Brownian Motion
Articles tagged with Brownian Motion
The hidden force of growth
Quantum sensors on the move
Researchers at IISc created a method to precisely steer quantum sensors through living cells, overcame challenges like viscous drag and brownian motion. This breakthrough enables real-time measurement of parameters such as local viscosity and temperature inside cells.
Rice researchers uncover the hidden physics of knot formation in fluids
A team of researchers uncovered a surprising physical mechanism explaining how isolated filaments form knots in fluids under strong gravitational forces. The discovery provides insight into polymer dynamics, with implications for understanding DNA behavior, designing soft materials, and nanomaterials fabrication.
Scientists study the behaviors of chiral skyrmions in chiral flower-like obstacles
Researchers at Waseda University studied the behavior of chiral skyrmions in chiral flower-like obstacles and found that they exhibit active matter-like behaviors. The system can be used to develop a topological sorting device, which may create ordered results from disordered motion.
Rice research unveils key dynamics of 2D nanomaterials with view to larger-scale production
Researchers at Rice University have mapped the diffusion of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride in an aqueous solution, a crucial step towards larger-scale production of these 2D materials. The study found that the size of the material affects its movement speed, with hexagonal boron nitride moving faster than graphene.
Deep learning solves long-standing challenges in identification of nanoparticle shape
A new property evaluation method for nanoparticles' shape anisotropy has been developed using deep learning, achieving classification accuracy of approximately 80% on single particle basis. This breakthrough solves a long-standing issue in nanoparticle evaluation dating back to Einstein's time.
Effective as a collective: Researchers investigate the swarming behavior of microrobots
A team of researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz studied the collective behavior of small robots and found that they can solve tasks that a single machine cannot. The study uses statistical physics to analyze how the robots interact and move, revealing potential applications in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Defying gravity
Researchers from University of Warsaw and Utrecht University observed the Brazil nut effect in a mixture of charged colloidal particles without external energy. The phenomenon involves heavier particles rising to the top due to repulsion forces, with potential applications in geology, soft matter physics, and industry.
A surprising way to trap a microparticle
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a surprising way to trap microparticles using the combined effects of electrostatics, hydrodynamics, and random Brownian motion. This phenomenon enables the capture of particles in complex environments, such as winding channels, and could revolutionize microfluidic applications and...
Energy-efficient computing with tiny magnetic vortices
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a prototype that combines Brownian and reservoir computing to perform Boolean logic operations. This innovation uses metallic thin films exhibiting magnetic skyrmions to achieve energy savings through automatic system reset.
Tiny motors take a big step forward
Researchers have successfully created the first solid-state optical nanomotor, overcoming previous limitations in real-world applications. The new motor can rotate on a solid substrate under light illumination, enabling it to serve as a fuel-free engine for various micro-/nano-electro-mechanical systems.
The Riemann conjecture unveiled by physics
A mathematical enigma, the Riemann conjecture, has been unraveled thanks to a new approach from statistical physics. The solution lies in chaotic motions and probability laws that regulate them.
A scientific competition assesses methods for anomalous diffusion
Researchers launched an open competition to benchmark existing and novel methods for quantifying anomalous diffusion. The analysis of results provided an objective assessment of method performance, contributing to the definition of standard tools for trajectory analysis.
Speedy nanorobots could someday clean up soil and water, deliver drugs
Researchers created self-propelled nanoswimmers that can escape maze-like environments 20 times faster than passive particles. These tiny synthetic robots have potential applications in cleaning contaminated soil and water, as well as delivering drugs to targeted areas.
Probing deeper into origins of cosmic rays
A team of researchers from the University of Notre Dame developed a simulation model to better understand cosmic ray transport characteristics and improve detection techniques.
Microswimmers move like moths to the light
Researchers have discovered that synthetic microswimmers can change direction and swim back towards the source of light after being exposed, mimicking biological organisms. The behavior is triggered by Brownian motion, which sets in when the particles are no longer illuminated.
Physicists build circuit that generates clean, limitless power from graphene
Physicists at the University of Arkansas have successfully developed a graphene-based circuit capable of capturing thermal motion and converting it into electrical current. The discovery proves a long-held theory that graphene can harness energy from its atomic motion.
Mathematical modeling revealed how chitinase, a molecular monorail, obeys a one-way sign
A team of researchers has developed a computational model to describe the motion of molecular motors, shedding light on how they generate unidirectional motion. The study found that molecular motors follow a
Physicists prove that 2D and 3D liquids are fundamentally different
Researchers discovered that two-dimensional liquids exhibit collective motion and long-wavelength fluctuations, which differ from the random Brownian motion seen in three-dimensional liquids. This finding helps explain puzzling differences in liquid dynamics and opens avenues for understanding complex fluid behavior.
Army bio-inspired theoretical research may make robots more effective on the future battlefield
Researchers at U.S. Army Research Laboratory have made significant breakthroughs in developing artificial nanomotors inspired by biological molecules, which can harness Brownian motion for efficient energy production. These advancements aim to create faster, more versatile robots with improved autonomy and stealth capabilities.
