Articles tagged with Thermal Radiation
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MIT engineers developed ultrathin electronic films that sense heat and other signals, reducing the bulk of conventional goggles and scopes. The new pyroelectric thin film is highly sensitive to heat and radiation across the far-infrared spectrum, enabling lighter, more portable night-vision eyewear.
Researchers enhance organic scintillators' light yield by introducing charge-separated state traps, achieving higher LY than traditional inorganic scintillators. The resulting scintillator displays a super-long afterglow for 7 hours, enabling new non-destructive testing methods.
A task group led by Samuel L. Manzello is developing international standards for large outdoor fires, including wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires. The new standards aim to improve resilience against these types of fires, which are becoming increasingly common due to urbanization and climate change.
Researchers developed high-sensitivity and low-noise infrared superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, achieving sub-mK temperature resolution. The detectors used photon counting technology, overcoming limitations of conventional semiconductor detectors.
A new smart window technology combines liquid crystals with nanoporous microparticles and a patterned vanadium dioxide layer to simultaneously control visible light and infrared radiation. The device offers fast, efficient heat and visibility management, marking a significant step forward in energy-efficient building design.
A team of Rice University scientists has developed a coating that suppresses thermal emissions from hot windows while remaining transparent enough to capture thermal radiation from objects behind the window. This breakthrough enables clear thermal imaging at high temperatures, with potential applications in industries such as chemical ...
Three Ph.D. students and a postdoctoral researcher from Texas A&M are working on RTE projects to create new materials for future nuclear reactors. They are using the Texas A&M Accelerator Laboratory and Idaho National Laboratory to irradiate material, creating voids that can help understand swelling in nuclear reactors.
Next-generation passive radiative cooling technology offers an electricity- and refrigerant-free cooling solution, potentially reducing surface temperature by at least 2°C. The innovation has promising application potential in buildings, roads, and clothing, addressing issues such as urban heat islands and greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers developed a new type of temperature-adaptive radiative cooling device with improved performance, reducing solar absorptance by 7.54% and increasing emissivity by 13.3%. This advancement holds promise for optimizing energy use and advancing sustainable thermal management solutions.
The research team has successfully demonstrated the control of thermal radiation by metasurfaces, achieving circularly polarized light with full control over emission direction. This breakthrough enables the creation of custom light sources with desired spectral, polarization, and spatial features for various applications.
A new method to measure continuous light spectrum improves thermal imaging accuracy without direct contact. It eliminates wavelength and temperature dependence, revealing higher surface temperatures of photothermal catalysts than previous methods.
A team of researchers from TU Wien and the University of Manchester demonstrated the control of thermal radiation by manipulating its topological properties. They created a coating with varying metal layer thickness along the coastline of the British Isles, allowing for localized heat emission at specific points.
Researchers have identified collagen features as valuable biomarkers for evaluating melanoma immunotherapy response. Single-fiber characteristics were found to be more sensitive to treatment-induced changes than bulk collagen features, offering insights into collagen remodeling over time.
Researchers used thermodynamics to describe the expansion of the Universe, finding that adiabatic and anisotropic effects are accompanied by cooling due to the barocaloric effect. The study proposes a novel way to investigate anisotropic effects associated with the expansion of the Universe.
Researchers analyzed 42 superflares using two models and concluded that hydrogen recombination is the most physically plausible explanation for high levels of energy. This model is supported by flare processes described in solar flares, which are well-studied phenomena.
Researchers demonstrate how a simple mirror design can amplify radiative cooling processes for buildings. The mirror structure effectively guides thermal radiation towards the most transmissive portion of the atmosphere, increasing cooling power.
Researchers developed a Kerr-enhanced optical spring to boost the sensitivity of next-generation gravitational wave detectors. The new design successfully amplifies signals without increasing intracavity power, opening up new avenues for unraveling the universe's mysteries.
Researchers developed a model predicting how changes in anvil cloud area affect global warming, confirming its effectiveness and reducing uncertainty. However, the brightness of clouds remains understudied and is a key obstacle to predicting future global warming.
A study by NTU Singapore researchers found that cool paint coatings can reduce city heat by up to 2 degrees Celsius, improving pedestrian thermal comfort levels. The coatings reflected sunlight and absorbed less heat, resulting in cooler temperatures and reduced indoor air-conditioning energy consumption.
