The proposal aims to reduce adult smoking rates globally, with countries aiming for below 20% prevalence. Implementing comprehensive tobacco control programs has shown success in countries like Australia and New York.
A study of nearly 2,000 7-year-old twin pairs suggests a strong genetic connection between hyperactivity and poor academic performance. The researchers found that common genetic factors influence both behaviors, possibly due to genes affecting attention span and classroom learning.
A new study uses satellite imagery to detect location of seismic unrest at Mauna Loa, bringing closer understanding of where an eruption may occur. Researchers can now more precisely forecast locations of volcanic activity, providing critical information for populated areas.
A UVM study found ski resort development increases water volume, chloride, and sediment levels in watersheds. Researchers analyzed data from two side-by-side watersheds on Mount Mansfield, showing greater hydrologic effects from resort development than traditional resource extraction.
Research by University of Virginia psychologist James Coan explores how social contact regulates emotional responses to life's stressors. This study provides insights into the benefits of social connection for overall health and well-being.
Researchers analyzed data on blood donations and recipients in Sweden and Denmark over 34 years, finding no link between cancer risk and blood from precancerous donors. The study provides valuable insights into the safety of blood transfusions and highlights the need for further research on chronic diseases.
UC patients report a heavy psychological toll, with 82% experiencing increased stress and 62% feeling depressed. Nearly four out of five patients worry about long-term health effects, such as colon cancer or surgery. Non-compliance with medication is also a challenge, affecting up to half of patients.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a quantum dot infrared photodetector that operates at room temperature with improved performance. The device enables thermal imaging at higher temperatures than previous records, opening up new possibilities for applications in medical and biological imaging, environmental monitorin...
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered that environmental changes can trigger dormant capacities in cells, allowing them to suddenly change their behavior. This phenomenon is made possible by the dynamic nature of nucleosomes and their ability to carry chemical modifications that control DNA expression.
A study by Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) uses wireless technology to transmit ECGs from paramedics' smartphones to cardiologists, allowing for faster treatment of heart attacks. The system has cut the door-to-balloon time in half, improving patient care.
Researchers created a dynamic model to understand cellular signaling pathways in C. elegans, revealing gaps in current understanding and potential for future exploration of biological systems. The model can predict how cells respond to gene mutations and signals, saving laboratory time and resources.
Research suggests that TRPM8 is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. The study also found that endoplasmic reticulum TRPM8 retains functional activity regardless of cell differentiation status, which may contribute to cancer cell growth.
Researchers at UCLA have achieved a record-breaking 18 lumens per watt for red phosphorescent LEDs using a new combination of polymer-infused liquid, resulting in brighter, clearer pictures and slimmer profiles. The development aims to make future LED TVs cheaper while maintaining high image quality.
Researchers found that TRPM8 is expressed in mature, differentiated human prostate primary epithelial luminal cells, but also in prostate cancer cells. The study suggests that inhibiting ER-TRPM8 or PM-TRPM8 may be a potential therapeutic approach for treating prostate cancer. Additionally, the authors propose that blocking aggrecanase...
A randomized double-blind trial of airway bypass treatment is underway to explore a minimally-invasive procedure for millions of emphysema sufferers. The study focuses on reinforcing new pathways in the lung with drug-eluting stents to relieve severe emphysema symptoms.
A WHO-commissioned report highlights climate change's influence on health status, post-disaster responses in Indonesia, and improvements needed in housing programs. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health through community engagement and equitable urban development.
A study found that teaching parents mediation skills significantly improves their children's conflict-resolution skills. Parents who received training in mediation helped their kids resolve conflicts more positively, behaving more constructively and involving themselves more in the resolution process.
A study by University of Virginia researchers found that mice lacking the Nocturnin gene were resistant to weight gain on a high-fat diet and had normal liver fat levels. This discovery may lead to new treatments for inhibiting obesity and its effects on health.
A longitudinal study found that young people's gender attitudes develop in response to various factors, such as family composition, parental values, and sibling relationships. Most youth become less traditional over time, but certain groups, like first-born boys with brothers and traditional parents, exhibit more conservative attitudes.
Researchers at the University of Rochester developed custom-designed soft contact lenses to correct visual acuity in individuals with keratoconic eyes. The lenses feature irregular front surface profiles that address specific aberrations of the cornea and crystalline lens, resulting in improved vision for subjects.
