Articles tagged with Kinetic Energy
Researchers at NIMS experimentally ascertained friction independent of sliding velocity at high temperature, clarifying the basic principle of friction. The discovery is expected to lead to the design and development of energy-saving lubricants.
Combining biochar and dicyandiamide in organic fertilizer reduces cumulative ammonia losses by 27.1% compared to conventional urea fertilization, maintaining crop productivity despite reduced mineral nitrogen input. The treatment also supports economic returns through reduced nitrogen-related environmental and health costs.
High-speed particles bounce higher on wet walls due to a morphological transition in the post-collision liquid film, which shifts from a bridge to a dome shape. This phenomenon is crucial for predicting high-speed particle collisions and designing safer equipment.
A Southwest Research Institute-led study finds protons and heavy ions react differently to solar magnetic reconnection events, revealing a more complex magnetic engine. This new data contradicts current models, showing protons generate waves that scatter them more efficiently.
Researchers developed a novel anode material combining hard carbon with tin, enhancing energy storage and stability. The composite structure shows excellent performance in lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, promising applications in electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage.
A novel artificial solid electrolyte interface based on non-coordinating charge transfer significantly improves the stability of aqueous zinc metal batteries. This design enhances cycle life, reduces side reactions, and promotes uniform zinc deposition, leading to improved battery performance.
A comprehensive global assessment of ocean current energy identifies high power density areas off the East coast of the U.S. and Eastern coast of Africa, suitable for generating electricity from ocean currents. The study highlights the importance of expanding data collection to refine understanding and unlock the full energy potential ...
Researchers found that the eddy-mean kinetic energy exchange term is separated into three parts: one associated with cross-stream variation, one with along-stream variation, and one with mean flow direction. This new framework describes eddy-mean energy exchange without accounting for forces or physical properties.
A new study by scientists at the University of Rochester suggests that atmospheric wind has a surprising impact on ocean eddies, which are circular currents of water about 100 kilometers wide. The research reveals that wind can both energize and dampen eddies, depending on their spin direction.
Researchers at PolyU have invented a ground-breaking self-powered mechanism to eject freezing droplets, enabling cost-efficient and promising technological applications. The discovery uses spring-like elastic pillars to accelerate ejection velocity and enlarge kinetic energy transformation of freezing droplets.
A team of researchers discovered supra-thermal DT ions beyond Maxwellian distributions in ICF burning plasmas. The new hybrid model predicts a ~10 ps ignition moment promotion, enhanced alpha particle densities at the hotspot center, and the presence of supra-thermal D ions below 34 keV.
A UVA professor has made new discoveries about electron kinetic behavior within plasma beams, potentially revealing the 'shape' of future space technology. The findings could lead to more efficient and reliable electric propulsion systems for long-duration space missions.
Researchers discovered supra-thermal DT ions beyond Maxwellian distributions in burning plasmas of inertial confinement fusion. The findings, achieved through innovative modeling and simulations, challenge existing models and offer new insights into the physics of these extreme conditions.
A team of Lehigh University researchers led by Professor Muhannad Suleiman is working to develop floating offshore wind platforms that can harness both wind and wave energy. The goal is to create more efficient and resilient structures that can withstand extreme weather conditions.
A new type of dart launcher has been developed as a safer and more cost-effective alternative to firearms or air guns for injecting animals with drugs. The prototype uses electromagnetic coils and lidar technology to deliver a projectile with controlled kinetic energy.
A team of researchers found that air turbulence in the thermosphere exhibits the same physical laws as wind in the lower atmosphere, leading to a new unified principle for Earth's environmental systems. This discovery can potentially improve future forecasting of both Earth and space weather.
Researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a high-energy, high-efficiency all-solid-state sodium-air battery that can reversibly utilize sodium and air without additional equipment. The breakthrough overcomes the challenge of carbonate formation, increasing energy density and reducing voltage gap.
Researchers successfully cooled positronium atoms to record-low temperatures of 170 K, significantly reducing their transverse velocity component. This achievement has far-reaching implications for precision spectroscopy and the study of quantum electrodynamics.
Researchers at Tohoku University have engineered a novel device combining piezoelectric composites with carbon fibers, transforming kinetic energy into electricity for efficient motion sensing. The new device has been tested to withstand over 1000 stretches and surpasses other materials in terms of energy output density.
A team of scientists has found evidence linking oceanic weather systems to climate on a global scale, revealing that these interactions require the mediation of the atmosphere. The study used mechanical analysis to understand energy transfer across different patterns in the ocean and atmosphere.
