A University of Chicago study found that lonely individuals have significantly higher blood pressures than non-lonely people, even after accounting for other factors. The researchers discovered a strong link between loneliness and increased blood pressure in aging adults, with the greatest differences observed among older participants.
A study by Ohio State University found that while sucralose was rated as the most acceptable alternative to sugar, many other sugar substitutes were deemed unpalatable due to sour and bitter tastes. Xylitol, a sweetener used in chewing gum, was also highly rated.
The second edition of 'Medicine in Quotations' features over 450 new quotations on various topics, fully referenced to their original sources. The book offers a unique perspective on the evolution of medical concepts and practices.
A new EU project aims to explore the impact of prenatal exposure to food and chemicals on adult diseases. The NewGeneris study will analyze DNA and proteins in women and their newborn children from across Europe to identify potential biomarkers for increased risk of cancer or immune disorders.
Mental retardation diagnosis is crucial for early intervention and management, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach to determine the level and kinds of supports needed. Effective care also involves promoting independence and providing ongoing health surveillance to address comorbid conditions.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified a new class of potent SARS virus protease inhibitors, offering hope for developing a possible drug treatment against the disease. These benzotriazole esters block the enzyme and are stable enough to be used in clinical trials.
A study found that experienced physicians can effectively auscultate the third heart sound (S3), a crucial indicator of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The presence of S3 was associated with decreased ventricular compliance and may indicate early signs of heart failure.
Researchers found that when men were angered and anticipated retaliation, they chose to read negative online news stories. Women, on the other hand, selected more positive news to dissipate their anger before a confrontation. This shows that people use news to regulate their moods, reflecting societal norms around gender roles.
The Vilama Caldera's 8.4 million-year-old mega eruption is considered one of the world's largest known eruptions, emitting approximately 2000 cubic kilometers of pyroclastic material. The size and volume of the associated caldera put it among the world's largest known eruptions, differing from Yellowstone's three cataclysmic events.
The Republic of Kiribati establishes the Phoenix Islands Protected Area, a 184,700 sq km marine reserve with abundant marine and bird life. The move aims to protect coral reefs, fish populations, and other species from overfishing and climate change.
Scientists will study the direction and velocity of flows in the corona, a phenomenon visible only during total eclipses. The event also marks NASA's annual Sun-Earth Day program, highlighting the interactions between the sun and our planet.
Virginia Tech and two other universities partner to analyze codes, practices, and policies of 31 counties within the James River Basin. The project aims to encourage environmentally friendly development practices, promoting a cleaner and healthier river ecosystem.
A study found that ultrasound identified all cancers, while mammography detected 90% of tumors in pregnant women. Imaging helped diagnose and treat cancer in pregnancy without harm to the fetus.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center are studying the interaction between genes and environment in promoting cancer. Environmental scientists have identified new culprits in the cancer equation, including chemicals that can damage or mutate genes, and epigenetic alterations that occur without changing a gene's fundamental code.
A research team led by Bibiana Bielekova found that daclizumab increases the number of regulatory natural killer cells, which correlates with better treatment outcomes for MS patients. The study suggests that daclizumab may not damage the immune system but rather shifts its reaction from T-cells to natural killer cells.
Scientists have developed a method to track and quantify the absorption of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into living cells. Research found that 74% of nanotubes were assimilated by cancer cells after 15 minutes, with nearly irreversible uptake.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a method to synthesize high-quality cerium oxide nanotubes, which release oxygen ions when immersed in low-oxygen environments. This process is critical for the nanotubes' effectiveness as catalysts.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers suggests that publicizing the names and locations of grocery stores where recalled meat has been sold could increase recovery rates. The Food Safety and Inspection Service is proposing a new rule to require this information.
A small study found that frequent tanners experience withdrawal symptoms when the 'feel-good' chemicals induced by ultraviolet light are blocked. The researchers tested whether exposure to UV light produces endorphins, brain chemicals linked to pain relief and euphoric feelings.
Researchers found that anger evokes casual judgments more frequently than sadness, leading to a desire for actions against offenders. In contrast, sadness may prompt actions targeting victims, such as healing and support.
