Articles tagged with Earth Magnetic Field
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Researchers have identified a tiny 'GPS' system in ancient magnetic fossils, suggesting that animals may have used the Earth's magnetic field to navigate long distances for at least 97 million years. The discovery provides direct evidence of magnetoreception and sheds light on how animals evolved this ability.
Researchers used large-scale simulations to reproduce near-Earth space environment, confirming opposite charge polarities between regions. Plasma motion explains the reversal in equatorial plane.
A team of geophysicists from ETH Zurich and SUSTech, China, used computer models to simulate whether a completely liquid core could generate a stable magnetic field. Their simulations showed that the Earth's magnetic field was generated in the early history of the Earth in a similar way to today.
Researchers propose using soft X-rays to measure reconnection rates and monitor space weather. By analyzing bright X-ray features, they calculated a global reconnection rate of 0.13, closely matching theoretical predictions.
The TRACERS mission will explore dynamic interactions between the Sun's and Earth's magnetic fields. By observing particles and fields in the northern magnetic cusp region, researchers can study how magnetic reconnection affects the space environment.
Researchers have discovered that Bogong moths use constellations of stars and the Milky Way to navigate long distances, making them the first known invertebrate to rely on a stellar compass for navigation. The moths also use the Earth's magnetic field to maintain their direction even when clouds obscure the stars.
A new study reveals that loggerhead sea turtles can learn and remember the unique magnetic signatures of different geographic regions, suggesting two distinct magnetic senses. This discovery offers insights into how turtles navigate vast distances to reach specific foraging and breeding grounds.
Scientists have recovered a 3.7-billion-year-old record of Earth's magnetic field, revealing it to be remarkably similar to today's field. The study provides the oldest estimate of the strength of Earth's magnetic field derived from whole rock samples.
Researchers analyzed genomes of 363 bird species and found significant variations in cryptochrome 4 gene, indicating adaptation to environmental conditions. This specialization could be related to magnetoreception in migratory birds.
A study found that migratory bats are sensitive to the angle of magnetic inclination and use it for navigation. The soprano pipistrelle bat species calibrated its internal compass at sunset, taking into account both the horizontal component and inclination of the Earth's magnetic field.
Researchers found that space weather events can trigger 'wrong side' failures in rail signalling systems, which are more hazardous than 'right side' failures. This study highlights the need for the industry to consider the risks of space weather and explore mitigation strategies.
Researchers used seismic data to locate and identify a thin layer of molten silicates overlying Mars' metallic core. The discovery reveals a denser and smaller Martian core, aligning with other geophysical data and analysis of Martian meteorites. This finding provides new insights into how Mars formed, evolved, and became a barren planet.
Researchers used data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe to explain how the solar wind surpasses speeds of 1 million miles per hour. The energy released from the magnetic field near the sun's surface drives the fast solar wind, comprising ionized particles flowing outward from the sun.
Researchers use heavy hydraulic presses to mimic early Earth's conditions and recreate the differentiation process in miniature. They found that iron melts could pass through grain boundaries, exchanging chemical elements like oxygen and sulfur with the surrounding mantle.
Researchers found that sharks rely on magnetic fields to guide them during long-distance migrations. Bonnethead sharks were used in experiments, which showed that they orient themselves based on the magnetic field, even when exposed to fields outside their natural range.
Researchers have found that 42,000-year-old New Zealand kauri trees can accurately analyze the last complete reversal of the Earth's magnetic field. The study's findings suggest that the weak magnetic field had a significant impact on the atmosphere, leading to increased cosmic radiation and changes in ozone levels.
A new study reveals that a 42,000-year-old magnetic reversal led to significant changes in atmospheric ozone concentration and circulation. The event, known as the Laschamps excursion, caused substantial shifts in climate and environmental patterns worldwide.
A 270,000-year-old core from a Tasmanian lake provides the first Australian record of a geomagnetic excursion, where the Earth's magnetic field 'switched' and spectacular auroras were observed. This discovery has significant implications for understanding past climate change and developing new paleomagnetic dating tools.
The South Atlantic Anomaly, a weak spot in Earth's magnetic field, allows charged particles to dip closer to the surface, posing a threat to satellites. Recent observations show the anomaly is expanding westward and weakening in intensity, creating additional challenges for space missions.
Research by University of Liverpool reveals strange magnetic behaviour in South Atlantic region dated back eight to 11 million years ago. The study suggests that today's South Atlantic Anomaly is not a new phenomenon and may be linked to features of the Earth's interior.
