Articles tagged with Cavitation
High-speed particles bounce higher on wet walls due to a morphological transition in the post-collision liquid film, which shifts from a bridge to a dome shape. This phenomenon is crucial for predicting high-speed particle collisions and designing safer equipment.
A new coating method uses liquid-based chemical conversion coating with cavitation bubbles to improve corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys. The team's technology aims to reinforce lightweight materials in electric cars, addressing the need for more durable materials.
The study found that the 'pop' sound is caused by sudden expansion of carbon dioxide and air mixture in the bottle, as well as a strong cooling effect, resulting in high decibel emissions. The liquid level rises after opening, causing sloshing due to momentum transfer from the lid hitting the glass.
Concordia researchers develop a novel method of 3D printing using acoustic holograms, capable of creating complex objects quickly and at once. This technique, called holographic direct sound printing (HDSP), stores information of multiple images in a single hologram, allowing for the creation of multiple objects simultaneously.
Researchers have developed a needle-free ultrasound vaccine delivery technique that produces a higher immune response than traditional methods. By harnessing acoustic energy to clear passages and drive drug molecules into cells, the approach shows promise in reducing costs and increasing efficacy while minimizing risks.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have made a groundbreaking discovery in polymer science, providing new insights into how polymer chains respond to accelerated solvent flows. This breakthrough has significant implications for various areas of physical sciences and industrial processes, including enhanced oil and gas recovery ...
The 76th annual meeting of the American Physical Society's Division of Fluid Dynamics will bring together over 3,500 scientists from around the world to present new research on fluid dynamics. The conference will feature a scientific program with over 3,200 presentations and a gallery of fluid motion visual arts competition.
Researchers discovered that young snapping shrimp's upper claws can accelerate at speeds of up to 580,000m/s², surpassing their parents' abilities and producing powerful cavitation bubbles. The study, published in Journal of Experimental Biology, highlights the impressive mechanical capabilities of these tiny crustaceans.
A team of researchers from Vietnam and Korea investigated the collapse of a spherical bubble near an oscillating wall using a two-phase flow model. The study revealed significant jet formation, higher pressure peaks, and faster collapse times compared to fixed wall scenarios.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University uncover the rapid growth of ultra-thin nanowires or 'whiskers' in organic compounds by following gas bubbles. They find that adding impurities can suppress bubble formation, allowing for controlled whisker-free growth and uniform crystalline material.
Researchers at Concordia University have developed a new platform technology called direct sound printing (DSP), which uses soundwaves to produce new objects. The process creates sonochemical reactions in minuscule cavitation regions, generating pre-designed complex geometries that cannot be made with existing techniques.
KAUST researchers have found that even low-speed solid-liquid impacts can cause cavitation and generate damaging shock waves. This challenges previous assumptions about the effects of such impacts. The team used high-speed cameras to study the impact of a flat-bottomed cylinder on a pool of liquid, observing that pressures below a cert...
Researchers developed a WC-20CrC-7Ni coating with high anti-cavitation resistance, extending the life of aquatic environment mechanisms. The coating's fine structure increases surface area, requiring more energy for crack formation. This innovation can protect critical equipment parts in power engineering, metallurgy, and shipbuilding.
A research team led by the University of Göttingen has created tiny gas bubbles with a radius of a few thousandths of a millimeter using laser pulses, observing their expansion and shockwaves. The team used holographic flash imaging and X-ray laser pulses to capture data and images, providing insights into cavitation processes.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a theoretical model to predict the formation and size of large cavitation bubbles in hydraulic systems. The model helps engineers design safer systems and guidelines to minimize wear and tear, reducing major failures.
Researchers observed cavitation governing fracture in glasses, revealing self-organized nucleation and growth of nanocavities. Cavitation-induced nanopatterns are common in various glass types, including polymers and silicates.
Researchers at Iowa State University studied the impact of microbubbles on brain cells during traumatic brain injuries. They found that cavitation causes cell shrinkage, surface roughening, and increased inflammatory genes.
A new study by University of California, Riverside engineers shows that two microscopic bubbles penetrate soft materials better than one, creating long, fine jets with only five pulses. This breakthrough could lead to compact, device-free alternatives for needle-free applications.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have outlined high-priority goals and opportunities for advancing knowledge on cavitation science, which occurs in soft materials and tissues during traumatic brain injury. The team proposes using cavitation as a unique tool to understand soft tissues and develop new medical devices.