Two UI studies show that the NSAID celecoxib has potent anticancer activity, killing head and neck cancer cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. This finding suggests that combining celecoxib with chemotherapies may provide better tumor control than radiation alone.
Researchers found no association between lycopene and prostate cancer prevention, contrary to previous studies. A diet rich in beta-carotene, another antioxidant, was linked to an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
Astronomers have used adaptive optics technology to pinpoint two supermassive black holes in a colliding galaxy. The observations reveal the black holes reside at the center of rotating disks of stars and are surrounded by young star clusters.
Researchers have discovered that oceanic storms, known as eddies, pump nutrients up from the deep ocean to fuel massive blooms of microscopic plant life. These nutrient-rich waters support a vibrant ecosystem, attracting zooplankton and other animals higher up the food chain.
A recent study suggests that President Abraham Lincoln was suffering from a life-threatening form of smallpox when he delivered his Gettysburg Address. Researchers compared clinical features of Lincoln's illness to those of smallpox and found a close match, suggesting he had contracted variola major, the more severe form of the disease.
Researchers reconstruct tree-ring record of upper Colorado streamflows back seven centuries, revealing 25-year drought period with 15% below normal flow. The megadrought spanned 1118-1179, with 13 consecutive years of below-normal flows, and is comparable to the region's last 100 years of below-average flows.
Researchers analyzed 30 years of data to understand how initial processes shaped the virus's geographic spread, revealing key factors like mountain ranges and rivers affecting its expansion. The study provides insights into the epidemiology of rabies and other emerging zoonotic diseases.
UC scientists developed a model to combine current clot-busting medication with below-normal body temperatures to improve ischemic stroke patient treatment. The study found that tPA, an enzyme used in standard stroke treatment, is less effective at lower temperatures, but a higher dosage may be needed.
Researchers discovered the location and makeup of a pair of supermassive black holes in a galaxy collision, using adaptive optics to clear atmospheric distortion. The discovery sheds light on the coevolution of black holes and galaxies, with implications for understanding galaxy evolution and properties.
Scientists discovered a genetic link between glycolysis and DNA replication in Bacillus subtilis, indicating that metabolic signals influence DNA synthesis and stability. This finding suggests a global regulatory function of central carbon metabolism in adjusting cellular functions to nutritional conditions.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield found that parks with high biodiversity levels have a greater impact on people's general well-being. The study suggests that successful urban green space management should prioritize biological complexity to enhance human wellbeing beyond just conservation.
A new animal study investigates three methods of treatment for severe internal injuries, with HBOC-201 resuscitation showing improved survival rates. The study's findings suggest targeting a Mean Arterial Pressure of 80 mmHg is more favorable than a target MAP of 100 mmHg.
A meta-analysis of over 32,000 women and their babies found that taking aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs during pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia by 10%. The treatment also has no significant effect on fetal or baby health outcomes.
Researchers identified DNA hypermethylation in E-cadherin, p16, and RAR-B2 genes as common in breast tumors. The study found that these alterations were more frequent in ER-negative and PR-negative tumors, but not associated with other clinicopathological features.
A new study shows Pycnogenol supplementation can prevent damage to the heart caused by high blood pressure and hypertension. The natural pine bark extract enhanced collagen connective tissues in cardiac tissue, resulting in stronger cardiac chambers.
Research from Arizona State University highlights how global warming will drastically alter the world's fisheries, threatening human nutrition and species health. The study finds that changes in ocean temperatures and atmospheric conditions will affect fish stocks and habitats, leading to potential extinction of certain species.
The Three Gorges Dam in China is shrinking the Yangtze delta due to sediment retention. Meanwhile, a new model suggests that massive methane releases from Arctic permafrost are unlikely in this century. Satellite data also reveals complex flood wave patterns in the Amazon River, which can improve hazard identification. Additionally, hi...
Researchers discovered that hexavalent chromium causes cancer in laboratory animals when consumed in drinking water, leading to malignant tumors. The study found significant increases in tumors at high doses, highlighting the chemical's potential health risks.
A study of physician voter turnout found that only lawyers and farmers were more likely to vote than physicians, who reported similar rates to secretaries, waiters, drivers, laborers, nurses, and engineers
Researchers at the University at Buffalo are investigating endocannabinoid, the 'brain's own marijuana,' to regulate stress and anxiety. The study aims to develop a new pharmacotherapy strategy for stress-related mood disorders.