Researchers used computer simulations and geological records to estimate magnetic field changes. They found that changes in the direction of the Earth's magnetic field may occur up to 10 times faster than previously thought, with rapid shifts associated with local weakening of the field.
Multiple transpolar auroral arcs are formed by plasma flow shears and electrical currents along the Earth's magnetic field. The study reveals insight into coupling processes in the Earth's magnetotail under a northward interplanetary magnetic field.
A team of scientists from MIT has found evidence to contradict previous claims that the Earth's magnetic field existed beyond 3.5 billion years ago. The researchers studied zircons excavated from an ancient outcrop in Western Australia and concluded that these minerals are unreliable as recorders of ancient magnetic fields.
Scientists have discovered that Earth's magnetic field reversal took at least 22,000 years to complete, contradicting previous estimates of up to 9,000 years. The new analysis provides a detailed look at the turbulent time when the field weakened and partially shifted before finally reversing.
Jürgen Matzka has proposed a simplified approach to improve the global magnetic field model, reducing costs and equipment needs. The winning idea aims to measure magnetic field strength from satellites and only require one directional component on ground stations.
Researchers from Germany, France, Denmark, and the USA have made a groundbreaking discovery about the Earth's magnetic field. By studying iron oxide hematite under extreme conditions, they found that it retains its magnetic properties even deep in the mantle, challenging the long-held assumption of its non-magnetic nature.
A Yale-led team discovered that molten iron alloys containing silicon and oxygen form two distinct liquids under conditions similar to those in the Earth's core, mimicking the separation of oil and vinegar in salad dressing. This finding provides new insights into the evolution of Earth's magnetic field.
Researchers reproduced geomagnetic jerks using a computer simulation that mimicked the Earth's core conditions. The study revealed hydromagnetic waves as the primary cause of these events.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed magnetic field sensors that can detect biomagnetic fields produced by the human body under normal ambient conditions. The sensors can detect signal strengths far below a billionth of a tesla, enabling non-contact medical diagnostics and geophysical applications.
Researchers report a high-resolution geomagnetic field record spanning 1,500 years from Brazilian caves, indicating recurrent periods of rapid directional change consistent with westward migration and expansion of reversed flux patches. The study provides insights into the core-mantle boundary dynamics and Earth's magnetic field evolut...
Scientists at HZDR create an electronic skin with magnetosensitive capabilities, allowing humans to perceive the Earth's magnetic field. The sensor is thin, malleable, and can be attached to human skin, facilitating interaction in virtual and augmented reality.
Researchers have successfully measured the Earth's magnetic field in the sodium layer of the mesosphere using laser-generated artificial stars. This technique allows for ground-based observations of the mesosphere, previously difficult to access, and holds promise for monitoring space weather and measuring electrical currents.
Nonmigratory Atlantic salmon can extract positional information from Earth's magnetic field, orienting themselves appropriately in response to different magnetic conditions. This skill may enable salmon escaping from aquaculture to better navigate and invade habitats, challenging previous assumptions about their navigational abilities
Researchers at Lund University found that certain nocturnally migrating insects can explore and navigate using the Earth's magnetic field. The study used a flight simulator with a system of magnetic coils to investigate how the Bogong moth knows in which direction to fly, revealing its use of both visual landmarks and the magnetic field.
Researchers found that Bogong moths rely on the Earth's magnetic field to steer flight during migration, similar to night-migratory birds. The moths use a magnetic sense to determine their migratory direction and align it with celestial or terrestrial landmarks.
Researchers confirm connection between plate tectonics, mantle flow and magnetic field reversals, suggesting a 120-130 million year delay. This finding provides new insights into the interaction between Earth's crust, mantle and core.
Researchers analyzed data from NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission and found magnetic reconnection occurring at the smallest scale of electrons, creating hot jets of plasma that dissipate turbulence. This process was previously unknown at small scales, but it confirms reconnection is happening on these scales.
A study of recent geomagnetic excursion events found no resemblance between current changes and past reversals, suggesting recovery without extreme event. The research implies the weakened magnetic field will recover, making a reversal unlikely.
Researchers developed a global model of the geomagnetic field between 30,000 and 50,000 years ago, revealing that the current field does not resemble past excursions. The study suggests that future reversals or excursions cannot be predicted by analyzing present-day field structures.
Scientists from GFZ and universities reconstructed past changes in Earth's magnetic field using paleomagnetic data. They found that the South Atlantic Anomaly is unlikely to be a precursor of a pole reversal, as it was followed by increased field strength and disappearance of similar anomalies in the past.