The university received awards to support the purchase of state-of-the-art facilities and technologies, enhancing military research efforts. Virginia Tech researchers will gain valuable experience working on advanced projects, including a nano-calorimeter instrument and an aircraft engine test bed.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a new method of underwater plasma generation using a snapping shrimp's claw, producing jets of plasma reaching over 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit. This discovery could provide significant improvements for actions ranging from water sterilization to drilling.
Researchers uncovered the secrets behind snapping shrimp's ability to break water, attributing it to millions of years of evolution and adaptation. The study reveals a series of small changes in claw form led to the development of ultrafast movements.
Biomedical engineers have discovered a way to enhance the effectiveness and safety of sonogenetics, emerging techniques that use sound waves to control neuron behavior. By attaching microscopic beads to receptors on cell surfaces, they can produce cell-stretching effects with much less risk of cellular injury.
A UTA researcher is working to determine how mechanical forces like blasts or repeated blows to the head can damage neurons and lead to neurological disorders. The goal is to create a computational model that can trace action potential inside neurons, potentially revealing the condition of brain's neurons.
Researchers used high-speed photography to study the formation of small bubbles in liquids, which can cause destructive shockwaves and potentially lead to brain trauma. The team developed an alternative formula to predict when cavitation will occur, with potential applications for athletic safety devices and military blast protection.
Researchers at Utah State University have developed a new math formula that accurately predicts the onset of cavitation in fluids accelerated over short periods. This breakthrough can improve the durability of water pipes and ship propellers, reducing damage from cavitation.
Researchers discover that blast-induced cavitation in the brain's perineuronal nets can cause neuronal damage. The study sheds light on the effects of blast injuries on the brain and highlights the importance of preventing traumatic brain injuries on the battlefield.
The researchers developed a new method to increase the aggressive intensity of cavitation without increasing power. By controlling pressure at the bubble collapse region, they were able to enhance cavitation efficiency by a factor of about 100.
Researchers discovered a new formation mechanism of cavitation bubbles by simulating the influence of oil-repellent and oil-attracting surfaces on passing oil flows. The study found that alternating surface properties can lead to cavitation, which may have both positive and negative effects on materials.
Researchers have identified the formation of tiny bubbles around the head of ultrasonic scalers as crucial to the cleaning process. The study's findings aim to develop new instrument designs that maximize cavitation to improve plaque removal, reducing pain and increasing effectiveness.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new pretreatment method using sodium percarbonate and hydrodynamic cavitation to improve sugar formation in biomass. The method outperformed existing ultrasonic systems in producing fermentable sugars.
Cavitation bubbles, formed by ultrasonic pressure waves, can cause severe damage to nearby cells. Duke researchers used high-speed cameras to study the effects of these powerful little bubbles on individual cells, finding that membranes can withstand higher strains than previously thought and reseal allowing target cells to fully recover.
Researchers discovered that cavitation bubbles can pull in nearby particles like black holes, potentially leading to new cleaning methods. The effect depends on particle size and distance from the bubble, with smaller particles moving faster towards the collapsing bubble.
A team of researchers simulated bubble nucleation using Japan's most powerful computer, discovering that a classical theory developed in the 1960s holds true for gas bubbles in liquids. The findings have implications for engineering applications, such as designing more efficient power stations or propellers.
Researchers explore beer bottle-fluid interactions using cavitation analysis, explaining the formation of foam due to rapid expansion of smaller bubbles. The study's findings can be applied to other engineering concerns, such as erosion of ship propellers and carbon dioxide release in natural disasters.
A team of researchers has developed a way to prevent cavitation damage in jet fuel pumps, essential components in modern aircraft. The study provides realistic data for computer models, enabling designers to create lighter, more efficient, and longer-lasting pumps.
Researchers developed a technique that uses acoustic energy to kill bacteria on medical instruments, reducing the need for heat and chemicals. The method achieved a 90% kill rate using a combination of pressure and isopropyl alcohol, with potential benefits for minimizing infection risk and reducing equipment downtime.
Researchers used sensitive detection techniques to study energy dissipation during bubble collapse, finding that less than 1% of energy is converted into light and most goes into chemical reactions or mechanical energy. This understanding has implications for future work on sonochemistry and the possibility of sonofusion.
Researchers observed statistically significant amounts of tritium above background in cavitation experiments, suggesting the possibility of nuclear reactions. The findings are based on a collaboration that used high-energy neutrons to create bubbles in liquid, which can result in light emissions and potentially nuclear reactions.
Researchers are studying the aerodynamics of bird-wrasse fish, fruit flies, and hawkmoths to develop more efficient unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and underwater vessels. By mimicking nature's designs, they aim to reduce drag, improve stability, and enhance control.