A new universal figure-of-merit for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices has been introduced to assess performance and balance power density and efficiency. This metric enables the classification of previously reported experimental results, providing a clear picture of TPV device overall performance.
Research using thermal imaging found that numbats are prone to overheating during hot weather, with body temperatures exceeding 40°C. Their unique fur mechanism allows for heat exchange, but is limited by temperature and shade availability.
A new technology uses meta-optical devices to perform thermal imaging, providing richer information about imaged objects. The approach can be used for various applications such as autonomous navigation, material identification, security, and medical imaging.
Researchers demonstrate that perovskite solar cells damaged by proton radiation in low-earth orbit can recover up to 100% of their original efficiency via thermal vacuum annealing. The study used ultrathin sapphire substrates and found that fluorine diffusion from the dopant causes defects, which can be reversed by heat treatment.
A research team at CityU developed a multifunctional composite polymer coating with both radiative and non-radiative cooling capacity, enhancing heat dissipation in wearable electronics. The cooling interface achieved temperature drops of over 56°C, improving the performance of skin electronic devices.
A study by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf team demonstrates efficient conversion of high-frequency signals into visible light using graphene-based materials. The mechanism involves a thermal radiation process, and the conversion is ultrafast and tunable.
A research team developed a radiative transfer model for plant leaves in the thermal infrared spectrum and found that as the cuticle layer decreases, leaf reflectance increases with decreasing water content. This study provides essential theoretical foundations for understanding TIR spectral behavior of leaves.
Researchers at Drexel University discovered that a thin MXene coating can enhance a material's ability to trap or shed heat. The coating, which is 200-300 times thinner than a human hair, can be used for both localized thermal management and large-scale radiative heating and cooling systems.
The Tibetan Plateau's land surface darkening due to global warming affects regional and remote climates in Asia. The study predicts a 6.9% loss in glacier volume and increased monsoon precipitation over South Asia by the end of the century.
Researchers at Purdue University have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of thermal radiation, uncovering a new method for generating spinning thermal radiation in a controlled and efficient manner. The team's findings, published in Science Advances, demonstrate the ability to generate predominantly left-handed circularly pol...
A new passive cooling system developed at MIT combines radiative, evaporative, and thermal insulation to provide up to 19 degrees Fahrenheit of cooling from ambient temperature. This technology has the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and extend food storage in off-grid locations.
Researchers have developed a new nanophotonic coating that can effectively manage body temperature without the need for external energy sources. The coating, which is transparent to visible light and infrared radiation, has been shown to provide a 15°C higher heating effect than commercial clothing.
New research develops a low-index BaF2 thin film-based microspectrometer technology for LWIR spectral sensing. The study demonstrates the use of flat and stress-free free-standing distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) for high-performance wavelength discrimination in the long-wave infrared region.
Australian researchers have developed a device that can generate electricity from thermal radiation using technology similar to night-vision goggles. The team successfully tested a 'thermo-radiative diode' capable of converting infrared heat into electrical power, with the potential to harness solar energy at night.
Scientists developed an all-season smart-roof coating that automatically switches between cooling and heating, outperforming commercial cool-roof systems in energy savings. The technology uses vanadium dioxide to regulate its rate of radiative cooling, overcoming the problem of overcooling in winter.
Researchers at Duke University developed electrochromic technology that can alternate between harvesting heat from sunlight and allowing an object to cool. The device, which uses a thin layer of graphene and metal nanoparticles, demonstrates a tuning range of thermal radiation never seen before.
A new analysis of US national data finds that external-beam radiation therapy is a proven treatment option for patients with unresectable liver cancer but is rarely prescribed, with only 3.6% of patients receiving it. The study suggests that institutional and regional practice patterns play a key role in driving treatment decisions.
Researchers developed a scalable multilayer metafabric with exceptional passive radiative cooling functionality and excellent mechanical properties. The fabric can be easily produced through industrial manufacturing routes and demonstrates promising potential for widespread application.
Researchers have developed a class of materials that manipulates thermal radiation, allowing for efficient energy conversion systems and improved sensing technologies. By directing heat in specific directions over broad spectra, the new material offers capabilities for imaging, sensing applications, solar heating, waste heat recovery, ...
