Researchers have discovered that biphosphonates can prevent radiation-induced leukemia in laboratory mice, with 75% of treated mice developing the disease compared to 100% in untreated mice. The study suggests that these compounds may have a general effect on leukemia associated with causes other than radiation.
Researchers control light at nanoscale by adopting tuning concepts from radio-frequency technology, enabling targeted design of biosensors and photodetectors. The discovery bridges the gap between optical and radio frequencies, opening doors for compact and integrated nanophotonic devices.
A recent lab study found that adolescent rats exposed to THC experienced lasting negative effects on learning and memory, even if they didn't have ovaries. The study suggests that THC use during critical developmental periods can sensitize females to the negative effects of THC later in life.
A humanized mouse infected with HIV has enabled researchers to test antiviral protection against AIDS. The study shows that pre-exposure treatment and post-exposure treatment can prevent both vaginal and rectal transmission of the virus.
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic have formulated a treatment combination that destroys up to 65% of pancreatic tumor cells in laboratory tests. The combination of rapamycin and panobinostat acts synergistically, offering new opportunities for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found a novel combination therapy using tigatuzumab and gemcitabine that reduces pancreatic cancer stem cells, achieving tumor remission and preventing recurrence. The treatment significantly increased time-to-tumor progression in treated cases, offering new hope for patients with this deadly disease.
A study by Dr. Nicolas Bazan at LSU Health Sciences Center has found that an omega three fatty acid called docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protects brain cells from misfolding proteins associated with Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
A study of over 200 families with learning disabilities has discovered nine new genes on the X chromosome associated with the condition. The research highlights the challenges of identifying genetic causes and cautions against assuming that a knocked-out gene is causing a disease.
Researchers have made significant advancements in cancer treatment, with studies on combined PI3K and MEK inhibition showing anti-tumor activity. Another study found that combining a histone deacetylase inhibitor with an mTOR inhibitor may provide a new therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
A large US-based study found that nearly 26% of women with breast cancer have p53 gene mutations, leading to poorer outcomes. Postmenopausal women with higher body mass index (BMI) were more likely to develop these high-grade tumors.
Researchers at USC have identified a new compound that targets both tumor cells and surrounding blood vessels, potentially leading to more effective treatment options for brain tumors. The study found that the compound reduced tumor growth and blood vessel density in animal studies.
Researchers found that a urine metabolite called NNAL predicts risk of lung cancer in smokers, with higher levels associated with increased risk. The study, published by the American Association for Cancer Research, analyzed data from over 50,000 patients.
Researchers found that brain metastases subvert astrocytes, tricking them into protecting tumors and resisting chemotherapy. Surgery is effective when tumor removal is done intact, reducing the risk of cancer spreading to the spinal fluid.
The study found that thymoquinone from Nigella sativa inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines and NF-kappaB in pancreatic cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and inflammation. The herb has been used for centuries to treat various diseases, including immune disorders.
Researchers at the University of Michigan developed a method to analyze changes in a tumor's blood flow and volume, allowing for early prediction of patient survival. The 'parametric response map' approach showed promising results in predicting treatment response earlier than traditional methods.
Researchers found genetic variations in miRNA processing genes and binding sites associated with increased ovarian cancer risk and shorter survival times. Variations also indicated likelihood of response to platinum-based chemotherapy, potentially using a single blood sample for prognosis and therapy prediction.
A study suggests that drinking low-sodium vegetable juice daily can lead to better weight loss results for overweight individuals with metabolic syndrome. Participants who consumed the juice lost an average of four pounds over 12 weeks, compared to one pound for those who did not drink juice.
Researchers have confirmed six gene variants linked to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common adult leukemia in the US. The study found that patients with CLL are more likely to have these genetic changes, increasing their risk of developing the disease.
Researchers found that chewing sugar-free gum reduced sweet snack consumption by 60 calories and overall snack intake by 40 calories in participants. The study suggests chewing gum can play a role in appetite control, weight management, and reducing calorie intake.
A recent study by Wrigley Science Institute found that chewing sugar-free gum can help decrease calorie intake from afternoon snacks, controlling appetite and reducing sweet snack cravings. The researchers also discovered that energy levels remained stable throughout the afternoon for gum chewers.
A pre-clinical study found that adding dasatinib to standard chemotherapy increases the effectiveness of treatment in ovarian cancers with high SRC expression. This synergistic effect was absent in low SRC expressing cancers, suggesting targeted therapies like dasatinib may improve response rates.
