Studies found that antidepressant medication exposure during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and low five-minute Apgar scores. Exposure was also linked to a higher risk of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study suggests that treatment of depression during pregnancy may be warrant...
Researchers have defined a molecular mechanism underlying impaired inflammatory responses in mice lacking Hfe. Altering iron levels may provide a new approach to controlling inflammation, as seen in studies with drugs mimicking altered iron distribution.
New research shows that daily fluctuations in glucocorticoids directly synchronize the biological clock and regulate blood sugar levels. This finding may help doctors reduce debilitating side effects of glucocorticoid drugs and aid diabetics in controlling their blood sugar levels.
A new species of horned tyrannosaur, Alioramus altai, has been discovered in Asia, exhibiting a unique set of adaptations for meat-eating. The fossil, found in the Gobi Desert, shows a gracile cousin of Tyrannosaurus rex with slender teeth and small muscle attachments.
A new study found that African-Americans living in southern states account for the highest proportion of chronic rhinosinusitis outpatient treatment. Female outpatients also have a significantly higher prevalence compared to men in all regions, with primary care specialties being the most frequently visited.
The NIH is expanding its Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network with a new $117 million funding round. The network aims to understand the natural history, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of over 95 rare diseases through clinical studies involving more than 5,000 patients.
Researchers at LA BioMed will investigate the potential of ESAI's drug, KRONOS IV, to activate adult stem cells and provide long-term correction for male erectile dysfunction in an aged population. The study aims to understand how the drug works on tissue repair and identify potential systemic effects.
Researchers at University of Toronto have discovered a previously unidentified form of circulation within the human eye, which may provide important new insights into glaucoma. The discovery overthrows the idea that the eye is an immune privileged site due to the lack of lymphatics.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have discovered that a DNA test can identify individuals with a higher risk of developing head and neck cancer. Nearly two thirds of tonsil tumour samples showed evidence of the HPV-16 gene, which may trigger protein production that increases cancer development.
A study of 2,293 adolescents found that depression, ADHD, and social phobia predict Internet addiction, with sex differences in predictive factors. Hostility was a significant predictor for male adolescents, while social phobia was a key predictor for female adolescents.
Researchers created the first self-sustaining meander in a laboratory using alfalfa sprouts to represent vegetated stream banks. They found that vegetation on the outer bank is crucial for slowing down erosion and allowing bars to grow on the inner bank.
Primary care physicians face limitations when evaluating patients with voice problems, including hoarseness. New research reveals that only a third of physicians routinely assess voice issues, highlighting the need for improved methods to identify and treat these patients.
A UBC research team has identified dendritic cells as a crucial part of the immune system's defense against bacterial infections. The study reveals that dendritic cells use cross-presentation to activate the immune system, and deactivating this process can lead to severe compromise in fighting Listeria infections.
A new study by Stanford University scientists found that starting a vaccination campaign a few weeks earlier could save almost 600 lives and over $150 million. Vaccinating sooner rather than later provides the best strategy to save lives and dollars in flu pandemics.
Virginia Tech's CyberInfrastructure Group receives funding to integrate pathogen data, provide key resources and tools, and analyze genomic and proteomic data. The Pathogen Portal will serve as a centralized gateway for biomedical researchers.
Theoretical biologist Peter Turchin and ancient historian Walter Scheidel developed a mathematical model using coin hoards to project population dynamics before and after 100 BC. The model suggests that the Roman population declined after 100 BC, contradicting the 'high count' hypothesis of vigorous growth.
Buruli ulcer is caused by mycobacterium ulcerans and primarily affects poor rural communities in tropical countries. The new study aims to identify the natural reservoir for the disease, its activation, and transmission to humans.
Researchers aim to control electromagnetic forces that can destroy future particle accelerators. They propose two approaches: heavy damping and light damping with detuning, to mitigate the effects of extreme wake fields. Detuning is compared to acoustics, where ringing bells at different frequencies reduces overall sound amplitude.
A new study by Ruth Nalumaga reveals that female parliamentarians in Uganda still face significant information challenges, hindering their ability to perform duties effectively. Despite improved social position, women's roles are often confined to domestic responsibilities, limiting their time and preparation for parliamentary work.