A new NSF-supported collaboration aims to improve liquid organic hydrogen carriers and use AI to identify novel approaches for a global renewable energy supply chain. The team is developing a new class of molecules, chemistries, and chemical processes to better store and transport green energy across the globe.
The Telescope Array has detected the second-highest energy cosmic ray ever observed, with an energy equivalent to dropping a brick on your toe from waist height. The Amaterasu particle deepens the mystery of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, which may follow particle physics unknown to science.
A novel strategy utilizing phosphorus nanolayers mitigates electrode-level heterogeneity in fast-charging lithium-ion batteries. The graphite-phosphorus composite exhibits consistent cycle retention, high Coulombic efficiency, and improved lithiation uniformity.
Research investigates impact of storm fronts, tropical storms, and cyclones on ocean circulation, finding changes in atmospheric synoptic variability (ASV) slow down ocean circulation and decrease primary productivity. ASV variations also affect mixing of ocean's layers and strength of oceanic circulation systems.
Researchers from FAU's College of Engineering and Computer Science employ a computer-vision deep learning technique to analyze wall-bounded turbulent flows. They successfully identify the sources of extreme events in a data-driven manner, providing new insights into non-linear relationships in fluid dynamics simulations.
A mathematical breakthrough provides new insights into typhoon dynamics, enabling more accurate predictions and advancements in weather forecasting. The study confirms the stability of specific vortex structures, which can be encountered in real-world fluid flows.
Scientists have probed electron dynamics in liquids using intense laser fields, retrieving the electron's mean free path and gaining a deeper understanding of ultrafast processes. The research opens up new avenues for studying liquids and their role in chemical reactions.
A new study published in eLife reveals the folding speed limit of helical membrane proteins using a robust single-molecule tweezer method. The findings provide unprecedented insights into structural states, kinetics, and energy barrier properties, offering valuable guidance for advancing pharmaceutical research and design.
Researchers have developed a highly efficient organometal halide perovskite photoanode that suppresses internal and external losses associated with photoelectrochemical water splitting, enhancing reaction kinetics. The new design achieves an unprecedented applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 12.79%.
Researchers have developed a battery-free GPS tracker that harnesses kinetic energy from an animal's movements, allowing for longer-term tracking. The 'KineFox' device has been tested on several species, including horses and dogs, and shows promise for monitoring endangered species.
Researchers from GIST have developed a hydrotropic-supporting electrolyte to enhance the solubility of organic redox molecules in aqueous systems. This improvement enables the creation of high-energy-density electrochemical capacitors with potential applications in redox flow batteries.
Researchers at Lund University found that migratory bats' efficiency in converting energy into muscle power increases with flight speed. The study, published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, used high-speed cameras and laser measurements to compare kinetic energy with metabolism.
Scientists at TU Wien have developed a technique to control the shape and size of nano gold structures using highly charged ions. The experiment shows that the impact force is not the decisive factor, but rather the electrical charge of the ions, which deposits energy at the point of impact and disrupts the crystal structure of the gold.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a latch control system that enables grasshopping robots to perform efficiently on soft substrates. The team discovered that the latch can not only regulate energy output but also mediate energy transfer between the robot and its environment, leading to improved jump performance.
Researchers at West Virginia University have developed a new theory that extends the first law of thermodynamics to systems not in equilibrium. This breakthrough has numerous potential applications across physics and other sciences, including studying plasmas in space and low-temperature plasmas.
Scientists from Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) used data from NASA's Juno spacecraft to observe magnetic reconnection between Ganymede and Jupiter. The study found accelerated electrons traveling along the magnetic field at Ganymede's magnetopause, indicating the presence of reconnection.
A powerful Mongolian cyclone developed into a typhoon-strength storm due to favorable topography and low-frequency circulation conditions. The study found that the downward transfer of eddy kinetic energy played a key role in strengthening the cyclone.
Researchers developed a hot-carrier multijunction solar cell that maintains high conversion efficiency with nonoptimal materials, expanding the scope of candidate designs. The novel architecture showed superior resilience to design imperfections, widening the range of suitable materials and operating conditions.
Researchers aim to improve stability and efficiency of catalytic materials using quantum mechanics-based calculations and computational simulations. The goal is to create more effective catalysts that reduce pollution and energy consumption.
Researchers propose a novel pathway to realizing hot carrier solar cells, which can exceed the typical efficiency limit on solar cells. The approach involves isolating hot carriers within higher energy valleys in semiconductors, reducing energy loss to heat.
