ESnet4 network provides highly reliable, high-bandwidth connectivity to support and advance the US scientific community. The award recognizes ESnet's efforts to meet the increasingly data-intensive demands of the DOE research community.
A new study analyzes interactions on the Moon among electrostatic adhesive forces, sun's rays angle and lunar gravity to conclude stickiness changes with sun elevation. Forces compelling dust to cling to surfaces weaken as sun moves higher in sky, allowing lunar gravity to pull off.
The Elluam Tungiinun project, rooted in a Pulitzer Prize-winning series, has found that culturally appropriate ways can help Alaska Native youths find reasons to live and avoid substance abuse problems. The program uses cultural activities such as fishing and berry picking to teach protective factors that promote wellness.
Researchers have developed antedrugs that effectively reduce inflammation without causing damage, surpassing the potency of conventional steroids. The new compounds, isoxazoline derivatives, were five times more potent in binding affinities to cell receptors and reducing inflammation.
TGen researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by regulating the actions of NHERF-1, a gene implicated in tumor cell migration and division. Depletion of NHERF-1 stops GBM cell migration, suggesting its role in tumor invasion.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine tracked how prostate cancer began in 33 men, finding a set of genetic defects in a single cell that differ for each person's cancer. The study suggests that common genetic patterns across metastatic sites indicate a single cell source.
The University of Pittsburgh has received a five-year, $2.8 million grant to develop training sites in Mozambique, Brazil, and India for HIV/AIDS researchers. The program aims to equip local researchers with skills to monitor patients and combat drug resistance.
Researchers have identified a genetic mechanism in bacteria that could lead to the development of new antibiotics. The preQ1 riboswitch regulates gene expression by controlling the availability of queuosine, a molecule essential for bacterial survival and human disease.
A team of scientists studied how alligators grow and develop in different oxygen levels, discovering that low oxygen environments result in enlarged bellies and smaller organs, but also larger hearts. The study provides insights into the adaptations of dinosaurs to survive in a world with fluctuating oxygen levels.
Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, wood smoke, or cooking oil smoke for as little as 10 minutes affects cardiovascular function in both men and women. Men exhibit a stronger sympathetic response, while women show a healthier parasympathetic response. These findings confirm previous research on the negative effects of tobacco smoke o...
Researchers found that maternal exercise was associated with increased fetal breathing movements and improved fetal heart rate variability. Fetal breathing movements are a marker of fetal well-being and reflect functional development of the respiratory system and central nervous system control.
Researchers created a computational model to examine the role of certain proteins in familial Alzheimer's disease. The model found no link between amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles, but suggested that genetic mutations in proteins and GSK3 over-activation may contribute to the development of the disease.
Researchers found that phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, commonly used to treat male erectile dysfunction, can also relax female rat internal pudendal arteries and improve blood flow. The study suggests that these drugs may be effective in treating female sexual dysfunction caused by inadequate blood supply.
A Scripps Research Institute team has successfully synthesized kapakahines, marine-derived natural products with anti-leukemia potential, in large quantities for the first time. The breakthrough allows research on the compound to proceed, potentially leading to new drug treatments.
A recent study published in Science found that Ichthyostega, a four-limbed animal with backbones, may have been the more primitive form, acquired terrestrial habits later in development. In contrast, Acanthostega's limbs showed more similarities to earlier fish fins, indicating it may have returned to an aquatic lifestyle.
A new study found that oral contraceptive use impairs muscle gains in young women, with lower hormone levels and elevated cortisol concentrations. The researchers also noted significant differences in lean mass gains between OC users and non-users.
New studies suggest male impotence drugs like Viagra, Levitra, and Cialis may also treat female sexual dysfunction. Researchers found the drugs relax blood vessels in females differently than males, with some women more sensitive to certain medications.
A new study examines the impact of social isolation on rats' response to cocaine, revealing that isolated male rats are more susceptible to the drug's effects. The research suggests that early isolation can alter brain sensitivity to cocaine, leading to increased sensitivity in adolescence.
Patients in the active treatment group experienced significant improvements in nasal symptoms, sense of smell, and a reduction in nasal swelling. The study showed a highly significant improvement to a normal state in the nasal mucosa, with peak nasal inspiratory flow and rhinosinusitis outcome measures also significantly improved.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that PCSK9, a protein responsible for regulating 'bad' cholesterol, works almost exclusively outside cells. This discovery provides opportunities to develop therapies to block the protein's disruptive actions and reduce plasma cholesterol levels.
The article examines how the Columbine High School shootings were originally portrayed in the media and how those messages changed after 9/11. The author argues that framing the event as 'terrorism' contributed to a broader discourse of fear, legitimating the war on terror and expanding social control.
Researchers found that mirthful laughter reduced stress hormones and increased HDL cholesterol in diabetic patients, lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that adding laughter therapy to standard care may improve health outcomes.
A new study found that coffee and caffeine supplementation reduced oxidative stress and cell death in male mice with ALS, while female mice showed no benefit or even increased markers of stress. The researchers suggest women may want to restrict or switch to decaf products with antioxidants.
Researchers at NC State University have found an exponentially better way to protect streams and lakes from the muddy runoff associated with stormwater around road and other construction projects. The alternative method uses natural fiber check dams enhanced with polyacrylamide, significantly reducing sediment loss and pollution.
Calculations suggest low-oxygen dead zones in the ocean will expand significantly over the next century. Marine animals will need more oxygen to survive as carbon dioxide levels increase, exacerbating the effects of 'dead zones'.
A study found that even low levels of lead in children's blood can increase vascular resistance and decrease aldosterone levels, which may predispose them to hypertension. The researchers also discovered increased sympathetic nervous system activity during rest and a paradoxical depression of this response during stressful tasks.
Microbes adapted to manipulate sulfur and iron compounds to survive in the absence of photosynthesis. The discovery provides insights into the origins of life on Earth and offers a unique laboratory for studying life in hostile environments.
The US Navy has successfully demonstrated a revolutionary new counter-mine technology for ships, utilizing superconducting ceramic materials to neutralize the magnetic signature of the ship. This technology provides a warfighting advantage and can act like a cloaking device to eliminate the magnetic signature of the ship.
The Office of Naval Research (ONR) has developed a fuel cell powered UAV that can travel farther and carry heavier payloads than earlier battery-powered designs. This technology has the potential to significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce noise levels, making it ideal for military surveillance missions.
The Office of Naval Research has awarded 15 young researchers with three-year research grants worth up to $510,000. The winners were selected from 193 proposals and include faculty members at top universities, such as Harvard College and Cornell University.
Research reveals that exercising during pregnancy does not require sacrificing time for other activities. Exercisers actually spent slightly more sleep and reading time, while non-exercisers spent more on TV/computer time. The study also found significant differences in BMI and maternal weight between exercisers and non-exercisers.
A low-dose of naltrexone reduced symptoms of pain and fatigue by an average of 30% in women with fibromyalgia, according to a Stanford pilot study. The drug's use was found to be particularly promising due to its low cost and limited side effects.
A new study finds a significant decline in the number of entering college freshmen needing remedial English and math classes since 2004, with a 6-percentage point drop in Sacramento State's population. This reduction equals about 2,000 fewer students in remedial math and 3,000 in remedial English courses across the CSU system.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center found that prenatal exposure to maternal antibodies can trigger neurobehavioral changes similar to autism in mouse pups, including increased anxiety and hyperactivity. The study suggests that the immune system may play a key role in some cases of autism.