Researchers identified KLF17 as a key gene involved in breast cancer metastasis. The study found that expression of KLF17 together with Id1 accurately predicts whether the disease will spread to the lymph nodes.
A recent Florida study found that black and Hispanic students are less likely to enroll in advanced courses due to lower scores on eighth-grade exams, but gaps exist between poor and non-poor students. The findings suggest investments before high school age can close these disparities.
The Group Health Research Institute will receive more than $15 million in federal stimulus funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. The institute's success rate for these competitive awards surpassed its typical rate of about 30 percent.
The Partnership for Research and Education in Plants (PREP) has received a $1.3 million Science Education Partnership Award from the NIH to expand benefits to more students and high schools. Students are collecting real data on Arabidopsis thaliana, making discoveries acknowledged in grant proposals and publications.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and local institutions receive $16 million in federal stimulus funding to conduct comparative-effectiveness research on cancer diagnostics, genetic tests, and breast imaging. The projects aim to determine the optimal choices for balancing benefits and harms.
A comprehensive study of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) finds that men are 2.5 times more likely to develop the condition than women, with married white non-Hispanic men representing the highest risk group. The study analyzed data from over 5,000 individuals and found NIHL to affect approximately 24 million Americans.
Researchers estimate ancient Rome's population declined after 100 B.C. based on a unique method using coin hoards, bundles of buried Roman coins. The study suggests intense internal warfare led to the decline, with implications for understanding current Roman history and social structure.
Scientists at the University of Leeds discovered that acidic clouds can convert large particles of iron from dust into small, soluble nanoparticles that plankton can use. This finding highlights a previously unknown source of bioavailable iron delivered to the Earth's surface in precipitation.
A new study finds that spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a promising therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The research integrates genetic and proteomic approaches to identify Syk as a potential treatment option.
A study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center found that less-acculturated Latinas were less likely to undergo breast reconstruction surgery after a mastectomy for breast cancer. Despite having a desire for reconstruction, these women faced barriers such as lack of information and limited access to plastic surgeons.
Researchers have characterized the detailed structure of prions using unconventional X-ray diffraction methods. The study found surprisingly large structural differences between natural prions and synthetic analogs, shedding new light on their infectious behavior.
Researchers evaluated 100 rhinoplasty patients and found that between 17-62% of men and 39-81% of women could have benefitted from chin augmentation. The study suggests that addressing the chin can prevent post-operative disappointment with rhinoplasty and provide a more balanced facial profile.
Injuries are the leading cause of death in children over 1 year old, with traffic accidents being a major contributor. By modifying built environments, such as playgrounds and homes, to prioritize safety, injuries can be reduced by up to 75%.
Research from the University of Leeds shows that air pollution levels change dramatically within small geographical areas dependent on wind patterns and street layout. Pedestrians can significantly reduce their exposure to traffic pollution by crossing one street away from main roads.
A survey of European and Malaysian people found that most believed they were at risk from swine flu due to age or weakened immunity. However, some groups such as homosexuals, prostitutes, and farmers were incorrectly perceived to be at high risk.
A long-term study found that El Niño drives the migration of Sulfur butterflies in Panama, with peak migrations occurring after rainy season begins. The research suggests that understanding global climate cycles can improve prediction of insect movements and effects on crops.
A Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, nuts, and fish has been associated with a reduced risk of depression. The study found that individuals who closely followed the diet had a greater than 30 percent reduction in depression risk compared to those who did not adhere to it.
A new study found that depressive symptoms are associated with increased levels of interleukin-6, an inflammatory protein predicting cardiovascular events. In contrast, levels of interleukin-6 were not related to later increases in depressive symptoms among healthy adults.
A national survey reveals that most Americans are at risk of heart disease due to lifestyle factors like obesity, with fewer than half correctly believing they should adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle from childhood. The Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association has launched an education campaign called 'Family at Heart' to empower pa...
A new series explores how to treat six major MNS disorders in settings where specialists are scarce. The series recommends 'packages of care' combining medication and psychosocial treatments for best outcomes, with non-specialist health workers playing a key role.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that adding silver nanoparticles to plastic boosts electrical current generation in polymer semiconductors, increasing efficiency. The new fabrication technique allows for a wider range of wavelength absorption, promising advancements toward commercially viable solar cells.
