A new study found that teens and young adults share similar secrets regardless of their family structure, with no significant differences between single-parent, blended, and original families. The study suggests that keeping secrets is a normal part of growing up and doesn't imply dysfunction in stepfamilies.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill and NC State University found that rotating a carbon nanotube controls its ability to conduct electrical current, enabling easier design of electronic devices and actuating systems at the nanoscale level.
A new study reveals that brain function differences in people with schizophrenia make it hard for them to understand and empathize with others. This can lead to problems in relating to people, making friends and getting jobs, which may contribute to rare incidents of violence.
Scientists found that RNA editing is essential for developing mature red blood cells in mammalian embryos. The study reveals that the ADAR1 gene plays a critical role in this process.
A recent Penn study reveals that bone is actively involved in the process of sinus disease, confirming a link between bone involvement and disease spread and chronicity. The study suggests that removal of bony partitions during endoscopic sinus surgery may be crucial for effective treatment.
A Mayo Clinic study challenges the long-held notion that people with depression are at a higher risk of suicide. The research found a stair-step hierarchy of suicide prevalence based on treatment history, with hospitalized patients being at the highest risk level. This new understanding aims to minimize hysteria surrounding depression ...
Alka Agrawal's groundbreaking research reveals the role of 'jumping DNA' in creating our modern-day immune system, which has evolved over 450 million years. Her discovery, made possible by a unique petri-dish system, shows how genes like RAG1 and RAG2 enable complex immune responses.
Research suggests that even small amounts of physical activity, such as short walks or gardening, can be beneficial for seniors. A leading expert advises people to choose activities they enjoy and increase intensity gradually, rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all approach.
A team of U.S. and European astronomers detect X-rays from the farthest known quasar, SDSSp J1044-0125, with a redshift of 5.8, revealing the universe's earliest objects. The quasar's low X-ray emission suggests it may be a 'precursor quasar' or have strong accretion processes.
Researchers have uncovered a biological program that prevents the development of pathogenic fungi under nitrogen-poor conditions. The unfolded protein response (UPR) mediates this morphological response and can be targeted to develop new anti-fungal therapies.
The development of 'smart' flaps could significantly improve the efficiency of supersonic engines by minimizing flow separation. By recirculating air within the boundary layer, these flaps prevent turbulence and increase engine performance.
A study at Ohio State University linked job stress to back pain in introverted individuals and those who dislike repetitive tasks. The researchers tested how students reacted to critical supervision while lifting boxes, finding that stressed individuals used their muscles differently, leading to increased spinal forces.
Researchers are creating new strains of rice plants with insect-killing proteins, eliminating the need for insecticides. The genes are designed to escape gene silencing mechanisms, allowing them to produce proteins in plant roots that prevent water weevils from eating the roots.
Scientists have discovered that the protein ATR is responsible for activating BRCA1 in response to UV light-induced DNA damage, increasing breast cancer susceptibility. This discovery provides new evidence for ATR as a breast cancer susceptibility gene.
Researchers found that the central clock is insensitive to food stimuli and can be overridden by peripheral clocks. This discovery provides insight into the complex circuits connecting brain and body during feeding patterns.
Researchers discovered gold compounds emitting fluorescent light for one million times longer than expected. The light is trapped inside the compound, leading to various applications including detecting diseases and producing sensors. Gold's unique properties also make it effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and cancer.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed mathematical formulas to reduce vibrations on spacecraft, enabling autonomous decision-making without human programming. The technology will be tested on the International Space Station, which is currently under construction with a budget of $50 billion and expected completion in five years.
A novel therapy employing the immune system to attack prostate cancer cells has been found to slow disease progression in some men and decrease PSA levels. The study's results show that modified dendritic cells can train lymphocytes to recognize prostate cancer cells, leading to a stronger immune response.
Researchers at UC Davis found that spirulina significantly increases cytokine production in cultured immune cells, promoting a cell-mediated immune response. This could provide potential benefits for protecting against intracellular pathogens and parasites.
Researchers used satellite images, fossils, and radiocarbon dating to estimate the prehistoric productivity of the Colorado River Delta. The study found that shellfish production declined by 20-fold due to human diversion of the river's flow.
