A recent study published in Johns Hopkins Medicine found that men who gained five or more pounds near the time of their prostate surgery are twice as likely to have a recurrence of their cancer compared with patients whose weight is stable. Physical activity was shown to reduce this risk.
A new study found that child care directors in metropolitan Milwaukee would unnecessarily exclude 57% of children with mild illnesses from care. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Public Health Association have established guidelines to address this issue, but their implementation remains inconsistent.
A study found that patients report 20 times more side effects from depression medication than psychiatrists record in charts. The researchers suggest using a self-administered patient questionnaire to improve recognition of side effects.
Researchers at OHSU have developed a blood test that can identify individuals at risk of heart attacks, including those with normal cholesterol levels. The test measures gamma-prime fibrinogen and has been shown to be effective in predicting coronary artery disease.
A new study suggests that high estrogen levels in men may increase their risk of developing prostate cancer. However, the researchers also found that certain estrogen metabolites may offer a protective benefit against prostate cancer development.
The University of South Florida will train 100 e-ambassadors to help doctors use and adopt electronic health records, improving patient safety and convenience. The initiative aims to bridge the gap in adopting new systems and make EMRs more responsive to physicians.
Researchers found that healthy older adults taking rosuvastatin had fewer heart problems and strokes than those not taking the medication. A high false-positive rate was associated with low-dose CT lung cancer screening, highlighting its potential harms. U.S. News rankings are criticized for relying too heavily on subjective data.
Foreign body airway obstructions are rare but lethal in young children. The study found that nearly 2.5 million US children experience these incidents annually, with up to 2,000 deaths reported.
Researchers at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center found that a high-fat diet during pregnancy increases breast cancer risk not only in daughters but also in their female and male offspring's daughters. The study suggests that pregnant mothers should eat well-balanced diets to potentially reduce the risk of breast cancer in...
Researchers identified LPCAT1 as a key protein in lung surfactant production, essential for air breathing transition in mice. Decreased LPCAT1 expression may underlie fatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants.
A new thesis at the University of Gothenburg reveals that a probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum, has no effect on Salmonella bacteria. Researchers found that the probiotic did not reduce diarrhoea or shorten the duration of infection in patients with Salmonella.
A study found that 10.2% of patients developed anemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, primarily due to iron deficiency. Patients at increased risk included menstruating females and those with marginal ulcers on endoscopy.
A new technology developed at the University of Toronto enables ads to be resized automatically to conform to any web space, maximizing usable website spaces. This innovation could significantly increase revenues for publishers and create new opportunities for advertisers, given the online advertising market's billions-of-dollars worth.
Volunteers in Project BudBurst are tracking plant blooms across the US, providing a baseline for studying climate change impacts. Key findings include some plants blooming earlier than usual, which could be related to rising temperatures.
A new research paper concludes that deterrence can no longer be the primary national cybersecurity strategy due to the unique characteristics of cyberspace. Experts propose a three-tiered approach to guide US strategy in responding to cyber threats, emphasizing war-fighting and offense-defense frameworks to contain damage and reduce harm.
A research team from Japan has discovered that inhibiting IGF-IR activity decreases proliferation and motility of pancreatic cancer cell lines. This finding suggests a potential new approach for treating pancreatic cancer.
The Block by Block project aims to educate residents about diabetes, increase early diagnosis and provide resources to improve medical care and self-management for 13,000 adults. The four-year project includes household screenings, educational programs, and a case management program to help residents with diabetes organize their care.
Researchers have identified SphK1 and SphK2 as crucial proteins involved in generating the molecule S1P, which affects blood vessels and the immune system. Mice lacking these proteins showed improved recovery from anaphylaxis, while those lacking only SphK1 recovered poorly.
Deaf children with cochlear implants show improved communication skills, reducing grade failures and delays in reading and writing. Despite initial struggles, they achieve satisfactory educational and employment successes after implantation.
A study found that patients with mild to moderate acne who underwent remote online visits had a similar decrease in inflammatory acne lesions as those who visited their dermatologist's office. Both groups reported high levels of satisfaction with their care.
Researchers found that a Mediterranean diet high in phenols represses pro-inflammatory genes, which could contribute to reduced cardiovascular disease risk. The study also suggests that this diet can alter the activity of immune system cells, leading to a less deleterious inflammatory profile.