A driving simulation test involving 67 people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease and 51 healthy individuals found that those with Parkinson's were more likely to crash in foggy conditions. Their reaction time was also longer, averaging 2.7 seconds compared to 2.1 seconds for healthy drivers.
Tropical Storm Parma is expected to linger off the northwest coast of Luzon for five days, bringing showers and gusty winds to the northern Philippines and Taiwan. The storm's slow movement is due to a lack of wind pushing it west into the South China Sea.
Minocycline has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect on neurons by reducing apoptosis and ameliorating behavioral deficits in animal models after a stroke. This study suggests that minocycline could be a new treatment option for acute ischemic stroke, offering hope for patients who currently have limited treatment options.
A recent study found a causal link between aberrant sustained hepatic LT?R signaling and the development of chronic hepatitis-induced liver cancer. Elevated lymphotoxin expression in the liver leads to inflammation and cancer progression.
Jack W. Szostak's Nobel Prize-winning discovery of telomerase has revealed a crucial link between chromosome maintenance and cellular senescence. His work also laid the foundation for understanding the molecular origins of life and aging processes in humans.
Researchers discovered that plasmacytoid dendritic cells assist in the growth of multiple myeloma cells by promoting their survival and shielding them from drugs. Compounds targeting pDCs restore immune system function, stopping myeloma cell growth.
A Harvard Medical School study found that individuals who were previously uninsured between ages 51 and 64 cost Medicare an additional $1,000 annually due to complications from cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Expanding coverage may reduce subsequent Medicare spending by $98 billion, offsetting the costs.
A new study suggests that high mortality rates in small-bodied people may be linked to their small stature. Researchers found that populations with high mortality rates experienced a decrease in height over time, while those with lower mortality rates remained stable.
NASA's Aqua and Quick Scatterometer satellites captured infrared imagery of Tropical Storm Olaf stretching eastward over mainland Mexico, showing its center west of Baja California. The storms dissipation was attributed to adverse environmental conditions like upper-level winds and cooler sea surface temperatures.
A Swedish thesis reveals that intensive care units are often ill-equipped to provide good end-of-life care, with patients dying in public areas or without relatives present. Despite this, most relatives report a positive experience, highlighting the need for improved environment and support.
Researchers at the Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute found that survival rates for intestinal and multivisceral transplants increased with innovative surgical techniques, novel immunosuppressive protocols, and better post-operative management. The five-year survival rate rose to 68 percent, similar to other abdominal and thora...
A high-fat diet impairs muscle health in adolescents with pre-diabetes, leading to initial adaptations but ultimately decreased ability to use fat or glucose as fuel. The study suggests early therapeutic interventions are needed to prevent long-term functional impairment.
The Framingham Heart Study has received a $1M challenge grant to identify risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation. Researchers will use data from five major cohort studies, including the study's own long-term follow-up of over 10,000 participants.
A recent study published in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology found that iodine-based skin preparation solutions, such as 3M's DuraPrep Surgical Solution, may be superior to chlorhexidine in preventing surgical-site infections. The study of over 3,200 general surgery patients suggests a significant reduction in morbidity and ...
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that people who sit up straight are more likely to believe positive thoughts about their qualifications and abilities. In contrast, those who slouch over have less confidence in their own thoughts. The study suggests that body posture can influence how we think about ourselves.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a sustainable solution to the global period poverty issue by creating affordable sanitary pads from locally sourced, organic materials. The pads will be sold at a lower cost than existing brands, making them accessible to millions of women in impoverished countries.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute will combine two advanced technologies to screen massive peptoid libraries in parallel fashion, increasing the rate of ligand discovery by several hundred times over current methods. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize the search for new therapies.
A study by researchers from the University of Colorado found that hepatologists believe metabolic complications are common in liver transplant patients but poorly controlled. The majority of respondents felt that these complications significantly contributed to morbidity and mortality 10 years after transplantation. Barriers to control...