A team of scientists discovered bacteria that can clean up contaminated water by stripping away impurities and re-packaging them into zinc sulfide crystals. These microorganisms, found in the Desulfobacteriaceae family, have the potential to improve the efficiency of mining waste removal.
Researchers have made significant advances in understanding the molecular pathway of root development by studying the auxin signaling pathway. The study identified a novel plant gene called NAC1, which is expressed in root tips and regulates the effect of auxin on root formation.
For the first time, scientists have measured nitric acid trihydrate crystals (NAT crystals) in polar stratospheric clouds. These particles contain three molecules of water and one molecule of nitric acid and can exist in the atmosphere up to 7° above the ice point.
Recent findings on autophagy, a vital cellular process, reveal its connection to various human diseases such as breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative conditions. Autophagy's role in maintaining cell development is also highlighted, alongside the challenges researchers face in understanding its mechanisms.
A new study from the Institute of Psychiatry finds that schizophrenia affects carers' mental and physical well-being from its earliest stages. Carers experience distress due to difficult behaviors and social withdrawal, emphasizing the importance of providing support to prevent further mental illnesses.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a gene therapy that effectively treats abnormal rhythms in pig hearts, using genes delivered by routine catheter methods. The treatment showed a 20% decrease in heart rate compared to control animals, and has the potential to be transferred to human heart disease.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed a technique to measure and visualize how well the lower back moves during rowing, revealing differences between good and bad techniques. The system aims to provide dynamic feedback to rowers and coaches to improve training and reduce injuries.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have developed a new technique to visualize the function of synaptic channels using optical fluctuation analysis. The study revealed that individual synapses typically hold only about six calcium channels, which open with high probability in response to action potentials.
A case report found that oral piercing can cause localized gingival recession, increasing the risk of tooth decay and periodontal disease. Researchers warn of other complications such as infection, swelling, and metal hypersensitivity.
A study found that family caregivers of dementia patients experience a decline in immune responses after vaccination, suggesting they may be more susceptible to illnesses like pneumonia and flu. Chronic stress is believed to play a role in this impairment.
Researchers have identified a potential candidate gene for premature menopause, which may be responsible for up to a quarter of cases in under-25s. The study found that mutations in the inhibin alpha gene were present in three out of 43 women with premature menopause, compared to only one in 150 in an ethnically matched control group.
Two new studies show that bone marrow cells transplanted into mice can migrate into the brain and develop into cells resembling neurons. These findings have significant implications for treating conditions such as Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury, potentially using patients' own cells that would not be rejected by the imm...
A nationwide study found that etanercept significantly slows or stops rheumatoid arthritis progression in nearly three-quarters of patients, with fewer side effects than methotrexate. The new use of etanercept as an early treatment offers a promising alternative for patients with advanced RA.
Researchers at UNC-CH find that electrical resistance varies according to how nanotubes are oriented on a flat surface, with peaks six times as much when rotated 360 degrees. This discovery could be useful for telecommunications and electronics industries.
University of Florida researchers found above-average temperatures significantly reduce rice yields, potentially reducing global food supply by 20-40%. The study suggests that warmer temperatures could force rice yields to zero by 2100.
A University of Michigan study found that men living in urban areas were 62% more likely to die than those in suburbs or rural areas. The excess mortality risk was most significant for infections and tumors, suggesting exposure to hazardous urban environments and stress.
Researchers found natural biofilms that concentrate zinc sulfide, which could aid in treating acid mine drainage. The discovery sheds light on the biology of metal ore formation and offers potential solutions for contaminated mining sites.
The NIH has announced a new initiative and strategic plan for global AIDS research, with the goal of slowing the pandemic and reversing its destruction. The plan includes increased investment in global research, new funding approaches, and support for long-term research infrastructure.
The university will support its new Clinical Research Scholars Program, which aims to improve patient care quality through translational research. The program will teach physicians and researchers essential skills in biostatistics, clinical epidemiology, and study design.
A team of scientists from the University of Massachusetts suggests that some Nasca lines in Peru may mark underground water sources. The research project, detailed in Discover magazine, indicates that the lines depict natural forces and are aligned with groundwater associated with faults in the bedrock.
