A recent study found that state Medicaid statistics significantly underreported prenatal syphilis screening rates, with only half of eligible women having evidence recorded. The study suggests that analyses relying solely on Medicaid data may not provide an accurate picture of screening rates nationwide.
Research identifies CKAP4-similar protein Ca-Hb3 as a tumor-associated antigen in colorectal cancer. The protein has been shown to have high homogeneity with Np63 alpha, a potential oncogene.
Scientists at UCLA have successfully differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) into three types of cardiovascular cells, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. This discovery could potentially lead to new therapies for heart attacks, atherosclerosis, and other cardiovascular disea...
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that pediatric patients are affected by complicated idiopathic gallstone disease at a higher rate than previously thought. In the study, 58% of patients presented with complicated disease, with adolescent girls being particularly affected.
A new study has identified a potential tumor suppressor gene related to Chinese colorectal cancer patients, located on the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q31.1-32.1). The researchers found a minimal region of frequent deletion in this area, which they believe may be responsible for the development of colorectal cancer in Chinese patients.
Researchers measured breast cancer patients' upper limb volume before and after surgery to establish a baseline and monitor for lymphedema. The study found that early detection using compression garments effectively treated subclinical lymphedema.
Yale scientists found that both male and female flies have similar brains and that specific signals can trigger 'male' behavior in females. The study suggests a largely unisex brain, with subtle anatomical differences making the difference between male and female behavior.
Researchers found that daily aspirin use was associated with a small reduction in the risk of ER+ breast cancer, but not total breast cancer risk. Aspirin's irreversible effects on cyclooxygenase enzymes may disrupt breast cancer development by reducing estrogen production.
Researchers found that older adults with dementia and incontinence taking both medications experienced a 50% faster decline in function, from requiring limited assistance to complete dependence. The study highlights the potential risks of combining anticholinergic agents for incontinence and cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia.
A research team from Arizona State University and the University of Oxford has synthesized a molecule that is sensitive to both the magnitude and direction of magnetic fields as weak as the Earth's. This discovery provides evidence for chemical magnetoreception, a mechanism that birds may use to navigate.
A new study reveals that highly educated women weigh less than less educated women in wealthier countries due to rapidly growing obesity rates. In contrast, better-educated women in poorer countries tend to weigh more, as they exit under-nutrition and adjust their diet.
Research suggests that areas with more street trees have lower rates of childhood asthma among 4-5 year olds and hospital admissions for older children. Tree density was found to be associated with reduced asthma prevalence, even after controlling for pollution and socioeconomic factors.
Researchers found that cholesterol depletion increased CEA sorting to the basolateral surface in polarized Caco-2 cells. This suggests a potential new treatment approach for inflammatory bowel disease by modifying lipid raft-dependent mechanisms.
Researchers discovered a link between microRNA levels and the risk of relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The study found that abnormal microRNA patterns were associated with an increased risk of recurrence, providing new insights into possible causes of the disease.
The DIAMOND consortium aims to address the £70 billion cost of decommissioning UK nuclear sites through research and innovation. The project will also provide training for the next generation of nuclear waste specialists to combat an EU-wide skills gap.
Research found that herbal extracts from Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica exhibit synergistic growth inhibitory effects when combined with conventional cytotoxic agents like doxorubicin and cisplatin. This enhances therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects, offering a potential new approach to cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Bristol demonstrate that birds respond to subtle signals from humans, including eye-gaze direction, to avoid predators. This ability allows starlings to gain valuable feeding time before others join a competitive foraging patch.
A new case report presents an interesting diagnosis of IPN-B with histopathological findings and emphasizes the importance of cholangiography in diagnosing bile duct dilatation. The patient's liver specimens showed intraductal papillary proliferation, fibrovascular cores, and carcinoma in situ.
A UMCES-led research team has developed a new technology to quantify the environmental benefits of urban stream restoration, showing that stream restoration techniques can double nitrogen removal rates by microbes and reduce nitrogen levels in ground water. This breakthrough will help improve water quality in urban environments.
Researchers found that individuals preferred contributing to in-group pool, which increases everyone's stash, without harming anyone. Participants who could consult with each other showed increased preference for cooperation, challenging common assumption of human competitiveness.
