A study found that azithromycin improved forced expiratory volume in one second's exhalation (FEV1) by around 5% in some children with cystic fibrosis. The drug was well-tolerated and showed no significant difference in quality-of-life assessments compared to placebo.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine identified a protein fragment called gliadin as the cause of gluten intolerance. They also proposed using a dietary enzyme to break down the fragment into harmless bits, offering hope for future treatment.
Key findings from a study suggest that patients prioritize personal service, therapist listening skills, and clear explanations over facility amenities. Researchers surveyed over 1,868 participants and found that adequate time spent on individual patient care is vital for patient satisfaction.
Researchers found that black single mothers in rural Georgia with good self-esteem and optimism implemented effective parenting practices, leading to higher levels of self-regulation in their children. This resulted in better academic performance, social skills, and reduced delinquency.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne discovered a key player in the brain's response to low glucose levels, shedding light on how diabetes and hypoglycemia are regulated. By studying Neuropeptide Y, scientists hope to develop new treatments for these conditions.
Researchers have developed a new treatment for fibroids using a combination of lasers and MRI, which has shown promising results in reducing fibroid volume and improving symptoms. The treatment has the potential to be an alternative to traditional surgery for selected patients, particularly those wishing to preserve their fertility.
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial found that taking aspirin at bedtime significantly reduced the risk of preterm labor and preeclampsia in pregnant women with high blood pressure. The study also showed significant weight gains in babies born to mothers who took aspirin at night.
A UC Riverside study sheds light on the emergence of bilaterian animals, suggesting they did not appear until 555 million years ago. The research analyzed trace fossils from the Proterozoic-Cambrian transition, providing evidence for the gradual increase in diversity and complexity of these ancient structures.
Researchers have identified a protein fragment in cereal grains that causes celiac sprue, an autoimmune disorder requiring strict gluten-free diets. A bacterial enzyme that breaks down this peptide may also offer relief to those with the condition, according to a study published in Science.
A large study found that non-dippers have higher levels of fibrinogen, a clotting factor, which could account for increased risk. Fibrinogen levels vary over the year, peaking in winter months, and a 75 mg/dL increase translates to an 85% increased risk for coronary events.
Researchers at Stanford University Hospital have discovered a bacterial enzyme that can rapidly degrade toxic fragments of gluten, potentially providing an alternative to a strict gluten-free diet. This breakthrough has the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Celiac disease patients worldwide.
Dr. Michael Sporn, a renowned cancer researcher, has made significant contributions to cancer prevention through his work on chemoprevention and the development of new strategies to reduce cancer incidence and death. He is recognized for his pioneering studies on the role of Vitamin A and retinoids in cancer prevention.
Researchers used a climate change model on Earth to analyze Mars' polar regions, finding a correlation between the layers of ice and dust and changes in climate. The study suggests that Mars' climate changes can be explained by orbital theory, similar to Earth.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that patients taking losartan had a significantly lower combined rate of cardiovascular death, stroke, and heart attack compared to those taking atenolol. The results showed a 40% reduction in stroke risk and a lower overall mortality rate.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded UCSD a total of $22 million over five years to support research in information technology. The OptIPuter project, funded at $13.5 million, aims to develop a powerful distributed cyberinfrastructure for data-intensive scientific research and collaboration.
A new study demonstrates that learning and speech therapy can alter the way compensatory pathways in the brain work after a stroke. The research supports the hypothesis that brain pathways in the right hemisphere are directly involved in the recovery of language skills.
Researchers discovered a gene, Hsp27, that protects mature nerve cells from death following injury. Delivering this gene via therapy may lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and nerve injuries.
A University of Toronto professor has identified a key protein in the fight against plant disease, which could lead to genetically engineered crops resistant to various diseases. The discovery was made using a mutant strain of weed that lacks this protein, revealing its role in triggering systemic acquired resistance.
The Department of Education at Washington University in St. Louis has received a $10 million NSF grant to establish the Center for Integrating Science, Technology, and Learning (CISTL). CISTL will focus on supporting inquiry-based teaching and learning in K-12 science education through professional development and research projects.
Researchers studied brain activity in patients with epileptic seizures to understand how synchronized gamma waves contribute to conscious perception. The studies found that synchronized fast neural activity in the sensory area is necessary for perceiving simple stimuli.