Lead from human activities causes clouds to form at warmer temperatures with less water, altering rain and snow patterns. The presence of lead also changes the distribution and density of clouds, affecting the amount of earth's heat that escapes into space.
A study found that a lean population would consume 20% less food and produce fewer greenhouse gases than an obese one. Staying slim also leads to lower transport-related emissions.
Scientists discovered a potential new biomarker, PDE7B, to predict the aggressiveness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). High levels of PDE7B in white blood cells indicate aggressive CLL and need immediate treatment.
A new study found that transplanted liver cells from older donors work equally well in both young and old recipients, but have lower proliferation rates due to lower growth factor levels. The research suggests that injecting the growth factor IGF1 into older rats may increase hepatocyte cell proliferation.
A nationwide study by TGen and Scottsdale Healthcare shows that molecular profiling can identify specific treatments for individuals, helping keep their cancer in check for significantly longer periods. The study included 66 patients who experienced significant periods of time when their tumors did not progress.
Research shows that children in poor, rural Mississippi Delta areas are willing to try fresh fruits and vegetables, with many consuming a large variety and quantity. However, the lack of grocery stores, fast food options, and quality delivery of fresh produce hinders their ability to make healthy choices.
A new human study confirms that eating tart cherries increases antioxidant levels in the body, with benefits potentially including reduced heart disease risk. Researchers found increased antioxidant activity for up to 12 hours after consuming one and a half cups of frozen tart cherries.
The Indigenous Peoples' Global Summit on Climate Change brings together 400 delegates from 80 nations to discuss traditional knowledge and its role in mitigating and adapting to climate change. The summit aims to strengthen communities' participation in climate negotiations and promote their inclusion in a post-Kyoto regime.
Acetylshikonin has been found to have potent anti-tumor effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma, with increased cell death and apoptosis observed in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The drug's mechanism involves the regulation of Bax and Bcl-2 levels, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
A recent study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology reveals that only 10% of stomach cancer cases in Chile survived 5 years due to late consultation. This highlights the importance of implementing cost-effective mass early detection programs, particularly in high-risk areas.
Researchers have identified an epidermal growth factor receptor aberrantly active in approximately a third of human pancreatic cancers, providing a new treatment target for this fatal disease. The discovery also holds promise for developing a blood or urine screening tool to detect pancreatic cancer earlier.
A Chinese study found sex-specific risk factors for gallstone disease in men and women. The study revealed a positive association between diabetes and gallstone disease in men, but not in women. In contrast, hypertriglyceridemia and obesity showed a stronger association with gallstone disease in women.
Research found that tea polyphenols suppress the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which play a key role in metabolizing drugs. This suppression leads to reduced liver damage caused by paracetamol overdose. The study provides new insights into the metabolism of tea polyphenols and their potential as hepatoprotective agents.
18F-FDG PET/CT is highly sensitive and accurate for whole-body staging of recurrent esophageal cancer, suggesting potential improvements in patient survival. The imaging modality also shows promise in guiding salvage treatment to early recurrence lesions.
A prospective cohort study found TACE treatments to be well-tolerated and safe for asymptomatic patients with preserved liver function, with a high HCC progression-free survival probability. The study's results support the efficacy of selective TACE in prolonging life expectancy and confirm its role as a key treatment option.
ESnet4 network provides highly reliable, high-bandwidth connectivity to support and advance the US scientific community. The award recognizes ESnet's efforts to meet the increasingly data-intensive demands of the DOE research community.
A new study analyzes interactions on the Moon among electrostatic adhesive forces, sun's rays angle and lunar gravity to conclude stickiness changes with sun elevation. Forces compelling dust to cling to surfaces weaken as sun moves higher in sky, allowing lunar gravity to pull off.
The Elluam Tungiinun project, rooted in a Pulitzer Prize-winning series, has found that culturally appropriate ways can help Alaska Native youths find reasons to live and avoid substance abuse problems. The program uses cultural activities such as fishing and berry picking to teach protective factors that promote wellness.
Researchers have developed antedrugs that effectively reduce inflammation without causing damage, surpassing the potency of conventional steroids. The new compounds, isoxazoline derivatives, were five times more potent in binding affinities to cell receptors and reducing inflammation.