The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) honored four award winners in 2008 for their significant contributions to the biological sciences. These individuals were recognized for their groundbreaking research, exceptional service to the scientific community, and dedication to education and environmental conservation.
Jingguang Chen, a University of Delaware chemical engineer, has won the 2008 Award for Excellence in Catalysis for his work on understanding the physical and chemical properties of bimetallic and metal carbide surfaces. His research has inspired new applications of fundamental studies to catalytic and fuel cell processes.
The '4D' ionosphere map provides a real-time, three-dimensional view of the ionosphere, allowing users to plan flights over the poles and predict potential radio blackouts. The tool uses satellite data to forecast changes in electron density and warn users of impending weather conditions.
A nationwide team of researchers has produced the first sequence-based map of large-scale structural variation across the human genome. The map reveals new variations and provides a more detailed look at nearly 1,700 structural variations, including deletions, out-of-place insertions, and copy number variants.
Ian Appelbaum's $484,370 grant from the US Department of Defense will explore spin transport in silicon to enhance integrated circuit design and speed. His team has previously demonstrated successful electrical spin injection, transport, manipulation, and detection in pioneering research published in top journals.
Researchers develop new process to identify and clone human antibodies tailored to fight specific infections, offering rapid and effective treatments for influenza and other diseases. The technology has the potential to provide therapy for existing infections or passive immunity against future infection.
Researchers have completed a nationwide consortium to sequence structural variations in the human genome, revealing 1695 regions of variation and discovering previously unknown DNA segments. The study provides a comprehensive map of genetic differences among individuals, shedding light on their role in human health and disease.
Researchers found that elderly patients with ICDs had a 38% lower mortality rate compared to those without, with 13% dying in the first year after implantation. The study also showed that health care costs associated with ICDs were comparable to other treatments for congestive heart failure after six months.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed tiny liquid crystal devices with graphene electrodes, paving the way for computer and TV displays based on this technology. The graphene-based films are highly transparent and conductive, making them ideal for applications in various electro-optical devices.
Scientists have discovered a timing mechanism in neutron stars that allows them to predict when incredibly powerful X-ray bursts will occur, releasing energy equivalent to 100 hydrogen bombs exploding simultaneously.
Researchers from the University of Maryland and Max-Planck Institute found that Jupiter's outermost ring is extended beyond Thebe's orbit due to dust particles' electric charges interacting with the planet's magnetic field. This phenomenon affects any planet's rings, shedding light on planetary formation.
Researchers at the University of Granada have developed a new method to establish the antioxidant capacity of extra virgin olive oil. The study found that the ABTS method is the most suitable for studying polyphenol content and its correlation with total antioxidant capacity.
University of Iowa researchers have successfully wiped out established Staphylococcus aureus biofilms by activating the bacteria's quorum-sensing system. The discovery offers insight into a dispersal mechanism for biofilms and might help identify new therapeutic targets to combat chronic infections.
A new gastric juice PCR test has been evaluated as a highly specific and rapid method for detecting H. pylori infection in patients taking acid-reducing drugs. The study found that the test was more accurate than other methods for diagnosing the infection, which is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases.
Arctic sea ice is expected to decline further, with a 59% chance of breaking the annual minimum record for the third time in five years. This is due to the preponderance of younger, thinner ice and warming temperatures, which could have negative effects on wildlife and open up shipping lanes.
Researchers have found a new model to explain how signals between cells in the embryo control limb development. Growth factors at the distal tip of the embryonic limb act as instructive molecules controlling bone pattern along the limb length in an animal model.
Researchers found a significant association between anti-HBe antibodies and increased ALT levels among HBV-infected patients. Genotype D was the only type detected in different clinical forms of acute and chronic infections, with a higher prevalence of HBeAg-negative status among chronic hepatitis patients.
Researchers found that certain bacteria can activate genes that protect them from antibiotic action, leading to effective treatment options. The study could lead to more targeted and efficient antibiotics for various infections.
A two-year project at the University of Delaware investigates how scientists bridge disciplinary boundaries, finding that individuals can narrow back to niche specialization. The team also observes differences in culture between academics doing cancer research versus clinicians.
Researchers found that tumor cells can become resistant to radiation by jamming their self-destruct mechanisms, which could lead to improved cancer treatments. The study suggests that controlling the blocking-unblocking mechanism of DNA sequences involved in cell death may be key to making cancer cells sensitive to radiation again.