A new book by NASA climatologist Claire Parkinson examines the coming climate crisis, drawing on 4.6 billion years of Earth's climate history. The book highlights the limitations of computer models and warns of unintended consequences of geoengineering, instead advocating for alternative approaches to reduce climate change.
Virginia Commonwealth University researchers identified a new tumor-promoting gene called LSF, which is significantly higher in more than 90% of patients with liver cancer compared to healthy individuals. Inhibiting LSF may reverse the aggressive properties of human liver cancer cells.
A new tobacco product with a candy-like appearance and flavorings may increase appeal to young people, leading to nicotine addiction. Researchers found that ingestion of as little as 1mg of nicotine can cause severe symptoms in children, posing a significant public health risk.
Researchers at Lund University and the University of Gothenburg have discovered a breast milk component, HAMLET, that selectively kills cancer cells without harming healthy ones. Laboratory experiments have shown HAMLET to be effective against various types of cancer.
A Phase I clinical trial demonstrated early signs of a strong safety profile and clinical activity for BBI608, a first-in-class cancer cell stemness inhibitor. Nine patients achieved stable disease for at least two months with early signs of tumor regression.
A study found that grotesque juxtapositions in fashion ads are more effective at grabbing attention than traditionally attractive images. Women who regularly read fashion magazines approached such ads as a type of fiction, immersing themselves in the narrative and exploring its creative elements.
A recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology reports successful treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) and Crohn's disease using infliximab. The therapy improved colonic lesions and overall condition without compromising lung function, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect on both colon and lung.
A new biosensor can measure real-time glutamate flux of neural cells in a living organism, providing valuable data for neurological diseases and treatments. The sensor's versatility would be valuable for understanding the effects of therapies for various conditions.
A blood test and DNA analysis accurately predict which men with low-grade prostate cancers may need treatment, say Johns Hopkins scientists. The prostate health index and DNA content in biopsy tissue can detect the progression of small prostate cancers.
Researchers investigated how defects in graphene affect its electronic properties. They found that surface quality plays a crucial role in controlling plasmons, which could be harnessed for future technical applications.
The study found that about two-thirds of couples showed significant clinical improvement after therapy, and the integrative therapy approach was more effective than traditional therapy. Couples who started therapy committed to improving their relationship and were willing to work on themselves
Researchers are developing tools to tackle complex problems in logistics planning, resource allocation and circuit design. By combining techniques from mathematics, statistics and computer science, they aim to create more efficient delivery systems for the Air Force.
Researchers developed a two-step screening strategy to identify small molecules that bind to TrkB but not other related proteins. These compounds have shown promising therapeutic potential in treating neurodegenerative conditions by activating TrkB signaling and preventing neuronal degeneration.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have isolated an engineered antibody, GS45, that targets the Müllerian Inhibiting Substance Type II Receptor on ovarian cancer cells. This unique target is scarce in normal tissue, reducing the risk of side effects associated with traditional targeted therapies.
Researchers have found that olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplanted into children and adolescents with cerebral palsy can improve neurological function without causing significant side effects. The study suggests OEC transplantation may be a promising treatment for this incurable disorder.
Jerry Posakony, scientist at PNNL, received the AAES John Fritz Medal for his groundbreaking work in ultrasonics and medical diagnostics. His research enabled physicians to visualize internal body structures, significantly advancing medical diagnosis.
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic found that people with higher vitamin K intakes from their diet had a lower risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Vitamin K intake was estimated from a food questionnaire and was associated with a significant protective effect against the disease.
Researchers found that ischemic preconditioning increases arterial blood flow while portal vein flow remains unaffected, suggesting a new strategy to reduce I/R injury. The study also suggests temporary occlusion of the portal vein may help avoid complications during liver surgery.
Researchers have identified small molecules that bind to TrkB, a protein involved in nerve cell survival, and demonstrated their potential in treating neurodegenerative conditions. Additionally, a new compound has been found to prevent anaphylactic shock by targeting the SphK1-S1P pathway, which may lead to the development of new thera...
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research reveals that different psychological processes drive consumer preferences, with 'projection' (predicting others' likes) and 'introjection' (considering others' preferences before one's own) underlying distinct motivations. Consumers who value uniqueness are more likely to like products ot...
