The Virginia Tech IREN program will provide fellowships for graduate students in engineering, computer science, economics, and business, focusing on broadband wireless access, mobile internet, and network security. The program aims to make the Internet accessible globally, with the goal of revolutionizing networking.
A nationwide study of over 16,000 women found that common menopause symptoms vary across ethnic groups, socioeconomic statuses, and lifestyle habits. Symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness were more prevalent in African American and Hispanic women, while Japanese and Chinese women reported fewer symptoms.
A new model developed at the University of Illinois predicts residual stresses in polymer-matrix components, enabling accurate prediction of final dimensions and dimensional accuracy. The model combines simulation with optimization methods to reduce product defects and improve manufacturing process.
Researchers have discovered that synthetic superoxide dismutase and catalase can extend the lifespan of C. elegans nematode worms by approximately 50%. These catalytic drugs convert oxygen radicals into water, reducing oxidative stress and protecting mitochondrial function.
Researchers at UCSD Institute of Molecular Medicine have discovered a new genetic pathway that plays a pivotal role in the onset of sudden cardiac death. The study found defects in genes controlling heart's electrical wiring may lead to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a multidimensional technique that enhances vibrational spectroscopy, allowing for unprecedented detail in studying molecular vibrations. This new method enables femtosecond-resolved snapshots of molecular motions, providing insights into the fundamental mechanics of molecules.
A University of Illinois study found that one in five kids have a negative reaction to school initially, which can persist throughout the year and affect their participation. The researchers suggest that parents should monitor their child's feelings about school and prepare them for the transition to kindergarten.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed a novel drug delivery system that targets bones directly, potentially treating osteoporosis more effectively. The system uses growth factors to stimulate bone cells and retains the drug in the targeted area, reducing side effects.
Researchers have discovered two targets for a new generation of cholesterol-lowering drugs that should allow greater precision in managing cholesterol levels. A key compound, LG268, has been shown to completely block the absorption of cholesterol in mice, while also enhancing the production of reverse cholesterol transporters.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School are harnessing the longevity of a herpes simplex virus to develop an HIV vaccine. Their live attenuated vaccine has shown promising results in non-human primates, inducing immunity that lasted for months.
HHMI researchers have found a way to shut down the inflammatory response in cells that spares related mechanisms needed for proper function. The treatment relieves inflammation in mice with surprising effectiveness by targeting NF-kB.
Scientists at University of Illinois have developed a new PCR-based detection method for soybean fungus, detecting even minute traces of the disease-causing strain in soil and plant tissues. The method shows high sensitivity and accuracy, allowing for precise identification of the pathogen and its implications on crop yields.
A study of older adults living alone after hospitalization found that they struggle with daily activities and are at risk of nursing home admission. Informal visits from family and friends can provide crucial support to help them recover and maintain community living.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers found that a chemical called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) directly stimulates the brain's digestive control center, causing nausea and vomiting. Elevated TNF levels can lead to long-term changes in digestion function, resulting in persistent symptoms.
The Sequella Global Tuberculosis Foundation invites researchers worldwide to apply for $50,000 grants to develop effective vaccines for human tuberculosis. The program aims to spur innovation and encourage new approaches to vaccine development.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center discovered that non-pathogenic bacteria in the GI tract can block an immune system pathway called NF-KB, preventing cells from responding to potential threats. This mechanism may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and other intestinal diseases.
A recent study suggests that hospitals and healthcare organizations can make quick and efficient changes to lower back pain treatment by adopting new guidelines and strategies. The ideal approach involves extensive use of patient education and self-care, with a focus on exercise therapy over diagnostic imaging tests.
A study suggests that people are more likely to vote if they actively dislike a presidential candidate, but only if there is a preferred candidate to support. The research, based on nationwide survey data from 1972 to 1988, found that voters form impressions about candidates similarly to those in other areas of life.
A survey conducted by the University of Illinois found that farmers are twice as likely to continue working beyond age 65 compared to people in similar professions. The average age of farmers 65 or older was 73, with a third being 75 years old and having farmed for 46 years.
A new study in Science predicts that genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops may severely reduce bird populations on a small percentage of farms, particularly those with high seed densities. The consequences depend on which farmers adopt the new crop types, with intensive farms experiencing more significant declines.