Researchers have successfully produced renewable hydrogen from wastewater using a microbial electrolysis system at a Napa Valley winery. The process uses bacteria to convert organic material into electrical current and then produces hydrogen gas, which can be used as a clean energy source.
A new study found that higher folate intake can decrease the risk of hearing loss in men, while antioxidant vitamins have no beneficial effect. Men over 60 with high folate intake had a 20% lower risk of developing hearing loss.
Since 2000, there has been a dramatic increase in cosmetic and non-cosmetic surgical procedures performed by dermatologic surgeons, with a 120% growth rate between 2001 and 2007. The procedures with the greatest increases were soft tissue augmentation, botulinum toxin injections, and non-ablative skin rejuvenation.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that certain structural features within breast tissue can indicate a woman's individual cancer risk. The percentage of acini present per lobule at a given age indicates cancer risk. This method is more accurate in predicting risk for an individual than the Gail model.
Researchers found SRS alone reduces learning and memory problems in cancer patients with one to three brain metastases. SRS plus WBRT results in twice the risk of cognitive decline, but no survival benefit.
A new study from Trudeau Institute reveals that older animals' immune cells live longer but acquire functional defects. This research may provide new targets to boost immune system function in older individuals, improving vaccine efficacy.
Researchers have identified a link between the mutated FGFR4 protein and the spread of childhood cancer. Additionally, changes in iron levels are found to affect inflammation via the TLR4 pathway, while glial cells play a crucial role in stimulating red blood cell production.
Tropical Storm Grace formed suddenly near the Azores Islands and is expected to merge with a non-tropical low-pressure system. The storm has sustained winds of up to 65mph and is forecasted to bring rainfall to Ireland.
Scientists used gene transfer to increase heart muscle cell contractions, improving cardiac function and quality of life for patients. The fast molecular motor gene transfer showed promise in reversing the course of heart failure.
A randomized trial found that organized phone therapy for depression significantly improved symptoms, leading to a gain of 46 depression-free days over two years. The treatment was cost-effective, with only a $397 increase in outpatient health care costs, compared to $676 for phone care management alone.
Researchers analyzed the clinical and cost-effectiveness of early H1N1 vaccination, finding that vaccinating 40% of the population in October or 35% in November could save costs and shorten the pandemic. Expanded vaccination and antiviral prophylaxis are also effective against avian flu, with a focus on mitigating the pandemic potentia...
Researchers at the University of Santiago de Compostela have developed a new technique to accurately measure vitamin C in fruit juices and soft drinks. The study found that only two out of 17 samples matched their labels, revealing higher levels of natural vitamin C in other drinks.
Research reveals that non-allergic rhinitis patients experience more severe symptoms, affecting activities and sleep quality. Studies found that non-allergic rhinitis can have a greater impact on daily life compared to allergic rhinitis.
A study by RAND Corporation researchers found that multifunctional electronic health records improve the quality of care in community-based primary care practices. Practices using these records showed better care for diabetes and provided certain health screenings compared to those without.
A new study from Rhode Island Hospital found that alcohol-impaired drivers, regardless of injury severity, incur higher medical costs in emergency departments. The study revealed a median charge difference of $4,538 and a longer length of stay, totaling 3.3 hours compared to non-alcohol impaired patients.
A recent study found that individuals who experienced violence at an early age are more likely to struggle with healthy romantic relationships and experience marital difficulties. The research highlights the importance of preventing domestic violence from childhood onward.
The IT industry is rethinking its role in corporate cost-cutting, focusing on productivity and efficiency rather than slashing jobs. Top executives cite improving business agility and speed to market as key concerns.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki have shed light on the origin of probiotic mechanisms, promoting product development in the food industry. The study found that LGG probiotics have a fundamental role in binding with human intestinal mucus, enabling health-promoting effects.
Fernandez-Valle's research aims to identify proteins that could deliver cancer-fighting drugs to NF2 tumors, potentially improving lifestyles and extending patients' lives. She has established nationally affiliated clinics in Florida, bringing together physicians with expertise in treating the disease.
Researchers at MIT have successfully generated blood vessels near damaged tissue using enhanced stem cells equipped with genes producing growth factors. The breakthrough could lead to new treatments for infarctions and induced blood supply for engineered tissues.