The Wellcome Trust extends its Seeding Drug Discovery initiative with a £110 million investment over five years. This support enables the progression of promising drug discovery projects to attract follow-on investors and develop novel medicines.
Researchers have evaluated a blood test that identifies patients with low-grade, low-stage prostate cancer who are at risk of needing treatment. The study found that a biomarker called Prostate Health Index was significant in predicting unfavorable biopsy conversion.
Researchers developed a novel statistical model to guide targeted therapies based on molecular signatures in tumor biopsies, showing promising results in treating stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. The study found that four drugs targeting specific molecular pathways led to improved disease control and overall survival.
Researchers have developed a microbial fuel cell that can generate electricity from mud and wastewater using the tiny Geobacter microbe, which uses its hair-like extensions to produce power. The technology has potential applications in powering autonomous underwater vehicles and tracking ocean life.
A large study found that consuming well-done meat increases the likelihood of developing bladder cancer, especially in people with genetic variants. The risk was higher for those who ate high amounts of red meat and had unfavorable genotypes in the HCA metabolism pathway.
Researchers at UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered four microRNA biomarkers that predict patient survival in colorectal cancer, with differences in outcomes between Caucasian and African-American patients.
Researchers successfully delivered paclitaxel using magnetically guided nanoparticles to treat rat arteries, achieving better results at lower doses than conventional therapy. The technique has potential for treating patients with vascular disease and offers opportunities for varying treatment doses and repetition.
Bionanotechnology at Florida State University has significant applications in medicine, manufacturing, and more. The institution's cutting-edge research utilizes Dip-Pen Nanolithography to create biometamaterials with potential for diagnosis and analysis.
Scientists discovered that chicken antibodies from vaccinated hens can prevent H5N1 and H1N1 infections in mice, raising hope for an affordable and effective alternative to control influenza outbreaks.
Scientists have confirmed that ovale malaria is caused by two distinct but similar species of parasite. The discovery was made using DNA technology, revealing the parasite's unique characteristics and potential impact on global health.
A new study from Fox Chase Cancer Center suggests that levels of ERCC1 offer a predictive marker of survival in squamous carcinoma of the head and neck. Low ERCC1 levels were associated with increased survival from adjuvant therapy, providing support for personalized medicine in these cancers.
A study published in Archives of Surgery found that patients undergoing colon surgery have increased odds of death if performed at a teaching hospital. Teaching hospitals often have lower volumes and may employ less experienced surgeons for benign procedures compared to complex cancer surgeries.
Researchers at Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft are developing wheel hub motors for electric vehicles, offering improved efficiency, reduced mechanical wear, and enhanced drive dynamics. The technology, already tested on the Frecc0 concept car, aims to support the German automotive industry's transition to electromobility.
Researchers found that MiRNA-21 interferes with trastuzumab (Herceptin) therapy by blocking the PTEN gene, leading to tumor suppressor loss and increased resistance to the drug. Overexpression of miRNA-21 was correlated with poor patient response to Herceptin and disease progression in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
A recent study found that a gene variant associated with the COMT gene may help protect against decline in cognitive function among older adults. The Val variant showed a protective effect on thinking skills, outperforming those without the variant by up to 45%.
A new study reveals that modern-day Chinese pigs are directly descended from ancient pigs domesticated 10,000 years ago. The research found a difference between pig domestication patterns in Europe and East Asia, with no incorporation of wild boar into domestic stocks in China.
Researchers have discovered that the jet stream caps volcanic ash clouds at a certain atmospheric level, halting their rise. New tracking methods could provide more accurate estimates of where ash clouds will travel, helping pilots avoid them.
Swift has detected over 6,000 GRBs, with a 75% share of recorded bursts, offering insights into massive star deaths and the universe's structure. The spacecraft has also monitored black holes and neutron stars for high-energy radiation and conducted long-term X-ray surveys.
Using productive farmland to grow crops for food instead of fuel is more energy efficient, according to a new study by MSU scientists. No-till production was found to be the most energy-efficient system for growing grain for food or fuel production.
A study by UCLA researchers found that nearly half of US adults with European ancestry carry the FTO gene variant, which is associated with weight gain but also linked to brain tissue loss. The findings suggest that individuals carrying this gene allele are at risk for a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's and dementia.