Researchers at University of South Australia are developing a world-first product to design traffic lights that absorb kinetic energy, stopping them from crumpling when hit by a vehicle. The technology has the potential to reduce road safety-related costs and injuries worldwide.
A new method by University of Rochester scientists documents the impact of wind on mesoscale eddies, revealing a continual loss of 50 gigawatts of kinetic energy. This discovery provides a more detailed spatial analysis than existing methods and has significant implications for understanding ocean currents and climate.
Researchers have successfully synthesized macroscopic thick three-dimensional porous graphene films using high-energy electron beams. The resulting material exhibits excellent electrochemical storage capacity and photothermal performance, making it suitable for applications in supercapacitors and solar photothermal anti-icing.
An exoskeleton device removes kinetic energy during the knee swing phase of walking, reducing metabolic cost by 3.3% and generating up to .25 watts per gait cycle. This approach converts wasted energy into useable electricity, providing a net metabolic benefit.
Materials scientists at UMass Amherst developed a way to efficiently convert elastic energy into kinetic energy for high-acceleration movements. By designing elastic bands with strategically placed elliptical holes, they achieved more than 90% energy conversion, compared to 70% for plain bands.
A research team has developed a droplet-based electricity generator that can produce 140V power from a single drop of water. The device features a field-effect transistor-like structure and achieves high energy-conversion efficiency and instantaneous power density, making it an innovative solution for sustainable energy generation.
A new study reveals global ocean circulation has accelerated over the past two decades, with a sharp increase in kinetic energy from 1990s onwards. The acceleration is attributed to intensification of surface winds and a near 2%-per-decade rise in wind speeds.
Researchers develop a new approach for studying transitional flows, finding that the energy spectrum of small eddies conforms to Kolmogorov's universal theory. This breakthrough has practical applications in engineering, particularly in predicting friction between flow and pipe.
A new mathematical model describes how highly concentrated antibody solutions separate into different phases, similar to an oil and water mixture. This separation can reduce the stability and shelf-life of some drugs that use monoclonal antibodies.
A new software tool has been developed to analyze Airborne Wind Energy Systems (AWES) that utilize lightweight kites or large drones. This innovation offers a cost-effective way to harness wind energy at high altitudes, where traditional wind turbines are not feasible.
A team of Penn State mechanical engineers developed a self-healing membrane that screens out smaller objects while allowing larger ones to pass through. The membrane responds to an object's kinetic energy and can be optimized for various applications, including medical devices and sanitation systems.
Researchers identified principles for efficient mechanical systems that generate and amplify kinetic energy. Shorter latch release times amplify power, while longer durations eliminate it, explaining why small spring-based systems are more effective.
Researchers at ETH Zurich found that ionization delays in molecules can significantly depend on the kinetic energy of both the photoelectron and the nuclei. This study extends the concept of ionization delays introduced for atomic systems, showing that variations can be as large as those with electronic kinetic energy.
Scientists from FAU, University of Leicester and University of Vigo have proven that the kinetic energy of particles in granular gases can increase temporarily due to surface adhesion. This effect contradicts Haff's law, which states that granular temperature decreases in closed systems.
Researchers used MMS data to identify regions where high-energy electrons are accelerated, a key step in understanding magnetosphere energy conversion. This discovery will help scientists study magnetic reconnection and its effects on Earth's power grids and GPS communications.
Spanish researchers have confirmed how hot water freezes faster than cold water in granular fluids, a phenomenon known as the Mpemba effect. They also found that the opposite effect can occur: coldest liquids can heat up faster.
Researchers suggest open-ocean wind farms can sustain higher electricity generation rates than on-land wind farms due to kinetic energy reservoir access. Annual global energy demand could be met with commercial-scale open-ocean wind turbines spanning approximately 3 million square kilometers.
A team of researchers at RWTH Aachen University used the Cray XC40 Hazel Hen supercomputer to simulate turbulent multiphase flows, paving the way for more accurate modeling and design of cleaner coal plants. The study's findings support the team's goal of improving CO2 emissions from coal power plants.
An international team of scientists found that strongly nonlinear systems can reach equilibrium, provided certain conditions are met. The breakthrough was made by examining the collisions between solitary waves in a chain of solid spheres and comparing the results with dynamical computer simulations.
Researchers adapted an instrument for high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy to reduce the time required to measure phonon dispersion. The device uses a hemispherical electron analyzer and high energy-resolution electron source, allowing surface scientists to measure samples that were previously too cumbersome.