Researchers discovered that genetic differences exist more within Central Asian ethnic groups than between them, indicating a constructed social system rather than common ancestry. This challenges traditional notions of ethnicity and highlights the importance of analyzing genetic data in understanding ethnological issues.
Researchers have identified a contaminant in common intravenous treatments that can trigger life-threatening inflammation in critically ill patients. Advanced glycation end products, found in albumin infusion solutions, can cause significant inflammation and death rates in mice, suggesting the need for improved patient outcomes.
UC San Diego researcher Hoanh Vu is working on a three-year grant project to study laser-plasma interactions for safe nuclear ignition. His research could lead to the development of nuclear fusion as an alternative energy source, increasing safety and security in nuclear stockpile stewardship.
The American Academy of Neurology and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are monitoring H1N1 vaccine safety for Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurologists are urged to report any new cases following vaccination, as a precautionary measure due to the association between GBS and previous pandemic vaccines.
A new revision of the Dioptinae subfamily sheds light on the diversity of tropical moth species, revealing a unique story of parallel evolution. The study found that around 500 species evolved from a common ancestor into diverse butterfly mimics, with some feeding on toxic plants to gain protection.
A new trial aims to determine the best strategy for patients who cannot receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI) by investigating early fibrinolysis with mandated angiography. The study seeks to clarify whether this approach can achieve comparable outcomes to P-PCI.
A study published in Psychological Science found that carrying a heavy clipboard increased volunteers' judgment of the value of foreign currencies and the importance of social justice issues. The researchers propose that this effect may be linked to embodied cognition, where bodily experiences shape mental processes.
A new mathematical formula and software solution ensure the protection of individual identities in genetic research studies. This allows researchers to access valuable DNA information while maintaining privacy, potentially leading to groundbreaking medical discoveries.
Recent studies suggest that aspirin may not provide significant benefits for primary prevention in all diabetics. However, the European Society of Cardiology recommends its use for individuals with a high cardiovascular risk profile. Aspirin has been shown to reduce the risk of myocardial infarctions and strokes in this population, par...
The University of Chicago will expand and extend TeraGrid until 2011 with a $30 million National Science Foundation grant. This enhancement will provide access to extremely powerful supercomputers and ultra-high-speed networks for leading-edge scientific discovery and education.
Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center studied the impact of early social experience on adult bonding behaviors in prairie voles. They found that pups raised by single mothers or both parents exhibited different levels of care and social behavior, with significant influences on long-term relationships.
A study published in Neurology found that smoking cigarettes significantly increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis, particularly in women. In contrast, using Swedish snuff was not associated with an elevated risk for MS. The researchers suggest that nicotine may not be the primary substance responsible for the increased risk.
Alison Kemper, a fourth-year doctoral student at the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management, has won the 2009 Dissertation Proposal Award from the Aspen Institute. She is researching how firms and activists evaluate institutional change, with implications for corporate rankings and ratings.
Hurricane Jimena's cloud top temperatures reached as low as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating powerful thunderstorms. The storm strengthened to a Category Four Hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale within two days of development.
Extending universal health coverage to IVF could decrease multiple births, their associated complications, and mortality rates. Quebec's legislation shows promise, with a decrease in multiple births after Finland's single-embryo transfer policy.
A team of researchers has found that contaminants from the Exxon Valdez oil spill were the main source of bioavailable PAH pollutants in the Gulf of Alaska. The study used genetically engineered bacteria to prove that only tanker oil PAHs had an effect on organisms.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that women, blacks, and Medicare recipients are less likely to be evaluated for liver transplantation. The research followed 144,507 patients hospitalized with liver-related conditions, revealing disparities in the evaluation process.
Rice University chemists have developed a polymer-coated platinum-gold nanorod catalyst that can be used in organic solvents favored by the chemical and drug industries. The coated particles exhibit nearly 100% catalytic selectivity, making them attractive to industry.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that a psychological therapy significantly relieved depressive symptoms and reduced markers of inflammation in breast cancer patients. The study published in Psychosomatic Medicine showed that treating depression can also lead to less inflammation, highlighting the importance of including psyc...
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that adding clinical breast examination to mammography improves breast cancer detection rates and sensitivities, but also leads to higher false-positive rates. The study used a cohort of over 290,000 women screened between 2002 and 2003.