TGen researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by regulating the actions of NHERF-1, a gene implicated in tumor cell migration and division. Depletion of NHERF-1 stops GBM cell migration, suggesting its role in tumor invasion.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine tracked how prostate cancer began in 33 men, finding a set of genetic defects in a single cell that differ for each person's cancer. The study suggests that common genetic patterns across metastatic sites indicate a single cell source.
The University of Pittsburgh has received a five-year, $2.8 million grant to develop training sites in Mozambique, Brazil, and India for HIV/AIDS researchers. The program aims to equip local researchers with skills to monitor patients and combat drug resistance.
Researchers have identified a genetic mechanism in bacteria that could lead to the development of new antibiotics. The preQ1 riboswitch regulates gene expression by controlling the availability of queuosine, a molecule essential for bacterial survival and human disease.
A team of scientists studied how alligators grow and develop in different oxygen levels, discovering that low oxygen environments result in enlarged bellies and smaller organs, but also larger hearts. The study provides insights into the adaptations of dinosaurs to survive in a world with fluctuating oxygen levels.
Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, wood smoke, or cooking oil smoke for as little as 10 minutes affects cardiovascular function in both men and women. Men exhibit a stronger sympathetic response, while women show a healthier parasympathetic response. These findings confirm previous research on the negative effects of tobacco smoke o...
Researchers found that maternal exercise was associated with increased fetal breathing movements and improved fetal heart rate variability. Fetal breathing movements are a marker of fetal well-being and reflect functional development of the respiratory system and central nervous system control.
Researchers created a computational model to examine the role of certain proteins in familial Alzheimer's disease. The model found no link between amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles, but suggested that genetic mutations in proteins and GSK3 over-activation may contribute to the development of the disease.
Researchers found that phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, commonly used to treat male erectile dysfunction, can also relax female rat internal pudendal arteries and improve blood flow. The study suggests that these drugs may be effective in treating female sexual dysfunction caused by inadequate blood supply.
A Scripps Research Institute team has successfully synthesized kapakahines, marine-derived natural products with anti-leukemia potential, in large quantities for the first time. The breakthrough allows research on the compound to proceed, potentially leading to new drug treatments.
A recent study published in Science found that Ichthyostega, a four-limbed animal with backbones, may have been the more primitive form, acquired terrestrial habits later in development. In contrast, Acanthostega's limbs showed more similarities to earlier fish fins, indicating it may have returned to an aquatic lifestyle.
A new study found that oral contraceptive use impairs muscle gains in young women, with lower hormone levels and elevated cortisol concentrations. The researchers also noted significant differences in lean mass gains between OC users and non-users.
New studies suggest male impotence drugs like Viagra, Levitra, and Cialis may also treat female sexual dysfunction. Researchers found the drugs relax blood vessels in females differently than males, with some women more sensitive to certain medications.
A new study examines the impact of social isolation on rats' response to cocaine, revealing that isolated male rats are more susceptible to the drug's effects. The research suggests that early isolation can alter brain sensitivity to cocaine, leading to increased sensitivity in adolescence.
Patients in the active treatment group experienced significant improvements in nasal symptoms, sense of smell, and a reduction in nasal swelling. The study showed a highly significant improvement to a normal state in the nasal mucosa, with peak nasal inspiratory flow and rhinosinusitis outcome measures also significantly improved.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that PCSK9, a protein responsible for regulating 'bad' cholesterol, works almost exclusively outside cells. This discovery provides opportunities to develop therapies to block the protein's disruptive actions and reduce plasma cholesterol levels.
The article examines how the Columbine High School shootings were originally portrayed in the media and how those messages changed after 9/11. The author argues that framing the event as 'terrorism' contributed to a broader discourse of fear, legitimating the war on terror and expanding social control.
Researchers found that mirthful laughter reduced stress hormones and increased HDL cholesterol in diabetic patients, lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that adding laughter therapy to standard care may improve health outcomes.
A new study found that coffee and caffeine supplementation reduced oxidative stress and cell death in male mice with ALS, while female mice showed no benefit or even increased markers of stress. The researchers suggest women may want to restrict or switch to decaf products with antioxidants.
Researchers at NC State University have found an exponentially better way to protect streams and lakes from the muddy runoff associated with stormwater around road and other construction projects. The alternative method uses natural fiber check dams enhanced with polyacrylamide, significantly reducing sediment loss and pollution.