Articles tagged with Adducts
A new type of DNA damage, glutathionylated DNA adducts, accumulates at high levels in mitochondrial DNA, affecting energy production and stress response. The discovery sheds light on how cells sense and respond to stress, with potential implications for diseases like cancer and diabetes.
Scientists have developed a novel synthesis method for trivalent phosphorus compounds, leveraging an adduct-catalyzed tandem electro-thermal approach to produce high-yielding organophosphorus compounds with improved efficiency and selectivity. The approach also enables the in-situ consumption of renewable energy sources.
Quinone-based carbon capture systems have been found to trap and release CO2 from the atmosphere through two distinct mechanisms. The study provides critical insights into the interplay of electrochemistry in these safer systems.
A new UK study sheds light on the effects of benzopyrene exposure on human cells, revealing new insights into DNA repair mechanisms and their connection to cancer development. The research suggests that understanding these mechanisms could help predict individuals more susceptible to cancer-causing agents.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have discovered how quickly certain pre-cancerous lesions can form on the DNA of our skin when exposed to sunlight, a finding that could lead to more effective prevention methods. The research reveals that these mutations can form in as little as three picoseconds after exposure to UV light.
Isocyanides, key in pharmaceuticals and functional materials, are hampered by their foul odor. A new noncovalent bond blocks this odor, reducing air concentration by up to 50-fold.
Researchers studied how colibactin damages DNA and created a novel technique to identify DNA adducts. They isolated and characterized the products of the reaction with DNA, revealing a cyclopropane ring structure that forms the colibactin warhead.
Exposure to aflatoxin, a liver carcinogen, is associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in a small Chilean study. The study found higher levels of aflatoxin-albumin adducts in patients with gallbladder cancer compared to controls.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a method to amplify gene samples containing damaged DNA adducts, which are common in cancer. This breakthrough could enable the analysis of molecular mechanisms involved in cancer initiation and risk factors.
A team of scientists has successfully isolated and characterized a crucial chemical intermediate, which was previously only inferred from indirect evidence. The researchers used solid-state characterization and computational modeling to understand the stability factors and design more stable adducts for further study.
Scientists have developed a new way to analyze archived biopsy samples for exposure to carcinogenic substances, providing insights into the role of environment in cancer risk. The breakthrough enables broader use of stored tissue samples to study human exposure and DNA damage.
Researchers found that acetaldehyde, formed after alcohol metabolism, damages DNA and triggers cancer. People of Asian descent with a genetic variant are more susceptible to esophageal cancer due to impaired acetaldehyde conversion.
A new saliva test can measure the levels of five key DNA adducts, which form when potentially cancer-causing substances bind to DNA. The test is convenient and non-invasive, making it a potential tool for health promotion and disease prevention.
A case-control study of 300 bladder cancer patients and 300 control subjects found higher levels of arylamine-hemoglobin adducts in cancer patients than in control subjects. The findings suggest exposure to arylamines is a causal factor for most cases of bladder cancer in humans, with potential non-smoking-related sources identified.
A study found that acrylamide triggers mutagenesis by damaging DNA in mammalian cells. Low concentrations of acrylamide increased mutations in a transgene, similar to those caused by the known carcinogen BPDE.
A study by UC San Francisco researchers found that adolescent smokers incur more severe DNA damage than adult smokers, which can increase the risk of lung cancer. The study, published in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, suggests that smoking during adolescence may produce physiologic changes leading to persistent DNA damage.
A study by Penn State researchers found that microwaving or roasting garlic can destroy its anti-cancer activity, unless the herb is chopped or crushed first. However, a 10-minute standing period allows an enzyme to react with chemicals, producing allyl sulfur compounds that retain anti-cancer properties.