
Research on dental calculus reveals a monotonous potato-based diet for the poor, supplemented by eggs and wheat when available. The study of 42 people's remains found evidence of corn, oats, and milk foodstuffs, shedding new light on the Great Famine's social disaster.
A study of 42 skeletons from the Kilkenny Union Workhouse identified corn and milk as primary sources of starch and protein in the victims' diets. This research provides insight into historical diet patterns and offers new methods for analyzing skeletal remains to reconstruct past nutritional habits.
A 45-60 year old medieval woman found to have lapis lazuli pigment in her dental calculus, suggesting she was an accomplished painter of illuminated manuscripts. The analysis challenges long-held beliefs about women's role in manuscript production and uncovers a remarkable life history.
A Harvard University study of over 6,000 college freshmen found that students who mastered algebra, geometry, and trigonometry had twice the impact on college calculus success as those who took calculus in high school. Weaker math students who took calculus in high school actually benefited the most from the class.
The University of Illinois Department of Mathematics has received the American Mathematical Society Award for its successful programs, including an internship program and active learning initiatives. The department has also expanded its Actuarial Science Program and improved student representation.
Researchers developed a new setpoint-tracking strategy using fractional calculus to improve the response time and stability of automated systems. The approach outperformed classical integer-order filters in tracking complex paths, offering potential benefits for applications like robotics, self-driving cars, and medical devices.
Researchers created tools called disturbance observers using fractional calculus, which estimate and eliminate disturbances in systems. The new approach outperformed existing methods, particularly when combined to handle highly fluctuating disturbance signals.
Researchers developed a fractional order model to estimate Lithium-ion battery charge, reducing errors of up to 1% compared to traditional methods. The model replicated the battery's performance and provided accurate results, promising to reduce drivers' anxiety on the road.
A study of ancient dental calculus from the Balkans has provided direct evidence that Mesolithic foragers consumed domesticated plants, including wheat and barley, as early as 6600 BC. The findings challenge the established view of Neolithization in Europe and suggest a possible independent introduction of domestic cereals to the region.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers suggests that women's decision to leave a STEM path after Calculus I is largely driven by confidence in their math abilities, rather than ability itself. If the same percentage of women as men stuck with STEM after Calc I, the percentage of women entering the STEM workforce could be ...
Researchers Meyer and Shankar develop an analytical model to calculate the optimal price for hybrid bundles, considering factors such as element quality, cost, and scalability. The study finds that retailers can increase profits by pricing services higher when they are less scalable than goods.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma and Arizona State University demonstrate that dental calculus can be used to recover high-quality genetic information from ancient humans. The study uses advanced sequencing technologies to extract DNA from six individuals, providing new insights into Native American archaeology.
A study of ancient dental plaque found in Qesem Cave, Israel, reveals that early Palaeolithic humans ate a diverse diet rich in nuts and seeds. The discovery also suggests that these ancient humans had knowledge of local ecology and were able to manage smoke from fire using internal hearths.
Researchers found charcoal and respiratory irritants in ancient teeth, indicating early humans suffered health effects from indoor air pollution. The discovery provides the first direct evidence of manmade pollution on Earth, dating back 400,000 years.
Researchers analyze ancient teeth to determine the plant-based food sources of Easter Islanders before European contact. The study finds that starch grains in dental calculus are consistent with modern sweet potato, contradicting previous findings on palm as a staple food.
A team led by a University of Oklahoma professor has discovered direct evidence of milk consumption preserved in human dental plaque from the Bronze Age to the present day. The study provides conclusive proof that humans consumed dairy products for at least 5,000 years, corroborating previous findings on milk fats.
Researchers extracted chemical compounds and microfossils from ancient teeth to study prehistoric diets. The analysis suggests that purple nut sedge was a staple food source with medicinal and aromatic qualities.
A new study reveals that prehistoric humans consumed purple nut sedge for at least 7,000 years, demonstrating their understanding of nutritional and medicinal properties. The analysis of dental calculus from ancient human teeth found evidence of cooking, plant processing, and the use of this plant as a food source.
Researchers discovered disease-causing bacteria in medieval dental plaque similar to those causing periodontal disease in humans today. The study sheds light on the long-term relationship between humans and their resident microbes.
Researchers discovered a 'microbial Pompeii' in ancient dental calculus, revealing opportunistic pathogens and periodontal disease-causing bacteria. The study also recovered dietary DNA, providing insights into ancient diets and the origins of antibiotic resistance.
The study analyzed over 400 geoscience student exit survey responses, identifying that 70% of participants took Calculus I and II, with a drop in further mathematics coursework after those classes. PhD candidates pursued multiple courses beyond Calculus II, while all three groups took at least one chemistry and physics course.
Researchers discovered molecular evidence of medicinal plant use by Neanderthals at El Sidrón, suggesting a sophisticated knowledge of natural surroundings. The study found evidence of cooked carbohydrates and varied plant consumption, challenging previous assumptions about Neanderthal diet.
Researchers found that tiny fragments of plaque can provide clues about ancient diets by analyzing stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This new method avoids the need for destructive methods like analyzing bone or hair, which are often too expensive or perishable.
A study by economists Scott Carrell and James West found that experienced professors better prepare students for future academic success. However, students' teaching evaluations often reflect short-term gains rather than long-term knowledge retention.
Researchers at the University of Alberta designed materials that link mathematical concepts to real-world scenarios, such as disease transmission, to enhance learning. Students used these materials to calculate the West Nile virus's reproductive number, gaining a deeper understanding of math in science.
Engineering programs retain students equally to other majors, and women are just as likely to stick around as their male counterparts. However, a narrow path exists for students to migrate into engineering from other majors, highlighting the need for institutions to adopt universal prerequisites.
Michael Viscardi, an eighth-grade student, excelled in calculus and graduate-level mathematics courses at the University of California, San Diego. His exceptional performance has earned him a $1,000 award from the American Mathematical Society, and his research on function construction is set to be published.
Scholars Netz and Saito discovered Archimedes' treatise on The Method of Mechanical Theorems, which includes a proof dealing with infinitely large sets. This finding challenges conventional wisdom that Greeks disliked handling infinity.
The COW project provides an interactive teaching tool that offers real-time feedback to students, helping them better understand calculus concepts. The site features 123 program modules and thousands of problems, making it an effective supplement to traditional classroom instruction.