A primary anorectal melanoma was reported in a 41-year-old man, presenting with rectal bleeding and polypoid tumor. Histopathology revealed a melanoma, but initial dissemination studies were negative. Unfortunately, metastases developed two years later, leading to the patient's death.
A new scientific journal uses evolutionary biology to tackle pressing issues such as climate change, food safety, and infectious diseases. The journal features articles that discuss topics ranging from adapting to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide to predicting the extinction of certain populations due to human-mediated stresses.
A recent study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology suggests that short-term lifestyle intervention is more effective than vitamin E capsule therapy in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese obese children. The researchers recommend lifestyle modification as the first step in treating NAFLD, citing its ...
A study found increased expression of FoxP3 mRNA and higher frequency of regulatory T cells in patients who responded to Adacolumn treatment with remission of symptoms. However, these changes were not observed in non-responding patients.
An intensive educational program reduced the rate of postpartum hemorrhage by 45% and decreased episiotomies by 10.6%. The program also promoted the use of oxytocin to contract the uterus after birth.
Researchers have developed a faster way to generate human monoclonal antibodies against influenza virus by tapping the immune system at peak powers. The method was tested on human volunteers and showed promising results, potentially finding broad application towards almost any infectious disease.
Climate change poses a significant threat to global HIV rates, exacerbated by economic pressures and food scarcity. The event aims to address the topic of an HIV-free future and features discussions on prevention, antiretroviral therapy, and integrated care.
Researchers have discovered the molecular basis of a form of muscular dystrophy by identifying c-FLIP and calpain-3 proteins as drug targets. The study found that people with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy lack the c-FLIP protein, which regulates muscle cell death.
Cpd 861 regulates collagen synthesis and degradation-related genes in human hepatic stellate cells, demonstrating an antifibrotic effect. The study found that Cpd 861 inhibits collagen synthesis and enhances collagen degradation, offering a new mechanism for antifibrogenic drug development.
A team led by Kevin Pipe will use ultrafast lasers and nanotechnology to regulate the flow of heat between materials, benefiting applications such as high-power electronics and thermoelectric energy conversion. The research aims to improve efficiency and reliability in devices.
Women with a family member who has had a hernia or prolapse are more likely to develop the condition themselves. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding heavy lifting and maintaining a healthy weight, can help reduce the risk of pelvic organ prolapse.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found high circulating D-dimer levels associated with ascites presence in liver cirrhosis patients. Ascites depletion may prevent bleeding complications. High D-dimer levels also linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients without ascites.
Jean M. Eason, a senior member of the IEEE, received the Robert S. Walleigh Distinguished Contributions to Engineering Professionalism Award for her long-term leadership and accomplishments in IEEE-USA professional activities. She is one of 24 award recipients recognized for their professionalism and technical achievements.
A study of 900 Vancouver-area teenagers found that physical activity and healthy eating are not strongly linked, contradicting established assumptions. Boys reported more physical activity but a less-healthy diet than girls, while individuals with lower BMI values were no more likely to be physically active.
A University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study found that behavioral change strategies improved public hospital care in Latin America by reducing bleeding and saving lives. Interventions reduced episiotomies and increased oxytocin use, leading to significant improvements in childbirth safety.
Researchers at the Salk Institute identified a probable molecular basis for the interaction between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. The study found that damaged blood vessels in the brain of young diabetic mice suffered from significant memory loss and inflammation before any overt signs of Alzheimer's disease appeared.
Researchers found a special geochemical signature in Arctic volcanic rocks that resembles the one found only in the southern hemisphere. The discovery suggests that processes at work in the Indian Ocean might have an analog in the northern hemisphere, and sheds light on the origin of the Dupal anomaly.
Junior at University of Miami double majoring in Meteorology and Applied Mathematics wins prestigious SOARS mentorship. He will conduct original research on improving weather forecasting and present his findings at a colloquium.
Researchers have found that a common contraceptive pill ingredient, progesterone, can improve neurologic outcomes for patients with severe head injuries. Progesterone was linked to increased survival and favorable outcomes at six months after treatment, with no complications reported.
A new study found that dust raised by farmers amplified and spread natural drought, turning an ordinary drying cycle into disaster. The researchers warn that current pressures on farmland could worsen food crises like the Dust Bowl in other regions.