Researchers have discovered a new viral structure that suggests a continuum in the evolution of viruses, revealing similarities between PRD1 and human adenoviruses. The findings provide insights into the evolutionary path taken by families of viruses and may lead to the development of new therapies for certain infections.
The Center for Theoretical Biological Physics at UCSD combines theoreticians and experimentalists to advance research in understanding complex biological systems. The interdisciplinary approach will provide insights into fundamental laws governing biological systems, enabling predictions and breakthroughs in biology and physics.
A recent study by Rensselaer researchers found that exposure to blue LED lighting can delay the decline of body temperatures in Alzheimer's patients, leading to better sleep. The study also showed increased activity during daylight hours for two patients who wore wrist activity monitors.
The NIH's Fogarty International Center has launched a global tobacco research effort to address prevention and intervention at home and globally. The program aims to reduce the burden of tobacco consumption in low- and middle-income nations through observational, interventional, and policy research.
Researchers have found that deacetylase inhibitors enhance muscle gene expression and formation in human and mouse myoblasts. This discovery may lead to methods to induce muscle growth, regeneration, and repair in adults with muscular dystrophy.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers found that the activation of p38 increases TRPV1 protein in skin, leading to pain hypersensitivity. The findings may open up new options for pain management through the use of inhibitors to block this process.
The Mayo Clinic National Conference on Medicine and the Media brought together over 400 participants to discuss ways to effectively serve the public. Key findings include the need for accurate, clear reporting and transparency in financial interests.
Researchers discovered a mutation in the caspase-8 gene in two siblings with an immune disorder, which led to impaired lymphocyte activation and severe immunodeficiency. The study found that functional caspase-8 restored immune cell function, suggesting its potential as a target for new therapies.
Researchers found that less than two feet of water can noticeably reduce landfall decay in hurricanes. However, surface roughness significantly reduces wind speed and evaporation, which fuels a hurricane's intensity.
A study published in Nature has identified a gene that protects certain brain and retinal neurons from oxidative stress, leading to neurodegeneration. The research, led by Dr. Susan Ackerman, found that mice with a mutation in the Aif gene experience severe oxidative stress, causing neuronal death.
NASA awards consortium of research institutions $30 million to create self-healing materials inspired by nature. The Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials will investigate repair mechanisms used by plants, animals and other organisms.
The OptIPuter project aims to create a parallel computer that uses optical networks to connect distributed clusters and large data repositories. This will enable scientists to analyze and visualize massive amounts of data in near real-time.
Researchers argue that the No Child Left Behind Act's goal of 100% proficient students is unrealistic and may not lead to meaningful improvement. They suggest using National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) scores as a benchmark to level the playing field across states.
A study of 15 research studies found that high psychological distress was associated with an 8% increased risk of developing hypertension. The researchers suggest that the relationship between psychological factors and hypertension development is a significant concern for clinical health experts.
Ethiopian wolf populations are threatened by rabies, which spreads rapidly among packs. Vaccinating surrounding dogs is a costly and difficult option, but researchers found vaccinating wolves themselves could increase survival rates. Developing an oral rabies vaccine for wolves may be a more effective solution.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine suggests that snuff use may be a gateway to cigarette smoking. Men who had quit using snuff were more likely to have switched to cigarettes than those who had never used snuff, indicating that snuff might impede smokers' efforts to quit.
Dr. Rory Cooper's groundbreaking work on wheelchair design and technology has improved the lives of veterans with service-connected disabilities. His contributions include streamlined wheelchairs, accessibility guidelines, and electric-powered wheelchair expansion.
A recent study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that men are more susceptible to negative health effects from stressful life events. The study, conducted among 2,991 full-time municipal employees, discovered a strong link between major life events and increased psychological problems and impaired health.
Research explores vision loss and its impact on driving skills, finding correlations between mental tracking ability and driving measures. Glaucoma patients with normal visual acuity but reduced contrast sensitivity may also struggle with driving skills.
A recent study found that sea snakes exhibit strong homing instincts, returning to their native islands within a month after translocation. This suggests that populations may be more vulnerable to local threats and extinctions than previously thought.
