Articles tagged with Elementary Particles
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have identified a new class of one-dimensional particles, dubbed anyons, which exhibit properties between bosons and fermions. The discovery opens up new possibilities for investigating fundamental physics in realistic experimental settings.
Physicists at MIT observed clear signs that quarks create wakes as they speed through the plasma, confirming the plasma behaves like a liquid. This finding provides new insights into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma and its behavior in the early universe.
Physicists have analyzed how neutrinos change 'flavor' as they travel through the cosmos, gaining insights into their masses and evolution. The study's findings hint at possible Charge-Parity violation in neutrinos and their antimatter counterparts, with researchers seeking more data to answer fundamental questions about the universe.
Scientists from the University of Kansas developed a technique to track ultra-peripheral collisions between protons and ions, resulting in the creation of gold momentarily. The discovery was made possible by studying photon-photon collisions, which are incredibly clean events with almost nothing else produced.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz receive EUR 180,000 to study ultracold neutrons and detect a 'forbidden' muon decay, key experiments in modern particle physics, with implications for the Standard Model and potential new physics discoveries.
A recent study published in Physics Letters B reveals that quarks can defy expectations when hit by high-energy electrons, challenging long-held ideas about symmetry in nuclear physics. The research team's findings may impact how future experiments interpret quark behavior and the structure of matter.
Researchers develop technique to make high-dimensional quantum info encoded in light more practical and reliable. This advancement enables the generation and measurement of high-dimensional quantum signals called qudits, which can process and transmit more information securely.
Researchers successfully simulated a complete quantum field theory in more than one spatial dimension using a novel type of quantum computer. This approach enables efficient storage and processing of information, allowing for the observation of fundamental features of quantum electrodynamics.
Ben Jones, a UTA physicist, has been recognized for his contributions to developing advanced instruments used in particle physics research. His work focuses on uncovering the origin of neutrino mass and sheds light on fundamental physics at extremely small scales.
Assistant Professor Tova Holmes at University of Tennessee Knoxville received a $75,000 Sloan Research Fellowship for her work on searching for new fundamental particles using colliders in high-energy particle physics research.
Robert McKeown, a distinguished service award recipient, has made significant contributions to nuclear physics over the past 50 years. He supervised 14 Ph.D. students and educated thousands of people worldwide through teaching and lecturing at prestigious institutions.
Dr. Kevin J. Kelly, an assistant professor at Texas A&M University, has received the Henry Primakoff Award for Early-Career Particle Physics for his significant contributions to neutrino physics and proposing novel directions for dark matter research. He will deliver an invited lecture on his research at a future APS meeting.
A new study published in Physical Review Letters suggests that nanohertz gravitational waves may not originate from supercool first-order phase transitions. Researchers found that such transitions would struggle to complete, shifting the frequency of the waves away from nanohertz frequencies.
Researchers studied jet energy loss in nucleus-nucleus collisions, revealing a decrease in the jet transport coefficient with increasing medium temperature. This discovery provides a more accurate understanding of jet quenching in high-energy collisions.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new framework for studying neutrino self-interactions using supernovae. They found that in the burst case, unprecedented sensitivity to neutrino self-interactions is possible even with sparse data from SN 1987A and conservative analysis assumptions.
The research team at DGIST improved the efficiency of zinc sulfide powder-based electroluminescent devices by applying silver nanofilms. This innovation reduces electrical resistance and energy loss, resulting in brighter and more affordable film lighting technology.
A University of Queensland-led research team is using an unusual caesium atom to search for dark matter particles. The team's work may also improve atomic theory calculations and technology, such as navigation systems.
A new mathematical theory developed by scientists at Rice University and Oxford University can predict the nature of motions in complex quantum systems. The theory applies to any sufficiently complex quantum system and may give insights into building better quantum computers, designing solar cells, or improving battery performance.