A Yale University study found no correlation between household hazards and elderly falls, contradicting common wisdom. Instead, researchers recommend targeting proven methods like increasing muscle strength, improving gait and balance, and proper medication management.
A new study by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that children attending Smart Start child care centers were more likely to have regular health care compared to those who did not attend such centers. The study showed a significant reduction in emergency room visits and associated cost savings.
A new method for identifying specific proteins in blood or tissue samples uses protein microarrays to create a molecular 'portrait' of the sample. This technique has been shown to detect specific proteins in concentrations of less than one part per billion, with potential applications in clinical diagnosis and drug development.
The program aims to encourage public housing residents to adopt healthier lifestyles and use available health services. A successful pilot study revealed that 25% of participants had high blood pressure, 65% were smokers, and over 50% were overweight.
Research examines 117 twins and finds that genetics account for 48-59% of periodontal disease differences. The study suggests identifying people at high risk before symptoms appear may lead to new treatment avenues.
A study by Canadian and Penn State researchers found that butterfly ballots are more confusing than single-column ballots, potentially leading to errors in voting. The team tested the ballots with students and adults, finding that those using butterfly ballots rated them as more confusing and made systematic errors in voting.
Researchers recorded tigers' growls and roars to analyze infrasound frequencies. The study suggests that infrasound may be the missing link in tiger communication and could have paralyzing effects on humans.
Researchers at Penn have found a simple urine test that can help track and treat Alzheimer's disease by measuring isoprostane levels. This non-invasive method provides an easier alternative to spinal taps, allowing doctors to diagnose the disease earlier and prepare better treatment.
A comprehensive study on organic weed control in vineyards will be conducted to produce valuable information on controlling weeds without using chemicals. The project aims to provide alternatives for Australian wine producers to maintain their clean reputation and avoid contamination scares.
Researchers found ancient soil in South Africa with organic carbon dating back 2.6-2.7 billion years, indicating microbial mats developed on land during rainy seasons. The findings suggest the development of terrestrial biomass more than 1.4 billion years earlier than previously reported.
A Yale study reveals that stereotactic core needle biopsy can underestimate breast cancer severity, particularly in cases of calcification and atypical ductal hyperplasia. The study found a 9.5% underestimation rate overall, with higher rates for these conditions.
Researchers have created a comprehensive map of yeast protein interactions, revealing intriguing connections between proteins involved in different cellular processes. The network analysis suggests that these interactions can aid in predicting protein functions and uncovering new hypotheses about gene function.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison identify gene called bric-a-brac that establishes sex differences in body pigmentation, with males under pressure to evolve new traits to stay competitive. The discovery provides a window into ongoing evolutionary processes and sheds light on the genetic basis of sex differences.
Researchers discover that mechanical deformation, such as stretching, can induce the expression of smooth muscle cell proteins and is crucial for normal lung development. This pathway may be disrupted in fetuses with oligohydramnion, leading to hypoplastic lungs.
Researchers have developed a recombinant yeast antifungal vaccine that protects mice from infection with blastomycosis, a deadly yeast infection of the lung. The vaccine uses a live attenuated strain of Blastomyces dermatitidis to stimulate an immune response against the pathogen.
The event will feature panel presentations by patients and family members who share their experiences coping with spinal cord injuries. Researchers discuss recent advances in treating SCI, including neurotrophic electrodes, growth factors, gene therapy, and stem cell therapies.
A study published in Nature found that plant-eating insects have diets so poor in nutrients they impair growth, unlike aquatic animals which thrive on nutrient-rich foods. The researchers analyzed the chemical composition of plants and animals to determine how different environments affect food webs.
Researchers identified a dual pathway involving NEP and c-Src in regulating FAK phosphorylation and cell migration. Overexpressing NEP blocks this pathway, while a mutant form of NEP retains activity through interactions with cytoplasmic factors.
Researchers have gained a close look at synapses and dendritic spines governing brain function using high resolution imaging technique two-photon microscopy. They discovered that single calcium channels in these structures are responsible for triggering changes in neurons, encoding memories and processing information.
Scientists have developed a live recombinant vaccine that protects against a fungal infection in mice, using recombinant DNA technology. The vaccine is safer than traditional live vaccines and more effective than 'killed' vaccines, offering a promising approach to protect against rising fungal diseases.