Research found that adolescent blood pressure increases differ by ethnicity and sex. Black participants showed greater blood pressure responses to stress compared to white subjects. Males also exhibited higher blood pressure levels during relaxation, similar to findings in adults.
Researchers found that recalling stressful events can lead to delayed blood pressure recovery and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Chronic stress is also associated with an elevated risk of later heart disease, likely due to prolonged strain on the cardiovascular system.
A new study by UC Davis professor Thomas Cahill found that indoor spaces near Ground Zero can be effectively cleaned of very fine particles and toxins, providing reassurance for residents. However, the study also identified diesel pollution from vehicles in the area as a continuing health threat.
A study by Rothermel and Semlitsch found that juvenile amphibians preferentially use corridors of natural vegetation to move through fragmented forests. The researchers also discovered that these animals lose more water in open fields, making forest habitats a safer choice for survival.
Scientists at Ohio State University have developed a new material that can store and transfer data through the spin of electrons, enabling faster processing speeds and lower power consumption. This breakthrough could lead to instant-on computers, reduced weight, and lower manufacturing costs.
A study of Gulf War veterans found no significant difference in health indicators between those exposed to low levels of chemical warfare agents and those not exposed. Veterans deployed to the region were more likely to experience psychological and physical ailments, but these effects were not unique to those with exposure.
Incorporating mate choice into breeding programs can increase the survival of young whitefish and other species by selecting for genetically superior males. However, this approach may also reduce genetic variation, requiring a balance between the two goals.
The study found that pregnant black women were less likely to quit smoking, while those with social support were more likely to quit drinking. Health professionals can help provide social support for these women.
Research found that vital exhaustion, a state of excessive fatigue and hopelessness, is associated with higher blood levels of fibrinogen, which can lead to excessive blood clotting. Decreased early morning fibrinolysis was also linked to vital exhaustion, increasing heart attack risk.
A study of over 100 patients hospitalized for a heart attack found that repressive coping style can promote adjustment to traumatic stress in the short and long term. The repressive participants had lower rates of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder compared to highly anxious participants.
Researchers found that pet owners had lower stress responses and fewer errors when completing mental arithmetic challenges with their pets present. In contrast, participants without pets showed higher stress levels and made more mistakes when alone or with friends/spouses.
A study published in Family Psychology found that children who perceive fair parental treatment are less prone to depression, anxiety, and lower self-worth. Parents should consider their children's views on preferential treatment to promote better outcomes.
A recent study found that only a quarter of patients receive nutrition counseling during doctor visits, falling short of national nutritional objectives. Physicians can be trained to offer tailored nutrition messages, but more in-depth counseling is needed for optimal patient outcomes.
A new study suggests that web therapy can effectively reduce tinnitus-related symptoms in patients, particularly those experiencing mild to moderate distress. The treatment involves cognitive behavioral exercises, relaxation, breathing, and sleep management training via the Internet.
A recent study published in Psychosomatic Medicine reveals that heart transplant patients with depression are at a higher risk of mortality compared to those without depression. The study found significant correlations between depression and poor post-operative survival in ischemic disease patients.
A recent study by UC Irvine researchers suggests that dwelling on emotionally charged events, such as arguments, can lead to higher blood pressure and increased risk of later health problems. The study found that ruminating over past stresses can cause longer recovery times in the body than non-emotional yet stressful events like running.
The GISS 'SI2000' climate model demonstrates that global temperature change is mainly a response to human-made forcings, such as carbon dioxide and methane. The study projects possible futures under two contrasting scenarios, with minimal warming if air pollution decreases and CO2 emissions are stabilized.
Researchers found a common mutation in the DAT gene to be associated with trauma survivors who developed chronic PTSD, suggesting a genetic contribution to the disorder's development. The study implies that genetically determined variation in dopaminergic neurotransmission may play a role in shaping the pathological response to trauma.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a DNA separation method using entropic force, which offers better resolution than traditional methods. The new technique uses a nanofabricated device to separate DNA strands of different lengths, with the potential to improve genetic analysis and gene expression studies.
A recent clinical trial testing celecoxib in pregnant women found that it appears to be a safer alternative for preventing preterm delivery, with fewer side effects compared to indomethacin. The study also suggests that celecoxib is just as effective in delaying delivery and may offer a new option for women at risk of preterm labor.