Scientists successfully synthesized the elusive Λ(1405) particle and measured its complex mass, revealing a temporary bound state of a K- meson and proton. The findings may provide insights into the interior of ultra-dense neutron stars and the early formation of the Universe.
Researchers propose using precision data from upcoming experiments to test the cosmological collider effect and unravel the mystery of matter's origin. They suggest that leptogenesis, a well-known mechanism, could be used to explain the imbalance between matter and antimatter in the early universe.
Researchers have created and observed novel vortices in an ultracold gas, exhibiting unexpected properties due to hidden discrete symmetries. The discovery may lead to breakthroughs in quantum computing and information processing.
Basudeb Dasgupta's study shows that collective oscillations can occur only if the spectra of two neutrino flavors cross over at some energy or emission angle. This result guarantees that observation of neutrino oscillation instabilities will reveal new information from deep within the star.
A new FQXi report re-assesses the 'fine-tuned universe' hypothesis, proposing that intelligent life could have evolved under drastically different physical conditions. This challenges popular arguments for a multiverse and suggests that the universe may be able to produce life under a wider range of circumstances than previously thought.
Researchers at the University of Manchester observed the Schwinger effect using graphene-based devices, producing particle-antiparticle pairs from a vacuum. They also discovered an unusual high-energy process where electrons became superluminous, providing an electric current higher than allowed by general rules.
Researchers have successfully created an experimental model of a skyrmion particle in a beam of light, providing a real system to demonstrate the behavior of this elusive type of fundamental particle. The study reveals the intricate structure and topological properties of skyrmions, which can be distorted but not broken.
A team of RUDN University physicists discovered solutions to semi-classical models describing particle-like waves and calculated the ratio between gravitational interaction and charge interactions. The results suggest that gravity may play a significant role in the formation of elementary particles, particularly at the Planck scale.
Charles Kane and Eugene Mele have been recognized for their groundbreaking research on topological insulators, which exhibit unique properties making them ideal for ultra-efficient electronics. Their work may also enable super-fast quantum computing.
Researchers from HKUST and Harvard University found a connection between density distributions in the universe and the nature of smallest particles. They argue that the universe could be used as a 'collider' to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Physicists have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of dark matter research. The CRESST-II detector has achieved unprecedented sensitivity levels, allowing scientists to detect even the lightest dark matter particles for the first time.
A mathematical problem in particle and quantum physics is provably unsolvable, showing that even a complete microscopic description cannot predict macroscopic behavior. This finding limits the extent to which we can predict the behavior of quantum materials.
Geordie Williamson will receive the inaugural AMS Claude Chevalley Prize in Lie Theory for his work on representation theory, including proofs of longstanding conjectures and counterexamples to expected bounds. His research has re-opened the field of modular representations and revealed inadequate numerical evidence.
Physicists at Jena University successfully simulated charged Majorana particles, a theoretical concept long considered impossible. The experiment allows for the study of non-physical processes and may lead to breakthroughs in quantum computing.
Researchers have designed and tested a magnetic shield that provides more than 10 times better shielding than previous state-of-the-art shields. The device enables high precision measurements of fundamental particles, potentially revealing previously hidden physics.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have proposed a new fundamental particle that could explain why Dark Matter remains undetected. The particle interacts strongly with normal matter, making it a promising candidate for detection in space experiments.
Physicists at Duke University used supercomputers to simulate an ultra-cold atom and split a virtual electron in half, creating two particles with half the negative charge. This discovery provides clues about the behavior of fundamental particles and challenges traditional notions of particle indivisibility.
Researchers have created a device that approaches the quantum mechanical limit at the largest length-scale, demonstrating back action and cooling an object by watching it. The results could have applications in quantum computing and cooling engineering.
Tufts physicists built a crucial $300,000 optical switchyard for the Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search project, helping to understand the deepest structures of matter. The data from this experiment will be fundamental to physicists and astronomers seeking to comprehend the universe's building blocks.