A special issue of Yale's Journal of Industrial Ecology examines innovative ICT applications for energy efficiency, smart irrigation, and carbon reduction. The research assesses the environmental impacts of ICT and entertainment sectors, estimating their net environmental impact and potential for reducing carbon emissions.
The University of Miami College of Engineering is developing a self-sustaining water system for 20 students using new technologies to reduce energy and water demands. The project aims to promote sustainable development by treating wastewater as a resource, reducing the need for centralized treatment plants.
A recent study by Pia Knuthsen and colleagues found no significant differences in polyphenol content between organically and conventionally grown onions, carrots, and potatoes. The researchers analyzed antioxidants from the three vegetables using conventional and organic methods.
Researchers find that methyl labels determine a bee's fate from food intake, influencing gene expression and potentially linked to human cancer. They identified 550 genes with differences between queens and workers, offering insights into epigenetic regulation.
Scientists have found that large volcanic eruptions tend to dry up central Asia but bring more rain to southeast Asian countries. This contradicts climate models' predictions and highlights the complex interactions between natural and manmade forces.
Researchers have identified a promising medical therapy to help overcome the brain's limited capacity for recovery after a stroke. By studying tonic inhibition in mice, they found that blocking this inhibitory brain chemical can improve behavioral recovery after stroke.
Gladstone scientists discovered a process by which Alzheimer's disease spreads through the brain, starting in vulnerable regions like the entorhinal cortex. The study suggests targeting this region could be an effective therapeutic approach.
A new report highlights the potential benefits of nanomaterials in construction, including improved strength, durability, and energy efficiency. However, concerns about adverse health and environmental effects also exist, emphasizing the need for guidelines to regulate their use.
Researchers used selective breeding of mice to identify a novel gene, AK005651, associated with type 1 diabetes susceptibility. A recombination hotspot helped stack the DNA deck in favor of finding this gene, revealing new clues about genomic mechanisms underlying T1D.
Researchers have developed a holographic system that can transmit near-real-time 3D images using a novel photorefractive polymer. The system can refresh images every two seconds, making it faster than previous versions by over 100 times.
A purified form of a modified sugar chain called COAM is shown to enhance early-stage immune defenses in mice against deadly virus infections. The compound speeds the response of white blood cells at the early stage of infection, almost completely blocking the killer virus.
A new study reveals that volunteering helps adults with functional limitations live longer by alleviating a sense of diminished usefulness. Older adults who volunteered were found to have lower mortality rates compared to those without such limitations.
Lyme disease expert Dr. Richard Ostfeld assesses the ecological factors contributing to its expanding range, shifting focus from deer to white-footed mice as critical hosts for black-legged ticks. He recommends steps to prevent Lyme disease expansion and highlights links between land-use planning and biodiversity loss.
The use of graphics processing units (GPUs) is accelerating the simulation of molecule movement, reducing processing times from years to months for the development of new drugs. Chemists are embracing this technology to streamline computations and accelerate discovery.
Astronomers have confirmed that Hanny's Voorwerp is a large cloud of glowing gas illuminated by the light from a quasar, which has since burned out. The team found that the quasar lighting up the gas took up to 70,000 years to travel through space.
Researchers found that when damage occurs in the prefrontal cortex, intact areas of the brain can take over lost functions, such as memory, and only activate when needed. This suggests that memory is not stored in one specific region but rather distributed throughout the brain's neural network.
A recent study by Dr. Michael Cusimano found that existing headgear and mouth guards are ineffective in preventing concussions in rugby players, but educational injury prevention programs and rule changes can significantly reduce injuries.
Scientists at Boyce Thompson Institute have used RNAseq to track gene expression in maize leaves, revealing that entire suites of genes are turned on and off as the leaf develops. The study provides an unprecedented view of the genetic circuitry of the leaf and has significant implications for agriculture and bioenergy.
A US Department of Agriculture scientist has identified at least six psyllid species in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas, which are suspected to spread citrus greening disease. The psyllids were found on various trees, including torchwood and persimmon, which surround citrus groves.
A new study suggests that bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, reduces disease severity and inflammation in an animal model of inflammatory arthritis. The drug promotes bone healing and displays favorable effects in targeting critical cell populations involved in the development of RA.
A new study analyzing four extremely bright gamma-ray bursts observed by NASA's Fermi satellite suggests that these events are likely powered by black holes rather than neutron stars. The analysis found that the remnant of a long-duration burst is most likely a black hole, as it cannot produce enough energy to power a magnetar.
Research from Concordia University suggests a link between adolescent stress and the development of mood disorders such as depression or bipolar disorder in adulthood. High cortisol levels in adolescence have been found to persist into young adulthood, doubling the risk for developing a serious mood disorder.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that there is significant variation in prescription spending across hospital-referral regions in the US. Despite high spending, some areas still prescribe unnecessary medications to seniors, leading to complications and increased healthcare costs.
Researchers found that CLL patients with insufficient vitamin D levels progressed faster, were twice as likely to die, and had shorter survival times. Vitamin D supplements may offer a way to slow leukemia progression.
