Articles tagged with Whole Numbers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at West Virginia University found that babies born to teen mothers weigh less and are smaller for their gestational age. The study highlights the role of social, geographical, and educational factors in teen pregnancy prevention.
A WVU statistician is developing new methods to analyze curve-type data for predicting extreme weather patterns, financial turmoil and pollution levels. The research aims to create innovative tools for understanding high-resolution data and addressing regional risks in mountainous states like West Virginia.
A pioneering study introduces a unified approach to ambiguity resolution in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise positioning. The Multiple Integer Candidates Ambiguity Resolution (MICAR) algorithm enhances precision and speed of GNSS positioning by exploiting multiple integer candidates.
Researchers found that ants need three main things to succeed when hitchhiking: climbing ability, foraging/colonizing behaviors, and temperature tolerance. The study tracked the spread of invasive ants through non-commercial transport on personal vehicles, highlighting a significant threat to native species.
A novel method for precise orbit determination and clock estimation in quad-system satellites simplifies data processing and improves accuracy by up to 9%. This approach reduces computational workload by 70%, enabling more reliable and precise GNSS products globally.
Almost a quarter of Australians with disabilities smoke, compared to 12.6% of the wider population. Targeted strategies are needed to address socioeconomic challenges, physical restrictions, and lack of trained professionals.
A research paper reveals a suburban backyard is home to 1,150 unique species of animals, plants, and fungi. The study's authors discovered unexpected diversity, including 436 moth and butterfly species, 56 spiders, and eight reptiles.
Researchers identified genetic mutations in peas that enable high iron accumulation, opening doors for biofortification of staple crops like wheat and barley. This breakthrough has the potential to reduce iron deficiency anaemia globally.
Researchers demonstrate probabilistic computing's capabilities by simulating networks of stochastic nanodevices to solve specific NP problems. The simulations agree with theoretical solutions, indicating the potential for scaling up this approach.
University of Copenhagen researchers Asger Dag Törnquist and David Schrittesser solved the long-standing problem of an 'ever-winning lottery ticket.' They found that complete coincidence does not exist in lottery numbers, preventing the existence of a winning ticket. The team's solution confirms Mathias' 1969 hypothesis.
A new study by Cass Business School academic Dr Janina Steinmetz confirms that people tend to judge entire groups based on the performance of their first member. The research found that a bad experience at the 'first' register or position leads to harsher judgments about the group, while a good experience results in greater positivity.
Researchers taught bees to recognize 'greater than' and 'less than' inequalities, and they successfully applied this knowledge to understand the concept of zero. This groundbreaking study reveals that even with a limited number of neurons, insects can grasp abstract mathematical concepts.
FontCode embeds hidden information in ordinary text by imperceptibly changing font shapes, making it difficult to detect. The method works with most fonts and document types, allowing companies to prevent tampering and protect copyrights without altering the layout.
MIT researchers developed a system that can quickly analyze tens of thousands of lines of code to find security flaws in popular web apps. The new debugger, called Space, evaluates data access procedures and identifies seven common ways web applications control access to data.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL have developed a new algorithm, DIODE, to detect integer-overflow bugs in programs. The system works by feeding a single sample input and recording each operation performed on it, allowing it to identify potential security vulnerabilities.
Case Western Reserve University professor Colin McLarty has simplified the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem by using only finite-order arithmetic, reducing reliance on strong set theory. This breakthrough, inspired by Grothendieck's work, opens new avenues for number theorists to tackle similar problems.
The new type of controller proposed by researchers Concepción A. Monje Micharet and her team allows for the tuning of more control parameters, making it more versatile and applicable to various systems. The method can be easily implemented on programmable logic devices due to its use of simple linear equations.
Researchers at Polytechnic University of Valencia have created a new ranking system for Spanish savings banks using 'programming by goals' method. The study provides a more precise overall vision of the savings banks, giving information about their situation and position in potential mergers.
Researchers from North America and Europe have solved the first trillion cases of an ancient mathematics problem on congruent numbers, discovering over 3148 billion new solutions. The breakthrough was achieved through a complex technique for multiplying large numbers.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that pi's randomness is acceptable for data encryption and physics problems, but not always the best. Some commercially available random number generators outperformed pi in certain tests, suggesting that the quality of the algorithm used can impact randomness.
A team of mathematicians, led by University of Georgia Professor Dino Lorenzini, have solved a four-decade-old math problem involving groups A and B. They demonstrated that the number of elements in group B is always a perfect square under certain conditions.
A new study found that smaller communities of websites accumulate incoming links in a more evenly balanced way, making them less susceptible to malicious attacks. The research suggests that the web's growth pattern is driven by rational processes rather than a desire to connect with dominant sites.
A systematic study of Greek quarries may help archaeologists pinpoint the source of famous sculptures like the Elgin Marbles. The research used stable isotopic composition and geochemical structure to deduce specific origins for ancient marble, providing new dimensions to the growing field of marble studies.
Ernie Croot, a graduate of Centre College, solved the problem, showing there will always be some way to find one of these special sets. The solution has connections with deep questions in theoretical computer science.
Cornell University researcher Carla Gomes has received $700,706 in grants to develop faster methods for tackling combinatorial problems. She plans to use a high-performance computing facility with 32 linked desktop computers to test new ideas.
As baby boomers age, their stepchildren and stepgrandchildren may take on increased caregiving responsibilities, expanding the pool of family members who can provide support. The analysis suggests that traditional views of support ratios for retirement and long-term care may need to be reconsidered.
A recent study by researchers at Oregon Health Sciences University found that beta-carotene supplements did not increase immune cell counts in HIV-infected patients. The study, led by Dr. Gregg O. Coodley, concluded that high doses of beta-carotene are not recommended for HIV-infected patients.