Articles tagged with Historical Archeology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers decode a 800-year-old document, correcting misunderstandings of 'wolves' instead of 'elves', to reveal a medieval preacher weaving pop culture into sermons. The study sheds new light on Chaucer's references and the legend's impact on courtly romance.
The research reveals that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens coexisted and shared aspects of daily life, technology, and burial customs. These interactions fostered cultural exchange, social complexity, and behavioral innovations.
Researchers have uncovered clay tablets with ancient cuneiform writing, game boards, and large structural remains at the ancient Mesopotamian site of Kurd Qaburstan in Iraq. The study sheds new light on literacy, urban development, and social inequality in this Middle Bronze Age city.
The study uses GPR and laser scanners to create a digital map of the Castle's sub-surface, revealing underground cavities and passageways. The technology provides a historical record and allows for immersive experience projects combining history and innovation.
Researchers studied ancient texts to understand how people in ancient Mesopotamia experienced emotions in their bodies. They found similarities with modern bodily maps, but also contrasting results, such as feelings of happiness being associated with the liver and feet, unlike modern humans who experience it in the hands.
A USF study has confirmed the existence of hallucinogenic cocktails in ancient Egyptian fertility rituals, using a Bes mug as evidence. The concoction, flavored with honey and other ingredients, was likely used to induce dream-vision in magic rituals reenacting Egyptian myths.
Researchers from the University of Bologna identified correlations between ancient cylinder seal designs and proto-cuneiform signs in southern Iraq. The study, published in Antiquity, sheds light on the birth of writing and may help decipher unknown signs.
The study reveals that the Tartessians' use of earthen construction was a highly adapted and sustainable approach, particularly in local environmental contexts. This achievement highlights their advanced architectural skills and underscores their ability to build in harmony with nature.
A study published in Journal of Anthropological Archaeology reveals that interpersonal violence was more common in Norway, with higher rates of trauma on skeletons and the presence of weaponry. In contrast, Denmark experienced more controlled violence linked to official executions.
A team of archaeologists uncovered an elite grave in Dornod Province, Mongolia, dating back to the pre-Mongol period. The find provides crucial insights into local communities' networks and organization during a period marked by post-imperial destabilization and intense political competition.
The research integrated zooarchaeological analysis with rock art depictions, showing a diverse diet and exploitation of various environments. The findings suggest that the artists did not just paint what they ate, but also represented complex mythology and supernatural connections.
A digital archive created by archivist Jeff Kramer highlights the contributions of Albanian laborer Emin Kani Barin to UC's historic excavation at Troy. Kani's impressive skills and work ethic earned him recognition from Carl Blegen, the expedition leader, who described him as the dig's most important worker.
Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of early plant farming in east Africa, revealing a pattern of gradual introductions of different crops that originated from different parts of the continent. The study found domesticated cowpea, sorghum, and finger millet seeds dating back to around 2,300 years ago.
A new study suggests that the Cahokia exodus may have been due to external pressures rather than crop failure, finding no evidence of widespread drought impact. Researchers believe the society had the engineering skills to maintain crops and a diverse diet, leading them to gradually disperse rather than abandon their land.
Researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz reconstructed the development of Barbegal's former water mills using carbonate deposits. The study found that wooden water wheels and gutters were replaced every 3-8 years, and the structure was modified to increase water flow.
Researchers used modern technology to estimate the number of rock gardens on Easter Island and food production, revealing that the island couldn't sustain a large population. The study's findings contradict the long-held notion of an ecological catastrophe and instead suggest a more sustainable approach to agriculture.
Researchers are using a hyper-diverse group of herbs called bellflowers to understand relationships between species, origins, and human activity. The project combines genetic data, archaeological records, and computer modeling to create a playbook for answering similar questions in other regions.
Researchers discovered that the Dendra armour was flexible enough to permit full movement and resilient enough to protect the wearer from most blows. The findings shed new light on ancient warfare and its impact on the Eastern Mediterranean region.
The discovery of charred stable remains at Tossal de Baltarga has provided a glimpse into the economic patterns of inhabitants who lived in the Pyrenees during the Iron Age. The finds suggest a complex economy involving farming, agriculture, forest management and mining activities.
The study reveals that the pyramids were concentrated in a narrow desert strip due to a former river branch, known as Ahramat, which is now buried beneath farmland and desert. The findings suggest that the river branch was used for transporting construction materials and could help prioritize archaeological excavations along its banks.
The study of three Roman-era lead ingots from Los Escoriales de Doña Rama reveals the importance of lead production and exportation in ancient Cordoba, a major center for smelting lead during the Roman period. The ingots, dated to the first century A.D., demonstrate the region's significant role in Mediterranean trade.