A new study by Ohio State University researcher Claire Kamp Dush found that children from stable single-parent homes perform similarly to those in married households in terms of academic abilities and behavior problems. The key factor for many children is growing up in a stable household, regardless of family structure.
The role of society in preventing chronic diseases such as CVD is crucial. Governments, industries, and civil society must collaborate to promote healthy lifestyles and environments. The impact of societal changes on health outcomes has been observed in countries like Finland, where CVD mortality has decreased by over 70%.
A study found that traditional measurements and markers of inflammation were not effective in predicting future asthma symptoms and exacerbations in well-treated patients with persistent asthma. Researchers hope to identify better clinical predictors for this complex disease.
The new definition of syncope, including an aetiological requirement of reduced cerebral blood flow, provides a clearer picture of who and how many are affected by this common condition. The Guidelines identify three common types of syncope with different causes and risk profiles.
The TRIANA trial found primary angioplasty superior to thrombolysis in treating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients aged 75 or older. Primary angioplasty showed a significantly lower need for recurrent cardiac ischemia and comparable outcomes compared to thrombolysis.
Researchers found significant alterations in brain function similar to posttraumatic stress disorders shortly after the Wenchuan earthquake. Hyperactivity in certain areas and decreased functional connectivity were observed, suggesting a need for early treatment and potential long-term psychological impact.
The Center of Biomedical Research Excellence at Rhode Island Hospital has received a $11 million NIH grant to fund its cancer research program. The center will focus on generating new avenues of research, including the identification of biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic potential in cancer.
Researchers have identified a key enzyme, TRC8, that enables cytomegalovirus to shut down an antiviral defense by destroying the MHC I protein. This allows the virus to evade immune system surveillance and trigger an immune response.
A VBI researcher has received $786,797 to develop high-performance computer models for studying infectious diseases. These simulations can provide important information before an outbreak happens, aiding policymakers in making informed decisions.
Scientists have identified a gene mutation responsible for premature skin aging, known as 'wrinkly skin syndrome.' Increasing levels of the PYCR1 protein could reverse conditions causing fast aging and wrinkly skin.
The new European Society of Cardiology guidelines update the treatment approach for infective endocarditis, emphasizing a multidisciplinary care team and earlier surgery. The guidelines also reduce antibiotic prophylaxis for high-risk dental procedures and highlight the importance of echocardiography in diagnosis and management.
A new family care model called I-FAST aims to assist families dealing with severe emotional and behavioral issues in their children and adolescents. The model empowers agencies to develop their own home-based treatment protocols, reducing reliance on out-of-home placements and support.
Researchers estimated that 1.3 million extra cases were diagnosed and over a million treated since 1986 due to overdiagnosis of prostate cancer through PSA screening. The majority of these cases involve younger men.
A new study published in The Lancet found that proton pump inhibitors do not negate the clinical benefit of clopidogrel or prasugrel in patients after a heart attack. The TRITON-TIMI 38 trial showed that PPIs can be safely used with these antiplatelet drugs to reduce gastrointestinal bleeding.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a new type of turbulence in the solar wind that enables plasma particles to exchange energy without collisions. This finding has significant implications for fusion power development and could provide insights into energy dissipation in solar system-sized plasmas.
A new genetic marker associated with ovarian cancer risk was discovered by a research group led by scientists from the University of Hawaii at Manoa. The marker is present among 32% of women and contributes an estimated 0.7% to ovarian cancer risk, particularly for serous carcinoma subtype.
A special issue of Genome Research explores personal genomics, revealing novel biological insights gained from individual genomes. The study found significant genomic variation between closely related ethnic groups and the role of mobile elements in creating structural variation.
Researchers found warfarin therapy reduces ischemic stroke risk but increases intracranial bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Benefits of treatment are greatest for patients over 85 years old and those with multiple risk factors for stroke.
Researchers at Clemson University will receive $2 million from the NSF to mimic butterflies' suction mechanism for feeding. This method can be used in medical diagnostics and will help develop new fiber-based devices capable of probing hard-to-reach liquids.
Researchers found that a Mediterranean-style diet was more effective in managing type 2 diabetes than a low-fat diet, with patients on the Mediterranean diet requiring less medication and experiencing greater weight loss. Additionally, retail clinics were shown to provide quality care at lower costs compared to urgent care centers and ...