Researchers have developed a new method called colorimetric screening to detect molecules that can facilitate the formation of a special form of DNA called a triple helix. This method uses gold nanoparticles and DNA to distinguish between strong, medium and weak binders to DNA.
A study found rodeo athletes recover from whiplash injuries faster and report fewer symptoms compared to spectators, suggesting a different attitude toward injury. The team plans to investigate why rodeo athletes can continue working despite being trampled by bulls.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that a vapor layer forms between hot particles and cold droplets, allowing them to bounce off each other without touching. This discovery can lead to more efficient heat transfer in industries such as oil refining, boosting efficiency and reducing costs.
A study by Duke University researchers found that prenatal exposure to genistein, an active ingredient in soy, reduced obesity in Agouti mice offspring. The findings suggest a link between early life nutrition and long-term health outcomes, and may have implications for human health.
A new study at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory reveals a four-step process to produce oxygen in frigid environments, challenging previous models. Oxygen isotopes measured during experiments showed that intermediate species of hydrogen-oxygen permeate the ice film.
A new method using ultrasound and genetically modified algae can remove up to 60% of mercury from contaminated water, according to Ohio State University researchers. The technique uses ultrasonic waves to release mercury from sediments, which is then absorbed by the algae, leaving the sediment clean.
A new study found that weight training significantly improved the quality of life for breast cancer survivors, reducing symptoms such as depression and anxiety. The exercise program also increased lean body mass and upper body strength.
The guidelines aim to help physicians decide when to stop taking medications in older adults. They consider factors such as life expectancy, the time until benefits are realized, goals of care, and treatment targets.
Karl Lewis, a renowned Pitt engineering professor, will receive the Lifetime Achievement Award at the NSBE Pittsburgh convention. He is recognized for his extensive contributions to engineering and science, including education programs that have educated hundreds of successful Black engineers.
Researchers have developed a coal-based jet fuel, provisionally designated JP900, which produces almost the same Btu as conventional fuels. The fuel has improved flash point, lower viscosity, and higher smoke point, making it suitable for existing engines and interest both commercial and military users.
A study by U-M researchers found that patients with delayed surgery (more than 93 days) had worse survival rates and lower three-year survival rates compared to those with timely surgery. Scheduling issues were the most common cause of delay, which can lead to micrometastases and poor outcomes.
A new mouse model has been developed to induce melanoma with a defined cancer antigen, closely mimicking human tumors. This model allows for detailed immunological analyses before and after vaccination, which may lead to a better understanding of spontaneous melanoma regressions and the optimization of cancer vaccine timing.
A growing body of research suggests that lead exposure in childhood accelerates bone growth, but ultimately prevents optimal peak bone mass, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Clinical study aims to better understand the role of lead in bone development and loss.
Dr. Bernard Fisher's pioneering research on tumor metastasis and clinical trials has transformed the management of breast cancer. His systematic studies revealed that a combination of lumpectomy and radiation therapy is equally effective as total mastectomy, changing the way physicians approach patient care.
Researchers have developed a new family of biodegradable polymers, called polyketals, that can deliver drugs to cells more efficiently and with reduced inflammation. These polymers degrade into FDA-approved compounds and generate membrane-permeable products that allow byproducts to diffuse outside the cell.
Research by Alexander Chernev found that consumers tend to opt for larger assortments when choosing where to shop, but this preference reverses when the focus is on minimizing decision complexity. Ultimately, offering too many options can lead to a decrease in overall probability of purchase.
Research shows brain activity persists and evolves with time after learning new information, integrating recent memories through dynamic processing. The findings challenge the idea that sleep is essential for strengthening memories.
A study by WHO found that haemorrhage was the leading cause of maternal death in Africa and Asia, while high blood pressure was responsible for most maternal deaths in Latin America and the Caribbean. The review highlights the need for increased emphasis on programs to prevent and treat postpartum haemorrhage.
A massive earthquake off the coast of Sumatra challenged long-held assumptions about quakes and subduction zones. The Great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake surpassed a magnitude 9 threshold, which contradicts theory that such large quakes occur at subduction zones with young, fast-moving crust.