Scientists propose a new model where a heavy layer of molten rock sits on top of the Moon's metal core, driving the dynamo and creating a strong magnetic field. This model explains the Moon's early strong magnetic field and its subsequent weakening.
Researchers at Lund University discovered that Cry4 protein in birds' eyes is a key magnetoreceptor, providing constant levels throughout the day. This finding supports the idea that other animals have magnetic receptors and may aid in developing new navigation systems.
Scientists used 3D data to calculate voltages along power lines in the mid-Atlantic region, finding significantly different results compared to previous 1D calculations. The study suggests that 3D data should be used whenever available to determine vulnerable areas of the power grid.
Researchers gathered ancient clay samples to compile a record of Earth's magnetic field strength over many centuries, revealing the South Atlantic Anomaly is part of a recurring phenomenon. The data suggests that the region under southern Africa may be responsible for recent changes in the global magnetic field.
Researchers used computational simulations to test the effectiveness of various radical pairs in avian magnetoreception. The results indicate that the current understanding of the radical-pair mechanism cannot explain the disruption of the bird's magnetic compass by certain radiofrequency magnetic fields.
Scientists have identified patterns in the Earth's magnetic field that evolve on a 1,000-year timescale, allowing for finer resolution of past changes. This discovery enables researchers to study the planet's history with greater precision using a 'geomagnetic fingerprint'.
Researchers found that non-migratory birds like zebra finches utilize a built-in magnetic compass to orient themselves using the Earth's magnetic field. The study suggests that this mechanism is more general and not specific to migration.
A new study examines the effects of high-altitude nuclear explosion tests on Earth's magnetic environment, revealing similarities with natural radiation belts and auroras. The research sheds light on the impact of space weather on satellites and astronauts.
New research suggests that Earth's ancient magnetic field had multiple poles and fluctuated wildly in terms of intensity. The findings propose a new hypothesis for the solidification of the inner core and its impact on the magnetic field.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt discovered that birds use a light-independent radical pair to detect the Earth's magnetic field lines. This finding indicates a special evolutionary adaptation in birds, as cryptochrome is used exclusively for light perception in other organisms.
BARREL's observations showed the open-closed boundary moving within minutes, providing a map of its location. Scientists can now refine simulations of how magnetic fields change around Earth due to this precise mapping.
Researchers analyze MMS data to understand magnetic reconnection, a process that produces powerful phenomena including solar flares and large releases of plasma from the sun's corona. The mission provides high-resolution measurements of particles and electric and magnetic fields at the electron scale.
The MMS mission directly observed magnetic reconnection for the first time, revealing a critical step in understanding space weather. By studying the phenomenon, scientists can better understand solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and auroras.
Researchers detect cryptochrome 1 in photoreceptors of dog-like carnivores and primates, hinting at a magnetic sense linked to the visual system. The molecule's presence suggests that these animals may use it to perceive the Earth's magnetic field.
New measurements suggest the Earth's magnetic field is trending back to its long-term average intensity, contrary to predictions of a potential flip. The research uses advanced analysis techniques to re-evaluate paleointensity data, finding a 60% decrease in the field's strength over the past 5 million years.
A new study published in Nature indicates that the Earth's inner core was formed between 1 and 1.5 billion years ago, based on magnetic records from ancient igneous rocks. This finding suggests that the solid inner core started to form as it cooled from the surrounding molten iron outer core.
Scientists believe the Earth's magnetic field arose at least four billion years ago, according to research published in Science. The findings support previous geochemical measurements on ancient zircons that suggest an age of around 4.4 billion years.
A team of researchers has recovered a magnetic field record from ancient minerals for Iron Age southern Africa, combining it with the weakening Earth's magnetic field. The data suggests that the region beneath southern Africa may be responsible for some recent and future pole reversals.
Researchers found that Earth's 'plasmaspheric hiss' protects against a harmful radiation belt, deflecting high-energy electrons with an impenetrable barrier of about 11,000 kilometers. This natural shield could extend lifetimes for satellites and space stations orbiting near the Earth's surface.
UC San Diego professors Steven Cande, Trey Ideker, and Mark D. Ohman have been recognized as AAAS Fellows for their outstanding work in marine geology, bioinformatics, and marine plankton research. Their contributions have improved our understanding of plate tectonic processes, cancer genetics, and climate variability in ocean ecosystems.