Researchers have successfully increased normal life span in nematode worms through the use of synthetic catalytic scavengers, a new class of antioxidant drugs. The treatment extended mean life spans by approximately 50% and prevented early death in a mutant strain linked to oxidative stress.
Cornell University researchers reveal molecular motor Myo2p's crucial role in guiding the mitotic spindle during cell division. The study sheds light on an essential mechanism in new cell formation and highlights potential consequences of failures in molecular motor function.
A plant compound, cyclopamine, has been found to block the action of mutated cancer genes that produce basal cell skin carcinomas. The drug may be used to treat various types of cancers, including medulloblastomas in the brain and rhabdomyosarcomas in muscle.
A study finds that multinationals that adopt stringent global environmental standards in developing countries outperform those using laxer standards, averaging a $10.4 billion higher market value. The researchers suggest that firms that prioritize eco-efficient production systems may see increased productivity and profitability.
A comprehensive study by Cornell University expert Lance Compa finds widespread labor rights violations in the US, with employers frequently firing workers who try to form unions and millions excluded from organizing laws. The report highlights the need for US labor law reform to meet international human rights standards.
Researchers have developed a new technique called ICE that tests materials under extreme magnetic forces without explosions. The technique allows for faster and less expensive testing over a wide range of stress conditions.
Two studies reveal that half of parents using donor insemination are not telling their children about their biological origins, putting them at risk. Meanwhile, a UK study of adults conceived through DI found they faced identity issues, feelings of abandonment and deceit within their families.
A study at the University of California, Santa Barbara, detects a 'dead' time between photon emissions from a single quantum dot, verifying the quantum theory of light and paving the way for applications in quantum computing and optics. The experiment was performed at room temperature, a significant finding as it demonstrates the robus...
A preliminary study suggests that estrogen can effectively boost mood in women experiencing depression during perimenopause. The hormone significantly improved symptoms such as early morning awakening and loss of enjoyment, with relief achieved within three weeks.
A team of researchers found that radiologists prefer different images for evaluating various breast tissue abnormalities, requiring new computer programs for optimal results. The technology holds great promise in finding breast cancer earlier, but optimizing images for different tasks is crucial.
A recent study review suggests that elderly smokers who quit can significantly reduce their risk of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary artery disease. Additionally, quitting at an older age can still lead to improved life expectancy and a lower risk of smoking-induced mortality.
A recent study found that older women who engage in multiple preventive practices are more likely to have regular mammograms. The research suggests that health education efforts emphasizing the importance of lifelong health promotion can improve mammography use among this demographic.
Researchers found Sudafed to be relatively safe for divers, but Dramamine could have serious consequences on mental functioning and judgment. The studies used hyperbaric oxygen chambers to simulate pressures at different depths, revealing the effects of medications on scuba diving performance.
A team of researchers has completed the genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the largest bacterium sequenced so far. The findings may lead to innovative therapies for patients with cystic fibrosis and those who develop severe infections.
University of Iowa researchers found that injecting angioblasts, precursor cells for endothelial cells, accelerates blood flow restoration in diabetic mice. This breakthrough has implications for treating diabetes-related circulatory problems and improving limb health.
Scientists have nearly eliminated pre-cancerous colon polyps in mice susceptible to colon tumors by combining an aspirin-like compound with a drug that inhibits epidermal growth factor activity. The combination therapy successfully blocked the development of pre-cancerous polyps and reduced cancerous tumor formation by over 95%.
Researchers have found pore-like holes in red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum, a deadly form of the malaria parasite. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments for malaria, a widespread and devastating disease that affects over 40% of the world's population.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that metformin may help treat fatty liver disease in patients with obesity-related insulin resistance. The drug completely cured fatty liver in mice and showed promise in reducing liver inflammation and improving insulin sensitivity.
A team of researchers has discovered the gene responsible for Mucolipidosis IV, a rare genetic disorder affecting Ashkenazi Jews. The newly identified gene is linked to impaired fat breakdown, leading to accumulation of fats and sugars in lysosomes.
Researchers have found a pore-like hole in the membranes of red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite. This discovery may lead to new treatments for malaria, a devastating disease that kills over one million people each year. The study provides a new target for potential new malaria treatments.
A new $50,000 grant will establish professional arts programs inside healthcare institutions to support the healing process. The Society for the Arts in Healthcare will develop training programs and provide guidance to help organizations integrate arts into their environments.