A team of researchers from Griffith University has uncovered evidence of human occupation in a lava tube cave in northern Saudi Arabia, spanning the Neolithic to Chalcolithic/Bronze Age periods. The discovery sheds light on ancient pastoralist activities and cultural exchange along pastoral routes.
A recent study reveals that humans inhabited a lava tube in northern Saudi Arabia for thousands of years, with evidence of repeated occupation and a transition to oasis agriculture. The site provides valuable insights into the history of human settlement in the region.
A three-year research project at the University of Oldenburg examines the resettlement history of Hazor, a Bronze Age megacity in eastern Mediterranean, and its impact on early Israelite identities. The team aims to uncover how narratives about these events influenced the shaping of early Israelite cultures.
Recent research connects biological domestication to early food globalization, proposing a new conceptual framework that challenges traditional narratives. Archaeological investigations have shown that plant and animal domestication entailed a more gradual transition spanning thousands of years across extensive geographies.
Researchers have found tiny microplastic particles in archaeological soil samples dating back to the first century, potentially compromising preserved remains. The study suggests that preserving archaeology in situ may no longer be appropriate due to microplastic contamination.
Researchers used isotope analysis to identify the origins of elite horses in medieval London, finding half had diverse international origins. The horses, used in jousting tournaments and status symbols, were sourced from Europe specifically for their height and strength.
Astronomers Khyati Malhan and Hans-Walter Rix identified two proto-galactic fragments, Shakti and Shiva, that merged with an early Milky Way between 12-13 billion years ago. These remnants share low metal content and unusual energy and angular momentum values, making them potential ancestors of the galaxy.
Excavations at La Marmotta, Italy, uncovered five Neolithic canoes dating between 5700-5100BC, featuring advanced construction techniques. The discovery provides invaluable insights into early navigation and the technological sophistication of ancient communities.
A team of archaeologists from the University of Leicester has rediscovered over 50 lost archaeological sites at the Eastern Sovereign Base Area in Dhekelia, Cyprus. The sites, dating back to the Bronze Age and spanning multiple periods, were found using a combination of GIS mapping and surveying techniques.
Researchers found that Chinese migrants in Los Angeles Chinatown overcame economic barriers by raising pigs and distributing pork, a practice similar to traditional South China pig husbandry. The study analyzed dental calculus on pig teeth, revealing rice as the primary food source.
Fallow deer were first introduced to Britain by the Romans, not the Normans, and have been repeatedly moved by humans as a symbol of colonial power. Their strong association with Greco-Roman goddesses has driven much of their movements around the Mediterranean.
Researchers analyzed ancient fecal samples to assess what details of the ancient people's lives could be ascertained from these samples. The study found DNA fragments of human betaherpesvirus 5, adenovirus F, and other viral and bacterial genetic material from thousands of years ago.
A new database of 928 weed species provides a unique insight into the history of agriculture and its ability to adapt to changing conditions. The data reveals trends in arable agriculture over time and how farming practices have varied in different environments, offering potential solutions for modern-day food production.
Researchers uncover evidence of German soldiers consolidating the crater and using it to their advantage as a new defensive position. The detonation of the mine at Hawthorn Ridge marked the beginning of the Battle of the Somme, but alerted the Germans, leading to heavy losses among British troops.
Researchers unveil a monumental earthen wall, trench, and 34 structures spanning 405 kilometers. The study contributes to understanding medieval wall systems, raising questions about motives, functionality, and socio-political implications.
Researchers from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History analyzed a 160-year-old woolly dog pelt to determine its genetic makeup. The study found that woolly dogs diverged from other breeds up to 5,000 years ago and were genetically similar to pre-colonial dogs from Newfoundland and British Columbia.
A study of Viking Age teeth from Varnhem in Sweden found that 49% of the population had one or more caries lesions, with children's milk teeth being entirely caries-free. The Vikings also underwent dental treatment, including filing front teeth and relieving pressure through holes drilled into molars.
Researchers from the University of Notre Dame document extensive damage to Ukraine's cultural heritage sites, including churches, schools, and archaeological sites. The team found widespread devastation caused by missile strikes and underground trench systems, with many historical buildings and monuments affected.
Researchers found evidence of domesticated yak dating back 2,500 years in the southern Tibetan Plateau, revealing insights into animal domestication pathways and human adaptation to high-altitude environments. The discovery was made using a combination of ancient DNA sequencing and zooarchaeological analysis.
