Researchers have developed a synthetic guide star system that can correct for atmospheric turbulence in about three fifths of the sky, opening up a much larger portion of the heavens for study. The system uses laser beams to create artificial stars, providing high-quality images of planets, galaxies, and other objects.
MERBoards will provide a new tool to support collaborative processes in Mars Surface Operations, enhancing mission operations with interactive displays and annotation capabilities.
A new journal series aims to educate physicians about individual and systems factors contributing to medical errors. The series analyzes real-life cases, including a study of 17 errors that allowed one patient to receive an invasive procedure intended for another.
A recent study by Ohio State University found that almost one in 13 soft contact lens wearers develop severe corneal abrasions, leading to infections or other problems. The study suggests that optometrists monitor their patients for such abrasions and proper hygiene habits can prevent them.
A study found that RSV prevention in premature infants during their first winter of life can lead to better lung function and fewer respiratory issues. The treatment reduced the risk of RSV infections by 85%, resulting in fewer colds, asthma attacks, and allergies.
A study found that patients who had one-on-one discussions with pharmacists reported using less medication and having fewer medication-related problems. The sessions helped increase communication between patients and their physicians, leading to improved health outcomes.
A new series of articles explores the causes of medical errors, highlighting the limitations of relying solely on patient charts. Increasing the number of reviewers and requiring confidence in negligence can reduce rates of negligent events.
A survey of over 1,750 inner-city teenagers found that education and job opportunities were top priorities for achieving a positive future. The study suggests that focusing on protective factors such as education, jobs, and adult connections can help mitigate the negative effects of urban poverty.
Researchers found that Rockhoppers, the smallest species, swim up to 180 miles or more from their home territory on New Island, putting them at risk of collisions with fishing nets and oil spills. This expansion highlights the need for conservation strategies to reduce conflicts between humans and organisms in the open ocean.
A recent NHLBI-sponsored study found that weight concerns and a drive for thinness significantly increased the risk of teenage girls becoming daily smokers. The study also identified other factors such as stress, poor conduct, and family background that contributed to this risk.
Researchers have developed a new technique that predicts Madden-Julian Oscillations (MJOs), which can provide two-weeks notice for storms. This allows scientists to issue storm warnings weeks earlier than current conventional weather forecasting, supporting sustainable development efforts.
Researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory found that high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Houston Ship Channel region contribute to excessive ozone production. The study's findings may lead to more effective regulations for protecting public health.
A new climate study reveals California's increased risk of warmer temperatures, smaller snowpacks, and altered water supplies due to rising carbon dioxide levels. The research offers precise regional specificity and statistical analysis, providing a more reliable basis for planning climate change mitigation strategies.
Scientists at PNNL and the Institute of Immunological Engineering have created unique humanized antibodies to gamma interferon, a protein that triggers autoimmune conditions. These fully humanized antibodies may provide long-term treatment for autoimmune diseases.
A study of 2,005 well-educated women found that one in 10 reported histories of domestic violence, resulting in significant increases in neurological and gynecological problems. The study highlights the need for healthcare professionals to screen for abuse regardless of socioeconomic status.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered that the Arp2/3 protein complex plays a critical role in regulating the first step of human blood clotting. The complex drives platelets to change shape, forming long arms that grab onto other cells and fibrin, ultimately leading to clot formation.
A new drug could provide a non-destructive way to treat blindness in diabetics, blocking the pathway that causes damage. The drug is currently being tested in clinical trials and has been funded by $4.7 million from the US-based JDRF and NHMRC.
Research suggests preeclampsia is associated with increased risk of preterm delivery and later-life hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Elevated sialic acid levels indicate inflammation and are linked to atherosclerosis, suggesting a potential preventive role for aspirin.
A new study of nearly 10,000 adolescents found that children's psychological well-being improves three years before and after a parents' marriage ends, but their test scores remain lower. The researchers suggest that cumulative academic performance contributes to the persistent decline in test scores.
Researchers found that cocaine elevates body temperature by impairing the body's ability to increase skin-blood flow, sweat, and perceive excessive heat stress. Cocaine abuse in hot temperatures increases the risk of serious heat-related injuries, including heat stroke and death.
Researchers have developed a photosensitive silicone intraocular lens that can be adjusted after surgery to eliminate refractive errors. The lens uses low-power light to make precise power adjustments, offering a potential alternative to LASIK surgery for severe myopia and farsightedness.
A study at the Great Lakes meeting revealed that organically-grown oranges contain 30% more vitamin C than conventionally-grown fruits, defying common assumptions. The reason for this difference is unclear but may be attributed to the use of nitrogen fertilizers in conventional farming practices.
Researchers at Advanced Cell Technology successfully transplanted cloned tissues into animals without rejection. The study's findings suggest that nuclear transplantation could provide a limitless supply of immune-compatible cells and organs for regenerative therapies, tackling one of the major challenges in transplantation medicine.
A national study found that only about a quarter of teachers used evidence-based programs, which emphasize social influences knowledge and refusal skills. The study suggests that teachers need resources and support to adopt and implement these effective programs.
Researchers used DNA microarrays to analyze 40% of the fruit fly genome and found that genetic changes are the result of many small contributors. The study's findings suggest that human genetic biases may also be caused by small changes in multiple genes.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital used therapeutic cloning to create functional tissue in cows, including heart, muscle, and kidney tissue. The cloned cells showed no rejection response, a promising development for treating diseases with stem cells.
The ACT EAB believes that this research represents an important milestone in demonstrating the feasibility of new therapies for tissue and organ repair. The board has established strict guidelines for human embryo research, including prohibiting culturing of human embryos in vitro for more than 14 days.
The WHO's annual report on global TB control reveals a persistent gap in detection rates, with expanded DOTs and cash injections needed to reach targets. Sex disparities also emerge as a significant issue, with women being infected at a higher rate than men, highlighting the need for tailored research and policies.
A diet rich in phyto-oestrogen-rich foods like soy and whole grains may protect against certain cancers. Jetlag's impact on hormone regulation could increase breast-cancer risk in flight attendants.