The European Respiratory Society warns that hundreds of medicines can cause lung diseases, with 310 therapeutic substances identified as having iatrogenic effects. Early withdrawal of these medicines can reduce the risk of damaging sequelae in 70% of cases.
A study of 27,743 patients found that long-acting calcium channel blockers increased the risk of heart attacks and congestive heart failure by 26% and 27%, respectively. The findings suggest that alternative antihypertensive drugs like diuretics, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors may be more effective in preventing cardiovascular events.
A new strategy involving radiation and bone marrow infusion appears to effectively reduce immune system attack in intestinal transplant recipients. Five patients who received irradiated intestines experienced no episodes of rejection for up to four months, while two control patients experienced typical rejection within weeks.
A new study has found that osteoporosis doubles the risk of fractures in nursing home residents, particularly those with better mobility. Researchers discovered that 80% of women in the study had osteoporosis and that low bone mineral density increased fracture rates.
The COPERNICUS trial demonstrates a significant survival benefit of carvedilol in patients with advanced heart failure, reducing mortality rates by 35%. The study involved over 2,200 patients and showed that carvedilol decreased mortality rates compared to placebo.
Researchers at Purdue University have devised a way to stabilize nanoparticles made of metal by wrapping them in a molecular coating. This process prevents the nanoparticles from fusing together and allows for easy manipulation, opening doors to new nano-structured materials.
The University of California has established the Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research (CMCR) to conduct rigorous scientific studies on medicinal cannabis. The center aims to assess the safety and efficacy of cannabis in treating specific medical conditions, such as severe appetite suppression, chronic pain, and nausea associated with...
Researchers at UNC-CH found that small studies reported higher cancer risks than larger ones, and that the general public is unlikely to get esophageal cancer even with heartburn. The study's findings suggest that widespread testing for Barrett's esophagus may not be necessary.
A UC Davis study identifies brain systems affected in stroke patients with memory loss, distinguishing them from those affected by Alzheimer's disease. This distinction enables physicians to treat root causes of memory loss, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, and prevent strokes.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center and Geron Corp. have made promising findings on a 'universal' cancer vaccine based on the telomerase protein. The active part of telomerase can stimulate development of immune cells that recognize and kill multiple, unrelated mouse and human cancer cells.
A new interactive multimedia tutorial for woody plant identification has been released by Kendall/Hunt Publishing. The software includes 9,500 color photographs and scientifically tested to increase identification skills among users.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Center for Alcohol Studies is developing an educational program to educate middle-school students about the dangers of maternal alcohol abuse and its effects on unborn babies. The program aims to raise awareness among children and help them make informed decisions about drinking and sex...
Researchers found a dramatic reduction in hypocretin neurons in people with narcolepsy, suggesting a potential link to neurodegenerative processes or autoimmune responses. The study suggests that replacing missing hypocretin cells may reverse symptoms of the disorder, paving the way for new treatment options.
Researchers found that obese subjects showed an attenuated response to simulated sunlight, with serum vitamin D concentrations less than half those of lean individuals. Oral administration of vitamin D2 was more effective in raising serum concentrations, suggesting that obese individuals sequester vitamin D in body fat.
A new study shows that drug treatment interruptions can boost HIV-specific immune responses in chronically infected patients, with one patient controlling his viral infection without drugs for at least four months. This approach, known as structured treatment interruption, may provide a sustainable alternative to current treatments.
Researchers found that 19 out of 47 people with mild cognitive impairment who had difficulty identifying smells went on to develop Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that the inability to recognize smells, combined with a lack of awareness about impaired olfactory senses, may be used as a predictor of impending Alzheimer's disease.
A six-month study found that isoflavone-rich soy protein isolate attenuated bone loss in the lumbar spine of perimenopausal women. The treatment group showed a significant reduction in bone mineral density and content compared to the control group. This suggests that soy may be a useful adjunct therapy for preventing osteoporosis in wo...
Adolescents raised on a strict macrobiotic diet during infancy and early childhood show signs of impaired cognitive function, including lower intelligence and spatial ability scores. A study found an association between vitamin B12 status and cognitive abilities, highlighting the potential risks of avoiding animal products.
The American Geophysical Union Fall 2000 meeting will take place at the Moscone Convention Center in San Francisco from December 15 to 19. Press registrants can access scientific sessions, the Press Room, and Briefing Room with a valid badge.