A university-based ED implemented opt-out HIV screening, with 60% of patients agreeing to testing. The study resulted in a low cost per preliminary positive ($1,700) and confirmed cases of HIV infection ($4,900).
Researchers have successfully applied a new method to determine the masses of black holes in binary systems, including Cygnus X-1 and NGC 5408. The technique takes advantage of X-ray observations of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and their relationship with the accretion disk.
Researchers found that high-altitude ice fields, like Mont Blanc and Dôme du Goûter, have remained stable in mass balance over the last 100 years. The accumulation of snow and ice has varied little since the beginning of the 20th century, indicating a lack of significant melting due to climate change.
MicroRNAs regulate cell division and development by blocking protein synthesis at its earliest stage, translation. Researchers developed a new method to study microRNA action in a test tube, revealing that they bind to messenger RNAs and prevent their translation into proteins.
Researchers have developed unique images of physical changes in brain cells associated with memory, uncovering clues about memory loss linked to cognitive disorders. The study also reveals that LTP deficiencies accompany the memory loss seen during the early stages of Huntington's disease and can be fully reversed through treatment.
Larémont will examine the role of Islamic law in providing legitimacy for governments in northern Nigeria. He plans to spend several months in Nigeria researching his next book project.
Researchers found that early treatment with ACE inhibitors can preserve kidney function and reduce the risk of irreversible damage in young patients with early-stage IgA nephropathy. The study suggests that starting treatment early may limit the need for renal replacement therapy.
Researchers analyzed ED usage using the 'Emergency Department Algorithm' (EDA) tool, finding that only 6.8% of Medicaid dollars were spent on ED-provided care, contrary to estimates. The study suggests that legislative efforts to reduce ED spending for Medicaid patients would have a minimal impact on overall expenditures.
Researchers surveyed healthcare workers about their willingness to report to work during disasters. Workers were more likely to come to work when they felt their role was important, safe traveling to work, and supported by family. However, fear and uncertainty can lead to a decrease in staff availability, complicating disaster response.
The International Menopause Society has updated its recommendations on hormone therapy for postmenopausal women, highlighting the importance of individualized treatment and a balanced approach. The new guidelines take into account the latest scientific evidence and aim to provide a global framework for menopause management.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was prevalent among those affected by Hurricane Katrina, with a diagnosis rate of over 38% in New Orleans. The prevalence is significantly higher than the general US population, suggesting a need for long-term, coordinated mental health response as part of disaster relief efforts.
The Ottawa Aggressive Protocol, involving IV procainamide and electrical cardioversion, is effective in treating AAF and AAFL with a high discharge rate of over 90%. This approach stands in contrast to traditional US practice, which often involves hospital admission followed by cardiologist treatment.
A double-blind randomized clinical trial found albuterol to have a clear advantage over epinephrine in successful discharges from the Emergency Department. The study involved over 700 infants and showed a surprising result of a small but real advantage in using albuterol.
Researchers found that tidal forces caused by Saturn's gravity can control the timing of eruptions from cracks in Enceladus' southern hemisphere. The study suggests that these cracks, known as Tiger Stripes, are warmer than their surroundings and may be the source of eruptions.
Researchers found that mice with chronic herpes virus infections can resist certain bacterial infections, suggesting potential benefits from latent viral infections. The study suggests that human immune systems have evolved to benefit from these chronic infections, which could impact vaccine development and disease research.
A recent study published in Nature reveals the discovery of over 700 new species in the Antarctic deep sea, including carnivorous sponges and crustaceans. The research suggests that the glacial cycle led to an intermingling of species from shallow and deep water habitats, redefining our understanding of ocean evolution.
Scientists have discovered a novel gene-silencing mechanism that blocks cellular machinery responsible for protein production. This mechanism, involving microRNAs and ribosome interference, has implications for anti-cancer interventions and may be conserved across species.
Researchers found that cells cultured in three dimensions exhibit distinct gene expression patterns, growing faster and exhibiting more realistic shapes. The findings suggest that 3-D cell culture methods may be a better representation of the human body's complex cellular environments.
Researchers developed a method to penetrate plant cell walls using nanotechnology, enabling simultaneous delivery of DNA and chemicals. This breakthrough enables precise control over gene expression in plants, opening up new possibilities for agricultural biotechnology.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found that adult mice can regenerate hair follicles by re-awakening dormant embryonic genes. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for hair loss, scarring alopecia, and other skin disorders.