Articles tagged with Crystalline Silicon
Chinese scientists have developed a dual-side electrical refinement strategy for large-area TOPCon solar cells, achieving an open-circuit voltage of 744.6 mV and a fill factor of 85.57%. The breakthrough sets a new record for industrial-scale solar cells, narrowing the gap between mass-production efficiency and theoretical limit.
Researchers at University of California, Riverside, found that symmetrical silicon molecules can be fine-tuned for quantum electron behavior, turning conductivity on or off like a molecular-scale switch. This discovery could lead to ultra-small switches and thermoelectric devices, revolutionizing electronics.
Researchers developed a compact, solid-state laser system that generates 193-nm coherent light, marking the first 193-nm vortex beam produced from a solid-state laser. This innovation enhances semiconductor lithography efficiency and opens new avenues for advanced manufacturing techniques.
A newly developed ion crystal clock has demonstrated record accuracy, reaching an uncertainty close to the 18th decimal place. This achievement marks a significant step towards redefining the second in the International System of Units (SI), as optical clocks are now 100 times more accurate than current caesium clocks.
Researchers create multilayered chip design that doesn't require silicon wafer substrates, allowing for better communication and computation between layers. This breakthrough enables the construction of fast and powerful AI hardware comparable to supercomputers.
Kobe University has developed a new way to produce colors using nanospheres, which could reduce the environmental impact of paints and cosmetics. The technology uses silicon spheres to scatter light, creating bright and brilliant colors that do not fade or change with viewing angle.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed an innovative method to synthesize amorphous nanosheets from challenging metal oxides and oxyhydroxides. The process uses surfactants to create ultrathin layers with numerous defects, making them excellent active sites for catalytic reactions.
Researchers at Rice University have made a breakthrough in synthesizing formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar cells into ultrastable, high-quality photovoltaic films. The overall efficiency of the resulting FAPbI3 solar cells decreased by less than 3% over 1,000 hours of operation.
Researchers at Kobe University developed a new approach to producing colors using the scattering of light from tiny silicon crystals. The material enables non-fading structural colors that do not depend on the viewing angle and can be printed, promising significant weight improvements over conventional paints.
Researchers at Columbia University have synthesized the first 2D heavy fermion material, CeSiI, a layered intermetallic crystal composed of cerium, silicon, and iodine. The material has electrons that are up to 1000x heavier than usual, enabling exploration of quantum phenomena such as superconductivity.
Researchers at Nagoya University used AI to analyze image data of polycrystalline silicon and discovered staircase-like structures that cause dislocations during crystal growth. The study sheds light on the formation of dislocations in polycrystalline materials, which can affect electrical conduction and overall performance.
The team created an ultraclean transfer process using a hybrid stamp, resulting in atomically clean interfaces and minimal strain. This breakthrough enables the commercialization of 2D material-based electronic devices with novel hybrid properties.
Scientists successfully demonstrated the deflection of terahertz waves using distorted photonic crystals, mimicking gravitational effects. This breakthrough has significant implications for 6G communications and graviton physics.
Researchers have developed a new semiconducting material called multielement ink that can be processed at low temperatures, paving the way for more sustainable semiconductor industry. The breakthrough enables faster and lower-energy production of semiconductors, which could significantly reduce carbon emissions.
A new strategy optimizes optical and electrical characteristics of thin c-Si solar cells, improving conversion efficiency by 28% compared to industrial thick counterparts. The proposed design uses a layer transfer method and metal nanofilms for enhanced light absorption and surface passivation.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed an AI-based technique to predict crystal orientation in polycrystalline materials, revolutionizing the industry. The method uses optical photographs and reduces measurement time from 14 hours to 1.5 hours, enabling large-area materials analysis.
A research group led by Osaka Metropolitan University has proven that 3C-SiC exhibits high thermal conductivity, equivalent to the theoretical level. The crystal purity and quality of the material were found to be key factors in unlocking its high thermal conductivity.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to fabricate ever-smaller transistors from 2D materials by growing them on existing silicon wafers. The new method, called nonepitaxial, single-crystalline growth, enables the production of pure, defect-free 2D materials with excellent conductivity.