Human activities have significantly impacted the moon's environment since Luna 2 landed in 1959. The Lunar Anthropocene concept aims to raise awareness about humanity's influence on the lunar surface and its preservation.
A multidisciplinary study reconstructed the genomic history of the Balkan Peninsula during the first millennium CE, highlighting cosmopolitanism of the Roman frontier. The analysis revealed a large demographic contribution of people from Anatolia and cases of long-distance mobility from Africa and the steppes.
Researchers analyzed skeletal remains from medieval Cambridge to recreate everyday lives of residents, revealing diet, activities, and bodily traumas. A new study investigates the hospital's inhabitants, showing how a medieval benefits system operated, with selection criteria based on material want, politics, and spiritual merit.
A new tool called dahliagram enables cross-disciplinary collaboration to study past and present human-environmental interactions. The tool allows researchers to analyze and visualize diverse data sources, promoting nuanced understanding and testing hypotheses.
Research reveals that European wildcats and domestic cats generally avoided mating for 2,000 years after domestic cat introduction. However, rates of interbreeding rose rapidly around 50 years ago in Scotland, likely due to dwindling wildcat populations and habitat loss.
Two ancient species of whales, the North Atlantic right whale and the grey whale, disappeared from European waters centuries before industrial whaling began. Archaeological analysis of 719 whale bones reveals that early whaling had a devastating impact on these species.
Researchers used radiocarbon dating and time-series modeling to study the timing and causes of megafauna extinctions at Rancho La Brea Tar Pits. The team found that a sharp decline in population occurred between 13,070 to 12,900 years ago, coinciding with warming and drying climate change and increased fires sparked by humans.
A new study analyzed ancient DNA from Spanish settlements in the Caribbean and Mexico, revealing that cattle were imported from Africa early in the colonization process. This challenges previous historical records, which suggested cattle were only introduced by Europeans from Europe.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have identified a Roman road network spanning Devon and Cornwall using LiDAR scans and geographical modelling. The network, which connected settlements with military forts, reveals that North Tawton was a strategically vital connection point.
A new study using ancient DNA found that workers buried more than 500 years ago came from different parts of the Inca Empire, including Amazonia. The analysis supports historical documentation and archaeological studies, providing insights into the genetic histories and lifeways of Machu Picchu's occupants.
Researchers have discovered that green sea turtles have been returning to the same seagrass meadows along Egypt and West Libya coasts for approximately 3,000 years. This long-term diet has allowed scientists to connect past dietary habits with specific locations, shedding light on human-induced effects on the environment.
A team of researchers from the University of Cologne has successfully decoded a previously unknown ancient script, known as the Kushan script. The breakthrough was made possible by analyzing inscriptions found in caves, bowls, and clay pots in Central Asia, which provided key clues to deciphering the writing system.
A recent study analyzing data from 63 foraging societies worldwide reveals that women hunt in at least 79 percent of these societies, targeting game of all sizes. Women's involvement in teaching hunting practices and employing diverse weapon choices also challenges the long-held perception of men as primary hunters.
Researchers at Flinders University identified rare images of Moluccan vessels in NT rock art paintings, potentially providing evidence of visitors from Southeast Asia to northern Australia. The depictions feature distinctive shape and configuration, indicating a degree of intimate knowledge of the craft.
Researchers uncovered traces of Giardia duodenalis, a common cause of debilitating diarrhoea, in two Jerusalem latrines dating back to the biblical Kingdom of Judah. The study suggests dysentery was endemic in the Kingdom of Judah.
A research team at Göttingen University analyzed data from over 1,000 prehistoric burials in Europe, finding that 10% of individuals did not fit the binary norm. The study suggests that non-binary persons were formally acknowledged and protected in prehistoric societies.
Researchers have identified the oldest known true-to-scale construction plans in human history, dating back 8,000 to 9,000 years. The ancient engravings depict so-called desert dragons, kilometre-long megastructures used for trapping animals.
Researchers propose that 'lager yeast' S. pastorianus originated from a contamination event involving S. cerevisiae at the Duke's court brewery in Munich in 1602. The new findings suggest that lagers likely first emerged in Bavaria at least two hundred years earlier than previously thought.
Research at University of York and Tel Aviv University uncovers white grape variety, potentially oldest documented globally, hinting at sweet white wine's history in desert conditions. Genetic analysis links ancient seeds to modern varieties still grown around Mediterranean today.
A recent study published in Science reveals that domestic horses transformed human life in North America following their reintroduction. The research used archaeological materials, historical sources, and Indigenous knowledge to understand when, why, and how horses were integrated into Native Nations' lifeways.