The National Science Foundation awards Rutgers $7.6 million for research in clean and sustainable energy resources using biotechnology and nanotechnology. Graduate students will also benefit from the grants, which support training in policy and economic issues related to clean energy development.
The NORDISTEMI study found that patients in rural areas with long transfer delays experience improved treatment outcomes with thrombolysis followed by immediate angiography. The results suggest an early invasive strategy may be preferable to conservative management, reducing the risk of death, reinfarction, or stroke.
A RAND Corporation study found that retail medical clinics offer high-quality care at a lower cost than traditional settings, with costs 30-40% lower for acute illnesses. The study also showed that retail clinics provide care similar in quality to physician offices, urgent care centers, and hospital emergency departments.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that parents of children participating in organized team sports experience improved spousal communication, time management skills, and even develop new friendships. The research also highlighted the emotional connection between parents and their children's sports experiences.
The guidelines focus on non-cardiac surgery, with an emphasis on assessing clinical risk factors and testing for ischaemic heart disease. Recommended medications include beta-blockers, statins, aspirin, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
A study analyzing Thai data found that reduced birth rates and changes in population demographics are linked to the increase in average age of dengue cases. This shift has implications for clinical management and vaccine development, particularly as more adults become part of the case mix.
A study published in CMAJ found that planned home births attended by registered midwives have a similar risk of infant death to planned hospital births. Women who planned home births had lower rates of obstetric interventions and adverse outcomes, including reduced risk of cesarean sections, epidural analgesia, and infection.
The ISAR-TEST-4 study found that biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents are non-inferior to permanent polymer-based DES in preventing cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and revascularisation. The results indicate a comparable one-year clinical efficacy of the biodegradable polymer rapamycin-eluting stent.
Researchers have identified a new group of genetic mutations involved in melanoma, with ERBB4 being the most frequently mutated PTK gene. The discovery could lead to specific therapies for melanoma patients with ERBB4 mutations.
A new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center found that women's decisions on breast cancer surgery are often influenced by family and friends. The study discovered that when patients take a more active role in decision-making, they are more likely to choose mastectomy over breast-conserving surgery.
A French team identified a 'Goldilocks dose' of DHA (200mg/day) that affects biochemical markers predicting cardiovascular problems. Regular DHA consumption is likely to improve cardiovascular health, especially in aging-related issues.
A study of obese children found pre-diabetes, high blood pressure, and reduced HDL cholesterol levels, indicating impaired endothelial function. The degree of obesity correlated with vessel dysfunction, and self-healing capacity was compromised. These findings suggest a high risk of cardiovascular disease in young adults.
Research in Barcelona found that access to motorcycles without a prior exam increased the number of accidents among lightweight motorcycle users. The study, published in the World Health Organization Magazine, shows an increase of 46% in injuries among these users over three years.
Biocompatible silk-based optical waveguides have been developed to meet the growing need for photonic components in biomedical applications. These waveguides are fabricated using direct ink writing and can be readily functionalized with active molecules.
A team of researchers from The Wistar Institute have shown that a large non-coding RNA in mammals and yeast plays a central role in helping maintain telomeres. Manipulating this RNA's expression may be useful in treating cancer and other diseases.
Researchers found that nadroparin almost halves the risk of developing blood clots in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The study, published in The Lancet Oncology, showed a significant reduction in thromboembolic events in patients treated with nadroparin compared to those receiving placebo.
The GRACE registry study analyzed 43,018 ACS patients to determine the optimal revascularisation strategy for unprotected left main coronary disease. PCI is now the most common revascularisation strategy, preferred in higher-risk patients, while CABG is often delayed and associated with the best 6-month survival.
Researchers pinpointed Ridge A as the ideal location due to its extreme cold and dryness, averaging -70°C in winter, and minimal atmospheric turbulence, making it suitable for high-quality astronomical images.
Despite high GDP per capita, developed countries experience lower life expectancy and poor health outcomes. In contrast, countries with strong social safety nets and labor protection show smaller health impacts during recessions.
The APS Foundation presented several monetary awards to recognize excellence in teaching, research, and international service. H. David Shew received the Lucy Hastings de Gutiérrez Award for Excellence in Teaching, while Andrew F. Bent won the Noel T. Keen Award for Research Excellence in Molecular Plant Pathology.