A study of 10,514 children found that 6.6% were infected with the fungus Trichophyton tonsurans, which can lead to permanent hair loss and worsen asthma and allergic rhinitis. Infection rates varied by age and race, with African American kids at highest risk.
A study of 145 patients with branch duct IPMN found that prognosis depends on presence of intra- or extra-pancreatic cancer. This suggests it's essential to assess for these conditions when examining IPMN patients.
A new study found that consumers who choose between equally appealing options build a positivity bubble to justify their decisions. However, this bubble is easily burst by minor negative information, leading to potential dissatisfaction in the long run.
A genetic test identifies a specific gene variant that affects how statins control both colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease risk. The study found that statins have more benefit for reducing both colorectal cancer risk and cholesterol in the gene's long version.
Advances in DNA vaccine technology have led to improved efficacy and effectiveness compared to traditional vaccines. New approaches in electroporation and vector design are driving growth in the field, with several promising therapeutic vaccines being developed.
A new study found that dark-colored plastic mulches, particularly black and blue, increase early and total okra yields. The use of row covers also enhances plant growth, but may reduce early yields due to high air temperatures.
Patients who receive audiotapes of their pre-surgery consultations exhibit higher knowledge scores, greater sense of control, and lower levels of anxiety and depression. The audiotaped recordings facilitate patients' recall of information and satisfaction levels, particularly among elderly patients.
A recent study found that consumers in conflict are more likely to accept compromise alternatives and defer decisions, leading to unintended choices. The researchers identified two types of regulatory goals: those focused on gains and those focused on losses, which affect decision-making.
Researchers found a molecular link between genetic mutations and type 1 diabetes, identifying a critical new target for intervention. The study's findings suggest a way to break 'tolerance' in the immune system, potentially leading to novel antibody or small molecule therapies.
A research team investigated S1P receptor expression profiles in human esophageal cancer cells, finding that S1P5 inhibits cell proliferation and migration. This study suggests that S1P5 or its associated signaling molecules may serve as a future biotherapy strategy for esophageal cancer.
The MODIS instrument on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites captured daily visible and infrared imagery of the ash plume from Eyjafjallajokull volcano. The ash cloud consisted of fine particles of pulverized rock, posing a rare but potentially catastrophic hazard to aviation.
Researchers found that both good and evil actions improve physical strength after a task, as people perceive those who do good to have more efficacy and willpower. This effect suggests that moral deeds can transform individuals into exceptional performers.
Paleontologists have discovered a new bony-skulled dinosaur species, Texacephale langstoni, in Big Bend National Park, Texas. The plant-eating dinosaur lived 70-80 million years ago and had a distinctive solid bone lump on its skull.
A study in Canadian Medical Association Journal found new immigrants, especially women and those of South Asian or African descent, have a higher risk of diabetes than long-term residents. Lifestyle interventions and targeted educational programs for recent immigrants are recommended to mitigate this risk.
Researchers are working on new parts, an electric demonstration model, and a networked battery system to address challenges in electromobility. The goal is to provide maximum capacity, energy efficiency, and reliability for electric vehicles.
A 21-month study found that incoming raw poultry is the primary source of Listeria monocytogenes contamination in commercial chicken cooking plants. The research team tracked sources of contamination, including employees, fresh air, and the surrounding environment, and found that floor drains were consistently positive for the bacteria.
Researchers have discovered a new species of bacterium, Endoxenoturbella lovénii, found only in the Gullmarsfjord north of Gothenburg. The bacterium is an endosymbiotic prokaryote living in the gut of a unique marine worm called Xenoturbella.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism found that modest weight loss can reverse many of the damaging changes seen in immune cells of obese people. This reversal is achieved through an 80% reduction of pro-inflammatory T-helper cells and reduced activation of other circulating immune cells.
A recent study suggests that indoor tanning facilities may be associated with addiction-like behavior, including anxiety symptoms and increased substance use. The research found that individuals who frequently tan indoors were more likely to meet criteria for tanning addiction and report symptoms of anxiety.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have found evidence that the basal ganglia and cerebellum are linked together to form an integrated functional network. This discovery has important implications for understanding Parkinson's disease and dystonia, and may lead to new treatment approaches.
Researchers found that metformin decreases insulin levels and inhibits tumor growth in mice exposed to tobacco carcinogens. Metformin reduced lung tumor burden by 40-72% in treated mice.