Researchers used PET scans to image aromatase, an enzyme responsible for estrogen production, in the human brain. The study found that aromatase is concentrated in unique regions, differing from animal studies.
A recent study found a decline in unnecessary care for prostate cancer patients not likely to benefit from treatment after Medicare policy changes reduced reimbursement. In contrast, patients with clear benefits from the therapy continued to receive it at the same rate.
Researchers found E. coli can survive and contaminate lettuce and radish plants grown in manure-treated fields. Harvesting produce at least 40 days after planting can minimize the risk of contamination.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that specific chromosome imbalances in plants can lead to predictable physical defects. The team used polyploid and aneuploid plants to identify easily measured characteristics associated with imbalanced chromosomes, offering insights into correcting genetic defects.
A new study combining stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with chemotherapy Cetuximab effectively controls and treats recurrent head and neck cancers. The regimen reduces treatment time while minimizing debilitating side effects.
A recent study found that 46% of US travelers to resource-limited countries did not seek health advice or vaccinations before departure. This highlights the need for better education and resources on public health risks associated with global travel.
Researchers have discovered two new compounds that target neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype α3β4* to treat both alcohol and nicotine dependence. The compounds significantly decreased alcohol consumption in rodents without affecting their sucrose intake.
Researchers used Canada's national centre for synchrotron research to build a high-resolution model of the ryanodine receptor. This sheds new light on life-threatening congenital heart conditions and could lead to developing new treatments to prevent calcium leakage.
Researchers at UCLA used brain imaging and genetic detective work to illustrate how genetic variants alter the brain, behavior, and learning. The discovery could lead to earlier detection of autism and targeted therapies to rebalance brain function.
The Central Appalachians Stable Isotope Facility (CASIF) was established to study environmental changes using stable isotopes. Researchers now have access to a state-of-the-art instrument for analyzing materials such as water, pollen, and soils.
Researchers at MIT have genetically engineered periwinkle plants to produce unnatural variants of their usual alkaloid products, which could lead to more effective cancer treatments. The team successfully attached halogens to vinblastine precursors using bacterial genes, expanding the plant's pharmaceutical repertoire.
A new study finds that older adults wearing multifocal contact lenses may have slower driving speeds at night and reduced ability to recognize road hazards compared to those using progressive addition glasses. However, they can still see road signs at a shorter distance.
A phase I clinical trial at University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found an antibody loaded with an anti-cancer agent produced complete or partial remissions in 38 percent of patients with relapsed or therapy-resistant Hodgkin lymphoma.
Toronto-area high schools will receive training on a quick and inexpensive CPR method, which can quadruple survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. The innovative program aims to raise bystander CPR rates and expand its use among friends and relatives.
Stevens Institute of Technology has received an NSF grant to acquire a Nanoimprint Lithography System, enhancing its research and educational capabilities in nanotechnology. The new equipment will support high-throughput nanoscale patterning and hands-on experience for students in the Nanotechnology Graduate Program.
Researchers found that nerve cell activity regulates balance between stem cells and mature nerve cells in the developing brain. The study suggests that abnormal brain activity may have long-lasting effects on brain development and could lead to new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
A recent study reveals significant variation in coumarin levels among Cassia cinnamon samples, with powder containing up to 63 times more coumarin than Ceylon cinnamon. Researchers highlight the need for further research to identify factors influencing coumarin levels and potentially allow for lower-coumarin harvesting.
University of Missouri researchers are developing a virtual database to store, search, and review information on lymphedema treatment. The system aims to improve patient health by providing timely access to evidence-based research. Lymphedema is a chronic condition affecting physical, mental, and social health in breast cancer survivors.
Weill Cornell Medical College researchers discovered secondary mutations in prostate cancer cells that make them lethal. This finding could lead to better tests and individualized therapy for deadly prostate cancers.
Researchers discover that meltwater flowing through ice sheet interiors can warm the ice rapidly, accelerating its response to climate change. This faster-than-expected process could increase ice flows on ice sheets much faster than previously thought.
The MiniBooNE experiment has confirmed the existence of a fourth flavor of neutrino, violating the fundamental symmetry of matter and antimatter. The discovery could explain the composition of the universe and potentially help resolve dark matter.
Researchers found a Japanese asthma drug can stop the spread of breast cancer cells and reduce tumour growth by 50%. Tranilast targets a molecule in cancer cells that binds to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, making it beneficial for treating allergies, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.
Researchers at UCLA have created a three-dimensional structural model of the RNA core domain of the telomerase enzyme, which plays a critical role in cancer cell immortality. The new model provides insights into how telomerase functions and could lead to new approaches for treating diseases associated with telomerase activity.
A study by Harvard University psychologists found that bilingual individuals' opinions of ethnic groups were affected by the language they spoke. The researchers used the Implicit Association Test to show that language can create and shape implicit attitudes, challenging the view that attitudes are stable.
Researchers at HZB observed exotic behavior in beryllium oxide when bombarded with high-speed heavy ions, causing electrons to forget material properties. The results show changes in electronic structure and ultra-fast melting processes around the firing line of the heavy ions.