Georgia Tech researchers developed a new nanoelectronics platform based on graphene, enabling smaller devices, higher speeds, and less heat. The platform may lead to the discovery of a new quasiparticle, potentially exploiting the elusive Majorana fermion.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have solved a long-standing puzzle about cubic silicon carbide's thermal conductivity, which is higher than previously thought. The team measured an isotropic high thermal conductivity of over 500 W m–1 K–1, ranking it second only to diamond.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a method to synthesize single-crystalline graphite films of up to inch scale, overcoming the critical issue of small size due to weak interaction between layers. The resulting films exhibit exceptional thermal conductivity and uniform quality.
A team of researchers at Rice University has developed a new method to detect tiny cracks in concrete using silicon fluorescence. The technique involves applying a thin coat of opaque paint to the concrete and shining near-infrared light on it, revealing even the smallest microcracks.
Researchers used a neutron beam to perform pendellösung interferometry on silicon, achieving the highest precision measurements to date. The technique provided insights into the crystal's mechanical and thermal properties, as well as the neutron's charge radius and short-range forces.
Researchers used a groundbreaking technique to study silicon crystals and neutron particles, revealing new information about a possible fifth force of nature. The study achieved fourfold improvement in precision measurement of the silicon crystal structure factor.
NIST scientists use a novel technique to measure the properties of silicon crystals, revealing new insights into subatomic particles and the strength of a possible fifth force. The results provide improved precision and complementary information for both X-ray and neutron scattering.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt and Bonn have synthesized molecular nano spheres made of silicon atoms, known as silafulleranes, which can encapsulate chloride ions. The discovery of these new compounds may lead to improved applications in electronics, solar cells, and batteries.
Researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich developed a nanostructured, transparent material for the front of solar cells, achieving efficiencies of up to 23.99%, surpassing crystalline silicon cells. The new design offers passivation, transparency, and high electrical conductivity, paving the way for large-scale industrial production.
Researchers have successfully created translucent solar cells with a high efficiency level of 12.2%, solving issues of flexibility and transparency. The development paves the way for integrating solar cells into everyday infrastructure, such as energy-generating vehicles and buildings made from glass.
Researchers in Korea have developed a strategy to transform opaque solar cells into transparent ones, allowing for more efficient energy harvesting. The transparent solar cells have a high-power conversion efficiency of 12.2 percent and long-term stability, making them ideal for turning windows into solar panels.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new method for producing atomically-thin semiconducting crystals, which could lead to advances in quantum computing, nanotechnology, and consumer electronics. The breakthrough method enables faster and less expensive production of next-generation semiconductor crystals.
Researchers at KAUST have developed corrugated arrays of interdigitated back contact solar cells with screen-printed aluminum contacts that can bend without cracking. The cells have a record-breaking efficiency for both silicon solar cell efficiency and bendability.
Scientists at Osaka University used scanning tunneling microscopy to create images of atomically flat side-surfaces of 3D silicon crystals, a crucial step towards designing smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient computer chips. The achievement paves the way for innovation in semiconductor manufacturing.
Researchers have successfully doped organic single crystals with a new ultra-slow deposition technique, achieving high doping efficiency and detecting the Hall effect signal. This achievement marks the dawn of organic single crystal electronics, paving the way for future devices like high-performance solar cells.
Gallium nitride (GaN) layers grown on SOI wafers exhibit higher crystalline quality and improved breakdown characteristics than those grown on silicon substrates. This enables the use of clearly higher voltages in power electronics and reduces losses and crosstalk in high-frequency applications.
Researchers at EPFL and CSEM have developed a robust and effective system to store solar energy by converting it into hydrogen through water electrolysis. The new system, which combines existing components, achieves a high level of stability and cost efficiency, enabling the generation and storage of enough hydrogen to power a fuel cel...
