Articles tagged with Oxygen Reduction
Researchers at Kyoto University have directly captured intermediate structural states of the Na⁺-NQR enzyme using cryo-electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. The study reveals that redox reactions drive sodium ion transport by changing the enzyme's structure, allowing ions to pass through the bacterial cell membrane.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes developed a drug called HypoxyStat that mimics the effects of breathing low oxygen, extending lifespan by over three times in mice with Leigh Syndrome. The drug reversed brain damage, muscle weakness, and other symptoms of the disease, even when given late in life.
Researchers uncover a novel reaction pathway in weak-binding metal-nitrogen-carbon single-atom catalysts, contradicting the traditional Sabatier principle. This discovery offers new insights into their exceptional catalytic behavior.
Researchers found that brief ozone exposure reduces blood oxygen saturation, triggers hypoxia-related biomarkers, and increases arterial stiffness. Ozone pollution is a worldwide health issue, linked to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers successfully tuned the first coordination shell environment of Sb centres to exhibit strong affinity for oxygen reduction, improving catalytic performance. The orbital stabilisation effect mitigates *OH steric hindrance, accelerating formation of *OOH and demonstrating excellent long-term durability.
Researchers developed a novel catalyst with integrated magnetic field, achieving 90% H2O2 production efficiency and significantly enhancing the reaction's performance. The new approach requires minimal amounts of magnetic materials, making it safer and more practical for large-scale applications.
Researchers have developed a new platinum-nickel core-shell catalyst that exhibits significant boosts in activity and durability, making it a promising solution for sustainable energy applications. The catalyst's excellent performance is attributed to its core-shell design and improved surface strain.
A team of researchers led by Professor Beom-Kyeong Park has made a breakthrough in enhancing solid oxide fuel cell efficiency with a rapid PrOx coating method. The study demonstrated significant enhancements in SOFC electrode performance, reducing polarization resistance and boosting peak power density.
Researchers have developed a machine learning model to identify high-performance multicomponent metal oxide electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. The study found that certain features, such as itinerant electrons and configuration entropy, are critical for achieving high current density in ORR.
Tohoku University researchers created a reliable means of predicting the performance of molecular metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts. Their breakthrough uses pH-field coupled microkinetic modeling to evaluate charge transfer at the Fe-site, identifying suitable surrounding functional groups for oxygen reduction reactions.
Researchers discovered that electron and proton transfer mechanisms during oxygen reduction reactions vary depending on electrolyte cations, enabling improved energy conversion efficiencies. This breakthrough suggests optimizing reaction pathways without using costly electrodes.
The study revealed a pH-dependent evolution in the catalytic activity of M-N-C materials, with some exhibiting remarkable stability and performance across acidic and alkaline environments. The researchers validated their theoretical predictions, affirming the accuracy of their models in predicting key catalytic parameters.
Researchers introduced three strategies to enhance catalytic performance of Ni SACs, including support structure modification and surface treatment. The article highlights the potential of Ni SACs in controlling product distribution and reducing cost, while also discussing existing challenges and future development outlook.
A new study from Gladstone Institutes has greatly expanded the scientific body of knowledge about how the body responds to too much oxygen. The research highlights a particular protein, MYBBP1A, that may play a central role in regulating cells' response to hyperoxia.
A team of scientists constructed micro-mesoporous metal-organic framework and carbon nanotube-based composite catalysts showing excellent oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic activity. The presence of MNx sites was found responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a selective catalyst that curbs corrosion in fuel cells, increasing durability three times compared to traditional catalysts. The catalyst's performance is attributed to the robust interaction between titanium dioxide and platinum.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a zinc-air battery with an open circuit voltage of over 2V, overcoming the major bottleneck for metal-air batteries. By arranging acidic/alkaline electrolytes in tandem, they were able to generate a higher voltage and improve output power density.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics have developed an air-breathing cathode for alkaline nickel-zinc batteries, improving cycling stability and energy efficiency. The novel battery exhibits ultra-long lifespan and high energy efficiency, surpassing conventional Ni-Zn batteries.
Scientists discovered that the first complex, multicellular life forms on Earth were wiped out 550 million years ago due to oxygen loss in the oceans. The researchers used nearly every known Ediacaran animal's environment and habits to disprove previous explanations for their disappearance.
Researchers in China designed a strategy to improve zinc-air battery performance by combining two transition metals, atomic iron and nickel, which deliver high electrocatalytic activity. The resulting rechargeable batteries achieve high peak power density, working rates, and long lifespan.