Xiaoqi Liu's research found that cytoplasmic linker protein-170 plays a major role in proper cell duplication and DNA distribution. The absence of this protein can lead to uneven DNA distribution, resulting in cancerous cells. Without proper regulation, cells may become confused, leading to an increased chance of becoming cancerous.
Researchers calculate that adding small amounts of lithium can convert hydrogen to a metal at significantly lower pressures. The study predicts the formation of metallic hydrogen compounds under experimentally accessible pressures.
The center received nearly $40.4 million in grants to support various cancer research projects, including proteomics, colorectal cancer, and cord blood transplantation. The funding is expected to retain and create over 920 jobs, according to the Center president.
Childhood cancer survivors tend to have normal pregnancies and healthy babies, but may experience a higher risk of preterm births and low birth weights. Pregnancies among female partners of male cancer survivors also show an increased risk of preeclampsia associated with certain cancers.
Scientists at the University of York have successfully silenced a gene that appears essential to cancer cell survival, leaving healthy cells unaffected. This discovery suggests that certain genes may be specific to cancer cells, paving the way for the development of new cancer treatments with fewer side effects.
A recent study found that burn injuries in children have decreased by 31% since 1990, but children under six are still at high risk of injury. The majority of injuries occurred in the home and resulted from thermal burns.
Dr. George Whitesides receives the inaugural Dreyfus Prize in the Chemical Sciences for his pioneering work in materials chemistry. He has developed innovative methods for creating new materials that have significantly advanced the field of chemistry and its societal benefits.
Super Typhoon Melor's massive size was captured by NASA satellites on October 5, showing its strong winds and towering clouds. The storm is forecast to weaken as it interacts with cooler waters and a baroclinic boundary, before potentially affecting Tokyo and the surrounding region.
Researchers analyzed prenatal management and outcomes of infants born at 22-24 weeks' gestation in two time periods. They found that resuscitation efforts increased during the later period, but did not impact mortality rates. Instead, prolonged care contributed to a longer duration of death.
The University of Arizona College of Pharmacy and the Translational Genomics Research Institute have been awarded a $7.5 million grant to establish a comprehensive center for drug discovery and development. The center aims to assemble a team capable of designing and selecting drug candidates to respond quickly to unmet medical needs.
Termites' non-reproductive offspring may have inherited their parents' throne, answering a question posed by Charles Darwin nearly 150 years ago. This new research suggests staying at home could have given these first termites an advantage to become reproducers.
Research published in the European Respiratory Journal found that 32.6% of children born to uncontrolled pregnant asthmatic mothers developed asthma themselves. The study suggests that maternal asthma during pregnancy can affect lung development and increase the likelihood of asthma in later childhood.
The US Chamber of Commerce's annual surveys have been criticized for their inaccuracies and biases, raising concerns about the reliability of their rankings. Theodore Eisenberg's analysis suggests that the surveys may be more of an advocacy tool for tort reform rather than a genuine assessment of state judiciaries.
A new computer program called EFIT-V is being used by European police departments to help witnesses remember and recognize suspects. The software generates multiple faces that evolve based on the witness' memories, increasing identifications of suspects compared to traditional methods.
Merry aims to understand how human rights indicators are created, who develops them, and their impact on governance. Her research focuses on three key indicators: human rights conventions, violence against women, and sex trafficking.
Researchers at San Francisco State University have discovered 7 new glow-in-the-dark mushroom species, including four new species and three new reports of luminescence in existing species. The discoveries, which include species from Belize to Japan, suggest that luminescence evolved at a single point and was later lost by some species.
The Forsyth Institute has received highly competitive Challenge Grants totaling over $6 million from the NIH's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. This funding will support innovative projects addressing various oral health challenges, including inflammation and bone resorption in oral diseases.
Researchers found that a mutated FGFR4 protein is associated with advanced-stage rhabdomyosarcoma and poor survival rates. Targeting this protein may offer new treatment options for individuals with the disease.
A new study published in Canadian Medical Association Journal suggests that air pollution may trigger appendicitis in adults. The research found correlations between high levels of ozone and nitrogen dioxide and the incidence of appendicitis among different age groups and genders.