Scientists can now track and see individual phosphorus atoms in a silicon crystal, confirming quantum computing capability. This discovery has potential use in nano detection devices and is a world-first in atomic-resolution imaging.
Researchers at Lehigh University have made a breakthrough in creating single crystals from glasses, which could enable the use of disordered materials in high-tech applications like lasers and LEDs. The new method uses a novel heating strategy to convert glass into a single crystal without unwanted crystals forming.
A team of Cornell researchers has developed two-dimensional superstructures out of single-crystal building blocks, showcasing atomic coherence and superior electrical properties. The discovery has potential applications in energy absorption and light emission, but challenges remain to further improve the results.
A new mix of materials eliminates doping, a complex process that degrades performance, to create highly efficient silicon solar cells. The new design enables the creation of high-efficiency solar cells in just seven steps.
Scientists successfully integrated compound semiconductor crystals made of indium arsenide into silicon nanowires, overcoming a major obstacle in chip technology. The production method, which involves ion implantation and heat treatment, enables the creation of 'hetero-nanowires' with improved performance.
Theorists propose using a bottom-up approach to create hybrid quantum devices by placing superconducting regions within silicon crystals. This could combine the benefits of both silicon spin qubits and superconducting circuits, enabling more robust qubit designs.
A new study found that tiny silicon crystals caused no health problems in monkeys three months after large doses were injected. The crystals, known as quantum dots, are promising for diagnostic imaging in humans due to their ability to absorb and emit light in the near-infrared spectrum.
Scientists have created a way to produce crystalline silicon directly at just 180 F by using liquid metal, offering a more efficient and environmentally friendly process. The new method has the potential to significantly reduce production costs and make alternative semiconductors more viable for solar energy applications.
Researchers have discovered a novel method to create ferroelectric crystals on silicon, enabling the creation of non-volatile memory and temperature sensors. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more efficient electronics with instant-on capabilities.
Researchers successfully stored and retrieved information using the nucleus of an atom, demonstrating a single atomic nucleus as quantum computational memory. The breakthrough enables faster processing speeds and longer memory times for quantum computing.
Australian scientists and optical engineers are working with the International Bureau of Weights and Measures to create a perfect sphere from a single crystal of exceptionally pure silicon. The goal is to redefine the kilogram, currently defined by a physical object in France, using a fundamental constant of nature.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a series of phase transitions that cause silicon crystals to round their edges as they reach thermal equilibrium. This finding has implications for the manufacturing of tiny electronic components, such as wires and semiconductors, which could be designed with specific patterns.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have developed a novel technique for tailoring silicon nanocrystals on 4-inch wafers, enabling the mass production of these tiny crystals. By controlling the size and position of the nanocrystals, the team aims to improve the efficiency of light-emitting devices such as LEDs.
A tiny gallium arsenide bar has been developed that can bend infrared beams with minimal loss of light, opening possibilities for more efficient lasers and photonic computing. The device uses a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure with strategically placed holes to filter out unwanted wavelengths.
Researchers at Purdue University are designing software to manufacture superior crystals, enabling better electronic hardware and alloys. Space experiments have uncovered critical information on crystal formation in the absence of gravity, which is incorporated into mathematical models.
Crystals grown in space may produce better semiconductor materials due to reduced gravity effects. The 'detached growth' process, performed on the space shuttle, has produced pencil-thin crystals with uniform distributions.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) prototype that functions as a clock source, replacing traditional quartz crystals. The MEMS devices are made from polysilicon and can be built on one chip with integrated circuits, reducing manufacturing costs and increasing reliability.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute achieve record-purity gallium arsenide crystal, allowing electrons to travel at 14.4 million centimeters per second. This breakthrough enables the creation of faster and more efficient electronic devices, such as semiconductor transistors.
Researchers at Cornell University have achieved a breakthrough in materials science by growing single crystals of any material on a semiconductor substrate. This technique opens doors for manufacturing new classes of devices in optoelectronics and microelectronics, including lasers, detectors, sensors, and computer chips.