Researchers studying quantum materials aim to design new materials with novel thermal properties, potentially enhancing energy efficiency in devices. Sheila Edalatpour's work may lead to breakthroughs in thermophotovoltaic waste heat recovery, electronic devices, and thermal diodes.
University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers developed a new technique to measure temperature beneath the surface of certain materials, called depth thermography. This method uses thermal radiation emitted by objects and sophisticated algorithms to infer temperature not just on the surface but also underneath.
Researchers discovered that butterfly wings contain a network of living cells that require a constrained temperature range for optimal function. The wings also exhibit enhanced radiative cooling through nanostructures, which selectively reduces the temperature of living structures.
The study introduces a universal detection method utilizing thermal radiation's intrinsic super-linearity for high-resolution imaging of objects at all scales. This technique enables arbitrarily cranked-up super-resolution factor and applications in various fields such as thermal imaging, self-driving cars, and stealth object detection.
Researchers at UW-Madison developed an ultrathin coating that decouples temperature and thermal light emission, allowing for temperature-independent thermal radiation. This technology has potential applications in heat transfer, camouflage, and infrared imaging protection.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo created a thermomechanical device to detect terahertz radiation, allowing for sensitive and rapid detection at room temperature. This technology opens up new applications for THz technologies, such as THz cameras.
Researchers developed a statistical method to quantify changes in environmental systems, finding La Nina winters favor mountain snowpack. Scientists also invented synthetic antibodies that could improve disease detection and toxin identification.
Researchers used reverse-biased LEDs to cool devices by harnessing thermal radiation, a concept commonly used in battery operation. This approach could lead to new solid-state cooling technology for microprocessors, enabling faster and more efficient computing.
Researchers fabricated and tested Ag/ZnO-Nanorods Schottky diodes for UV detection, achieving cost-effective and low-voltage applications. The devices demonstrated good sensitivity and rapid response times.
Researchers discovered that Saharan silver ants use a coat of uniquely shaped hairs to control electromagnetic waves over an extremely broad range, enabling passive radiative cooling. The hair coating enhances optical reflection and radiative heat dissipation, keeping the ants' body temperature below their critical thermal maximum.
The Tibetan Plateau is warming at a faster rate than the rest of the globe, with a 30-year decline in thermal forcing attributed to enhanced top-of-atmosphere outgoing radiation. This phenomenon enhances shortwave and longwave radiation, leading to increased cloud cover and radiative cooling.
A phase III clinical trial shows that non-invasive magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound treatment relieves pain and improves function for most patients with bone metastases. Patients responded well to treatment, with 64 percent experiencing either no pain or a significant reduction in their pain within several days of treatment.
The University of Bristol has developed a large semi-autonomous drone called the ARM system to provide visual and thermal monitoring of radiation after nuclear material releases. The system can detect radiation and prevent exposure to response crews, improving safety in disaster response scenarios.
Researchers at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine have discovered that combined radiation and burn injuries trigger 100 times greater bacterial leakage across the intestinal lining, leading to sepsis and death. This finding could lead to new treatments for survivors of nuclear disasters.
Scientists at Vienna University of Technology experimentally confirmed a new theory of heat radiation for ultra-thin optical fibers, showing that smaller objects can't radiate efficiently. This discovery is crucial for nano-devices and aerosol physics.
A new type of detector harnessing the properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes may prove useful for various industrial and scientific applications. The detector eliminates the need for cooling systems, allowing for highly sensitive infrared detection.
Researchers at Boston College have developed a designer metamaterial that can engineer emitted 'blackbody' radiation with an efficiency beyond natural limits, opening doors for innovative energy harvesting applications. The material's ability to control emissivity could further enhance energy conversion efficiency.
Georgia Tech researchers develop method to predict evanescent wave behavior in nanoscale radiation heat transfer, enabling design of new nanodevices and technologies. The discovery opens path for various applications, including solar thermal energy technologies.
Researchers found combining thermal ablation with radiation therapy increases median survival rate to 42 months in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Recurrence rates were lower, with 24% of patients experiencing recurrence at 44 months.
Researchers at NASA Langley studied various aspects of atmospheric science, including the tropical radiation energy budget, climate classification, and the impact of increased aircraft traffic on climate change. The study used data from the NASA Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) to analyze the effects of weather and climate para...