A research team revealed the mechanism of oxygen activation on Barium-containing perovskite materials. The study discovered that BaO/BaO2 nanoparticles precipitated on the surface of Ba-containing materials under high-temperature oxygen-rich conditions had ultra-high activity for oxygen activation.
Researchers investigated the effect of temperature on Ionic-liquid-modified non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, demonstrating that IL modification significantly increases ORR activity and stability, even at elevated temperatures. The study confirms the SCILL concept's potential in improving LTFCs.
A comprehensive review of similarity theory in PEMFC research reveals its potential to accelerate progress. The study highlights the benefits of using dimensionless analysis to compare results and reduce testing efforts. However, challenges remain in developing integrated performance criteria.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a bifunctional catalyst for the oxygen electrode, enabling high round-trip energy efficiency in unitized regenerative fuel cells. The catalyst, Pt-Pyrochlore, has a bifunctionality index of 0.56 volts and achieved a RTE of 75%.
Recent research advances in wet-chemical synthesis of two-dimensional metal nanomaterials have improved the efficiency and stability of electrocatalysts. The authors reviewed various synthetic methods and explored their applications in different electrochemical reactions.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a new method to improve oxygen reduction in fuel cells using iron-based single-atom catalysts. This breakthrough could unlock a level of efficiency never before realized, enabling large-scale deployment of fuel cells and their nearly limitless potential applications.
Researchers at American University have developed a new method to create highly active and stable oxygen reduction reaction catalysts from spinach, which outperforms commercial platinum catalysts. The spin-based catalysts have potential applications in hydrogen fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
Researchers have developed a new type of oxygen reduction catalyst using nitrogen-doped porous carbon supported Fe single atom catalysts. These catalysts outperform commercial platinum-based catalysts in terms of ORR activities, stability, and methanol resistance.
Researchers from TU Dresden have developed novel noble metal aerogels that exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic properties, outperforming commercial platinum catalysts in a range of applications. These advanced materials show promise for efficient electrochemical hydrogen production, including green hydrogen and fuel cells.
Researchers developed a counter-intuitive disturbance-promoted gelation method, accelerating gelation to one to ten minutes at room temperature. The method exhibits enhanced photoelectrocatalytic properties, outperforming commercial palladium/carbon.
Researchers designed a new yolk-shell structured hybrid material by encapsulating metal-organic framework (MOF) into hollow mesoporous carbon spheres, achieving superior bifunctional electrocatalytic activity towards both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. The hybrid material shows promise as an efficient electrocatalyst in fuel...
Researchers found that graphene covers weaken adsorption on Pt(111) surfaces, enabling modulation of surface reactions and promoting oxygen reduction reaction activity. This study demonstrates the potential of 2D materials in designing high-performance nanocatalysts.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University have found that electrochemical oxygen reduction in lithium-air batteries is plagued by side reactions, limiting recharge cycles. The team identified defect sites in carbon electrodes as a key factor in the reaction's progression.
Researchers at Kyushu University have developed a new method for creating uniform, highly active gold nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells. The novel approach involves wrapping a graphene support in a specially prepared polymer, resulting in the lowest overpotential ever reported for this type of reaction.
Case Western Reserve University researchers have developed a metal-free bifunctional electrocatalyst that performs as well or better than most metal and metal oxide electrodes in zinc-air batteries. The carbon-based catalyst works efficiently in both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions, making the battery rechargeable.
A team of researchers has developed a novel catalyst for oxygen reduction in hydrogen fuel cells, which is more efficient and cost-effective than traditional platinum-based catalysts. The catalyst was synthesized using an ordinary kitchen microwave oven, paving the way for sustainable energy production.
Researchers at Berkeley and Argonne National Labs developed a new class of bimetallic nanocatalysts, hollow polyhedral nanoframes of platinum and nickel, which feature a three-dimensional catalytic surface activity. These catalysts are significantly more efficient and far less expensive than the best platinum catalysts used in today's ...
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology developed a novel bio-inspired composite electrocatalyst outperforming platinum, demonstrating higher electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction. The catalyst showed exceptional durability during cycling in an alkaline media.
A Case Western Reserve University researcher suggests that using platinum in fuel cells is inefficient due to energy loss, prompting the search for alternative catalysts. The ideal bonding strength between platinum and intermediate molecules can improve efficiency.