A UC Berkeley study found that children born with high levels of in utero arsenic exposure have a significantly higher risk of developing lung diseases such as bronchiectasis and lung cancer. The study, which analyzed death certificates from Chilean cities, revealed a 46 times higher death rate from bronchiectasis and seven times highe...
Research reveals that men's concerns about controlling their cancer drive treatment choices, despite limited reliance on scientific evidence. The study highlights the need for improved patient education and informed decision-making support.
Researchers report three cases of advanced cancers with long survival times after high-dose intravenous vitamin C therapy. The study suggests that high-dose intravenous vitamin C should be reassessed as a potential cancer treatment option.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers identified 8 genes with significant under-expression and 3 with over-expression, strongly implicating them in prostate cancer development and progression. The findings suggest that these genes may serve as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting prostate cancer, potentially improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that wasps use biting to recruit new foragers, particularly those who haven't left the nest before. The study reveals a crucial role of biting in communication and task performance within colonies.
A JAP study reveals that headdown bedrest accurately models the physiological responses of astronauts to spaceflight, with similar declines in cardiorespiratory responses to exercise. This finding has important implications for helping space travelers and aiding earthbound elderly individuals.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is launching a new magazine, CR, to address the public's need for understandable information about cancer research and policy. The magazine aims to put a human face on cancer research by sharing stories of survivors and their experiences.
A six-month walking exercise program may help alleviate cognitive impairment in cancer survivors. Researchers aim to identify new tactics to improve quality of life for those affected by chemotherapy-induced memory problems.
The American Physiological Society has awarded $90,000 in travel fellowships to 52 minority students and faculty from underrepresented groups. The program aims to encourage more minorities to become scientists and remain in the field.
Patients who received a disclosure were more likely to correctly identify their physician's payment model and report enough knowledge to judge its influence on health care. Loyalty to the physician group was higher among those receiving a disclosure, with no significant decrease in trust.
The BGEM Web site provides a growing collection of tens of thousands of images showing where and when specific genes are expressed during brain development. This information is linked to up-to-date data on genes, including their function, location, and DNA sequence.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute demonstrate that RNA enzymes can be evolved into DNA enzymes with the same catalytic function, challenging existing understanding of life's origins. The study offers fresh insights into the evolutionary conversion process and its potential implications for our understanding of life.
Researchers found that more growth hormone is produced in females than males and in adults, with the hormone responding to estrogen. The study has implications for menopausal women using estrogen replacement therapy and athletes taking growth hormone and anabolic steroids.
Current smokers and drinkers are diagnosed with colorectal cancer an average of 7.8 years younger than non-users, according to a new study. Flexible sigmoidoscopy may not detect proximal cancers as effectively as colonoscopy.
Researchers are developing new artificial sweeteners and non-calorie sweetness enhancers to reduce health risks associated with high sugar consumption. The ACS symposium highlights potential breakthroughs in treating taste disorders, identifying supertasters at risk of colon cancer, and creating safe natural sweeteners.
Seagrass beds are diminishing globally, with human activity identified as the primary cause. The root system of these flowering plants stabilizes sediments and provides habitats for numerous marine species.
Researchers have created a growth-factor-rich gel that regenerates the knee ligament, with a 40% increase in strength. The treatment uses platelet-rich blood plasma and collagen hydrogel to bridge the gap between torn ligament ends.
Researchers developed a predictive tool to analyze nanotube breaks based on four key variables, including load level, temperature, and chirality. The model creates a strength map plotting the likelihood of breakage and its underlying mechanisms.
Scientists use ECVT to visualize the density of materials inside reactors, enabling real-time management. This technology can help develop more efficient processes for converting coal to liquid fuels and chemicals.
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be grown using a simple mix called hESC cocktail, or HESCO, containing purified human factors. The recipe maintains normal cell chromosome profiles and supports differentiation into all three basic cell lineages.
AACR Public Service Awards recognize Sherry Lansing and Janet Woodcock's dedication to advancing cancer research. Lansing, former Paramount CEO, has raised millions for cancer research through her non-profit advocacy group Stop Cancer, while Woodcock, FDA deputy commissioner, streamlines cancer medicine oversight.