A new study examines why brand extensions succeed or fail, highlighting the impact of competitive brands on consumer preferences. The research reveals that when a parent brand is perceived as familiar in an extension product category, it can actually lead to poorer performance.
Parkin and PINK1 genes play a critical role in Parkinson's disease. The study found that PINK1 is rapidly degraded under healthy conditions, but its accumulation stabilizes at low membrane potential. Parkin is recruited to mitochondria with low potential to dispose of damaged organelles.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified several small molecules that mimic the key protein BDNF, which plays a crucial role in memory and learning. The discovery could lead to new therapies for various brain disorders such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and depression.
Researchers identified age greater than 70 years as a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer in female patients taking low-dose aspirin. The study suggests a future strategy for prevention of LDA-associated gastroduodenal mucosal injury. A history of peptic ulcer was also found to be the risk factor common to both sexes.
Scientists have discovered that Rho GDI1 plays a crucial role in balancing the levels of other Rho proteins, which are involved in cell migration, proliferation, and death. This finding may lead to new therapies targeting the balance of these proteins to prevent cancer.
A blood test measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) levels may help assess colon cancer risk, according to a Vanderbilt University Medical Center study. High CRP levels were found to be associated with a 2.5-times greater risk of colon cancer in women.
Researchers studied how older adults (64-80 years) interact with email systems, finding they primarily use it for communication within a restricted social circle. The study identified key factors influencing email design, including user independence and simplified interfaces, to improve accessibility for this demographic.
Research suggests statin use may increase risk of developing benign colorectal tumors. The analysis found no benefit in tumor growth among patients using statins compared to those who never used them.
Research found a significant relationship between campus green space use and quality of life in undergraduate students. In contrast, graduate students reported high perceptions of quality of life despite lower use of campus green spaces, possibly due to factors like relationships or academic achievements. The study suggests that intera...
A new disorder linked to heart problems has been discovered, characterized by an inability to form initial sugar molecules, leading to energy crisis and cardiac arrest. The study reveals that muscle cells can adjust and find alternative ways to source energy, but a cure is not yet available.
A new study published in the International Journal of Circumpolar Health found that Inuit preschoolers in Nunavut are heavier but just as tall as their US counterparts. The study, which surveyed 26% of three to five year olds in 16 Nunavut communities, shows a remarkable change from previous work on Inuit infants.
A meta-analysis published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology suggests that probiotics are an auxiliary medicine for inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. The study concluded that probiotics should be considered as a treatment option for this chronic disease.
Researchers have discovered a link between stress, anxiety, and metabolic changes that can lead to type 2 diabetes. The study found that increasing the activity of a single gene in the brain causes mice to exhibit anxious behavior and develop symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Cardiff University have successfully conducted experiments with photons, showing that pairs increase oscillation frequency and agreeing with theoretical predictions. The findings have long-term implications for information technology, including the potential to build logical systems based on quantum interactions.
A study found that circulating lymphocyte depletion is a characteristic of human severe and necrotizing acute pancreatitis. Serum interleukin-6 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations are also key predictors of disease severity and complications.
The new tactile learning book 'Touch the Earth' will be presented by NASA at the Earth Day Celebration on the National Mall. The book teaches middle school students about Earth's biomes using multimedia approaches, including sound, visual aids, and Braille. It aims to improve accessibility in science education.
A study by Henry Ford Health System found that secondhand smoke exposure increases the risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis, a common health condition affecting over 39 million people in the US. Exposure to secondhand smoke at home, public places, and private social settings significantly increased the risk.
A study of 306 non-smoking patients found that those exposed to secondhand smoke at home, work, and social functions had a higher risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis. Approximately 40% of cases were attributed to secondhand smoke exposure, highlighting the need for eliminating this public health problem.
A new study finds that ethnic groups in Ontario have distinct cardiovascular risk profiles, with Chinese having the lowest prevalence of heart disease (3.2%) and South Asians having the highest (5.2%). Smoking and obesity are more prevalent among white populations, while diabetes and hypertension affect South Asians and black populatio...
People who think more abstractly respond better to mixed emotions ads, which portray conflicting feelings. The researchers found that age and culture affect people's ability to think abstractly, with elderly and Asian subjects thinking more abstractly.