This issue of BioScience explores strategies for managing biological resources, including optimizing forest responses to climate change. The journal also examines the ecological roles of mesocarnivores and the impact of mercury contamination on sport fish in the Northeastern United States.
Researchers developed a precise orbit determination method for the Jason-1 satellite using on-board GPS data, achieving centimeter-level accuracy. The study found that the method provided highly accurate GPS-based solutions, with systematic biases between POE and orbit solutions and SLR residual statistics.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found that a cementless metal cup design remained fixed in place in 95% of hip revision cases after 20 years. The device's bone-in-growth surface allows for long-term stability and durability, reducing the need for repeat surgeries.
A team of researchers has discovered a new enzyme in Shewanella that works together to oxidize lactate, a food and energy source for many microbes. The discovery suggests that dozens of bacteria use this multi-protein enzyme instead of the single-protein version, which could help clean up toxic pollutants.
A vascular drug has improved spatial learning and working memory in middle-aged rats, suggesting potential benefits for cognitive function in humans. The findings support the use of the drug as a cognitive enhancer for age- or neurodegenerative-related memory dysfunction.
Researchers at George Mason University have developed a DNA-based vaccine effective in protecting mice from adenovirus-3. The vaccine's affordability and stability make it a promising solution for preventing this devastating infection.
Researchers developed a composite metric of maternal-drinking measures that can predict prenatal neurobehavioral dysfunction and deficits in children, identifying over 62% of mothers as drinking at risk levels. The metric was more successful than individual measures in predicting poor child cognition and behavior problems.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition reveals that quercetin can help prevent colon cancer by reducing inflammation and promoting apoptosis. Quercetin is a natural compound found in many plant-based foods, including vegetables and fruit.
Scientists have discovered 10 new amphibian species in Colombia, shedding light on the country's remarkable biodiversity. The discovery was made during a Rapid Assessment Program expedition in the Tacarcuna area, where approximately 60 species of amphibians were identified, including three glass frogs and three poison dart frogs.
Leading authors debate the best strategies to tackle ghostwriting, a form of scientific misconduct that undermines author accountability. Some advocate for regulations and explicit disclosure of writing assistance, while others argue against excessive controls that may not be justified by current evidence.
Researchers identified a DNA region controlling HGF gene activity and found shortened regions in most breast cancer patients, who were younger than those with normal lengths. This discovery suggests a potential marker for increased breast cancer risk and may be linked to other cancers overexpressing HGF.
Researchers discovered that atypical spitzoid tumors (ASTs) respond well to treatment, with 27 patients experiencing complete remission after a lymph node biopsy. The study suggests ASTs behave differently from other types of melanoma and may not be as aggressive.
Researchers have discovered phytoplankton in the Sargasso Sea that build cell membranes without phospholipids, using substitute lipids instead. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of cell biochemistry and could lead to rewriting fundamental principles.
A large number of U.S. children and teens take vitamin and mineral supplements, often due to lack of health care access or unhealthy lifestyle habits. These supplements contribute significantly to total dietary intakes of vitamins and minerals, highlighting the need for targeted screening and counseling by healthcare providers.
Stat3 promotes pro-cancer immune responses and inhibits antitumor immunity by stimulating immunosuppressive factors and inhibiting expression of chemicals critical for antitumor immunity. The study reveals a mechanism by which oncogenic pathways regulate the immune microenvironment to promote tumor development.
Researchers found that older killer whales nearing menopause have a 10% higher survival rate for their calves compared to younger females. This suggests that these older mothers may be more successful in rearing their young due to maternal experience and increased allocation of effort.
A new study found that PET/CT can identify precise location and extent of metastasis, offering a better prognosis for patients with inflammatory breast cancer. The imaging modality provides information on both primary disease site and disease involvement throughout the body.
A new class of nonprotein coding genes, known as lincRNAs, has been discovered in mammals with critical regulatory roles in health and disease. The study reveals that these long RNAs play important roles in regulating cellular processes such as cell proliferation, immune signaling, and stem cell biology.
A study published in the journal Sleep found that women with restless legs syndrome (RLS) have higher levels of estradiol during pregnancy, which may contribute to the development of RLS symptoms. The study also found that women with RLS experience more periodic limb movements (PLMs) before and after delivery.
A Penn study found a genetic link between Parkinson's disease genes and manganese poisoning, with the PARK9 protein protecting cells from toxic effects. Manganese poisoning is an environmental risk factor for a Parkinson's-like syndrome.
A new study found that infliximab was effective at preventing endoscopic, clinical and histological postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. The treatment significantly reduced the rate of endoscopic recurrence (9.1%) compared to placebo (84.6%).
A study using twin data revealed that genetic factors play a significant role in linking sleep problems to later depression in young children. The stability of sleep problems across time is mainly caused by genetic influences, while non-shared environmental influences dominate the development of depressive symptoms.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have developed a new technology tool called DyNeMo that analyzes breast cancer tumors to determine the best treatment options. The tool predicts patient recovery with over 80% accuracy and may be used to analyze other types of cancer.
Researchers have discovered a compound that targets four crucial metabolic pathways of the tuberculosis bacterium, weakening and destroying it. This approach could lead to the development of safer, single-drug treatments that eliminate the need for lengthy medication regimens.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified a key protein involved in pancreatic cancer growth. Blocking its expression slowed or prevented tumor growth in mice and made cultured cancer cells vulnerable to low oxygen conditions.
A recent study published in SLEEP found that inflammation may be the underlying mechanism linking extreme sleep durations to poor health. Short and long sleep durations were associated with changes in inflammatory cytokines, including C-reactive protein and interleukin-6.
A tropical, freshwater turtle fossil discovered in Arctic Canada supports the idea of animals migrating from Asia to North America across a freshwater sea floating on top of the warm, salty Arctic Ocean. The find suggests a rapid influx of carbon dioxide led to a super-greenhouse effect creating extraordinary polar heat.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered that electrostatic interactions alone can give rise to helical shapes in molecules, shedding light on how nature generates chirality. Their work shows that this phenomenon is a result of simple interactions and has implications for understanding complex phenomena.
The study found that many schools have improved the nutritional quality of their meals, but there is still much work to be done. Schools need to reduce the availability of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods and make school meals more nutritious.
A study found that daytime functional impairments in older men with obstructive sleep apnea are largely explained by total sleep time rather than OSA severity. Total sleep time was also associated with measures of sleep disturbances and quality of life.
A team of scientists found that a single gene is enough for bacteria to switch from one host animal to another. The study, published in Nature, reveals the genetic pressure point that could be manipulated to thwart germs that make us sick.