Chitinase as 'burnt-bridge' Brownian monorail efficiently hydrolyzing recalcitrant biomass
Researchers discovered Serratia marcescens chitinase A (SmChiA) as a molecular motor that converts energy into unidirectional mechanical motion. It hydrolyzes recalcitrant crystalline chitin to form a water-soluble disaccharide, exhibiting fast and efficient degradation.
The physics of finance helps solve a century-old mystery
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a model that parallels the kinetic theory of molecules, providing a solid foundation for understanding price fluctuations in stable financial markets. The study also aims to examine unstable markets vulnerable to external shocks.
Jumping nanoparticles
The study confirms Einstein's theoretical analysis of Brownian motion by observing the Kramers turnover in levitated nanoparticles. The researchers found that the transition rate between states depends on friction and grows with decreasing friction before decreasing again at low friction levels.
The hidden order in DNA diffusion
Researchers at KAUST have overturned the long-held assumption that DNA molecules move randomly by analyzing their motion using a probabilistic approach. They found that DNA molecules exhibit nonrandom motion with varied speed and molecular 'track', precisely conserving Brownian linear MSD characteristics.
No, complex is not complicated, it is rather simple
Researchers at Bilkent University have designed the simplest experimental system to date, revealing that particles can form autocatalytic aggregates with rich complex behaviors. The study employs only two parameters: laser power and beam position, allowing for controlled emergence of complexity.
Biophysics: Formation of swarms in nanosystems
Actin filaments exhibit synchronized motion when motor proteins are added, with local curvatures incompatible with thermal fluctuations. Collective motion emerges at high densities through non-binary interactions among filaments.
Researchers find the macroscopic Brownian motion phenomena of self-powered liquid metal motors
Macroscopic Brownian motion phenomena have been observed in self-powered liquid metal motors, with the force coming from hydrogen gas generated at the interface. Researchers found that tiny motors in millimeter scale exhibited random movement on a glass surface, contrary to classical Brownian motion theory.
Researchers discern the shapes of high-order Brownian motions
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a novel scanning optical interferometry technique that enables the spatial mapping and visualization of high-order modes of Brownian motions. This breakthrough technology holds promise for multimodal sensing, signal processing, and computing applications.
New method for measuring the temperature of nanoscale objects discovered
Researchers at University of Exeter have developed a new method to accurately measure the surface temperature of nanoscale objects by analyzing their Brownian motion in air. This technique can determine different temperatures across the surface of tiny spheres, opening doors for studying nanotechnology and aerosol research.
Tracking criminal movement using math
Researchers develop Lévy flight-based model to analyze criminal movement, revealing optimal strategy for maximizing crime hotspots. The model provides insights into the relationship between step sizes and hotspot formation, shedding light on the complex dynamics of burglary hotspots.
Rethinking Brownian motion with the 'Emperor's New Clothes'
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found that Brownian motion does not always follow a Gaussian curve, as previously thought. The study reveals extreme displacements that were not predicted by Einstein's statistical molecular theory, suggesting new design possibilities and potential corrections to textbooks.
How do bacteria swim? Brown physicists explain
Researchers at Brown University have studied the swimming patterns of Caulobacter crescentus, a single-celled bacterium with a flagellum. The study reveals that drag and Brownian motion govern the circular swimming patterns of the microbe, which helps explain how bacteria scavenge for food and adhere to surfaces.
Penn physicists track the random walks of ellipsoids, test 'lost' theory of Brownian motion
Researchers directly observed random walks of ellipsoidal particles suspended in water, revealing non-Gaussian behavior. The study rediscovered forgotten ideas from French physicist Francis Perrin, confirming the effects of rotational-translational coupling on non-spherical particles.
Janus particles offer new physics, new technology
Researchers have created Janus particles with dissimilar sides, enabling the measurement of rotational dynamics and creation of microsensors. These particles can be used to study Brownian motion and manipulate particles using electrical fields and magnetic fields.
From Quonset huts to ballerinas
Researchers discovered that surfactant micelles assemble into specific structures on a graphite surface due to van der Waals interactions, overcoming Brownian motion. The dynamic nature of these micelle structures opens new horizons for exploration and potential technological applications.
Brownian motion under the microscope
EPFL researchers used Photonic Force Microscopy to track Brownian fluctuations of a single particle at microsecond time scales and nanometer length scales, validating the corrected form of the standard theory. This validation underlines the importance of dynamical effects in Brownian motion at very small time scales.
Optical tweezers prove Einstein right
Researchers have successfully measured the back-flow effect in Brownian motion, a phenomenon Einstein predicted but overlooked 100 years ago. The discovery uses optical tweezers technology to detect this effect, confirming a key aspect of Brownian motion theory.
'Dark matter' forms ghost universe that mirrors our own, new theory shows
Dark matter forms smaller clumps that resemble galaxies and globular clusters in our luminous universe. Computer simulations show these clumps have intricate substructures and dynamic lives independent of visible matter, leading to a template for the visible universe.
Stanford scientists use noise to sort proteins
Researchers create device that harnesses thermal fluctuations to separate membrane-associated molecules, providing a novel approach for studying cellular processes. The invention builds upon previous work on Brownian ratchets and utilizes microfabrication techniques to manufacture the device at an affordable cost.