Three papers were selected for the inaugural Contraception Article Award for their exceptional quality and impact on the field of family planning. The awarded articles cover topics such as bone mineral density recovery after contraceptive use, medical abortion follow-up, and postpartum intrauterine contraception cost-effectiveness.
Researchers found that gopher tortoises released earlier were three times more likely to produce offspring, suggesting a social hierarchy's impact on breeding patterns. Introducing females instead of males or increasing female numbers could lead to successful population augmentation.
Scientists have developed transparent thin films capable of absorbing light and generating electric charge over large areas. The material combines elements for light harvesting and electric charge transport, enabling potential applications in energy-generating solar windows and transparent solar panels.
A study of Amish individuals found a rare mitochondrial haplogroup X associated with successful aging, while another haplogroup J had a negative association. The research suggests that genetic variants may play a role in maintaining physical and cognitive function in older age.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered that female boa constrictors can reproduce asexually, producing all-female babies with rare genetic traits. The study found that these WW-chromosome females retained their mother's color mutation and lacked any male influence.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a technique to culture normal and cancerous prostate tissue for up to a week, enabling accurate predictions of how living tissues respond to therapy. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of individualized medicines for prostate cancer patients.
Thay Q. Lee will receive $1.4 million to support his research on the biomechanics of flexing and kneeling in veterans with total knee arthroplasty. His work aims to improve quality of life for injured veterans and others.
Researchers discovered that cell membranes behave as viscoelastic materials, bouncing back like rubber when quickly perturbed. This finding challenges the long-held notion of biological membranes being simple Newtonian fluids.
Researchers at the Allen Institute have published a comprehensive study on the effects of sleep deprivation on gene expression in the mouse brain. The findings reveal novel genes and brain areas affected by sleep deprivation, providing potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
The NSF grant will enhance existing cybersecurity curricula and expand the laboratory for hands-on instruction. The initiative aims to address a growing need for 10,000-30,000 cybersecurity professionals in the US.
A new gamma-ray detector, Polaris, can pinpoint and show the exact location of radiation sources, unlike conventional detectors. It provides a real-time image of the radiation source, allowing inspectors to navigate towards it with precision.
Tropical Storm Tomas has weakened into a tropical depression due to decreased convection and increased wind shear. Forecasters predict a re-intensification of the storm into a hurricane before it reaches Haiti late Friday.
Scientists and engineers are using supercomputer models to simulate the universe's first stars, galaxies, and planets. Custom tools transform vast data into cinematic experiences, revealing insights into cosmic evolution and star formation.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have found a combination therapy that is more effective than traditional treatments and can kill cancer cells without harming surrounding tissues. By targeting BCL6 and EP300, they were able to suppress and eradicate human DLBCL in mice.
Chronic kidney disease patients who don't adhere to high blood pressure medications are more likely to have sub-optimal blood pressure control. Improving medication adherence can greatly improve outcomes for these patients.
Researchers have developed a simple blood test to diagnose Niemann-Pick type C disease, which can help patients begin treatment earlier. The test targets oxidized forms of cholesterol that are present in higher levels in NPC patients, distinguishing them from other conditions.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have fabricated transparent thin films capable of absorbing light and generating electric charge. The semiconducting polymer-fullerene material, which forms a honeycomb pattern, has potential for large-scale energy-generating solar windows or optical displays.
A University of Minnesota researcher found that public support for the HPV vaccine decreases when linked to controversy in the media. In contrast, support for other vaccines remains stable, suggesting a need for responsible reporting on health policies.
The VITAL study found that paricalcitol reduced residual albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy, particularly those with high dietary sodium intake. The study suggests that paricalcitol could be an important adjunctive treatment for kidney protection in resistant diabetes patients.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured an infrared image of Tropical Storm Anggrek's cold thunderstorms tightly circling its center. The storm is expected to steadily weaken and dissipate as it encounters cooler waters and stronger wind shear.
The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) has awarded 7 MARC travel grants totaling $12,950 to support underrepresented minority students and postdoctorates at the 2010 ASHG Annual Meeting. The awards promote diversity in biomedical research and encourage young scientists' participation.
A team at the University of Arizona has developed a new type of holographic telepresence that can project three-dimensional, moving images in real-time. This breakthrough technology enables applications such as telemedicine, advertising, and entertainment to take on new levels.
Scientists developed a built-in timer to improve the accuracy of paper-based diagnostic tests for diseases. The device uses a dye and wax mixture with a color change signal, achieving 97% accuracy in a glucose test, compared to 90% with a stopwatch.
Researchers found that meditation training is associated with greater telomerase activity, a key indicator of cellular health. Participants showed improvements in stress coping, mindfulness, and purpose, which were linked to higher telomerase levels.
A recent study reveals that LGBTQ youth in secondary schools are at a high risk of bullying and harassment, compromising their emotional and behavioral health. The authors recommend policy changes and strategies to foster safer school environments for all students.
Researchers found that early humans developed relatively advanced tools only after their brains evolved a greater capacity for complex thought, according to a new study. The team used computer modeling and sensors embedded in gloves to assess the complex hand skills required for tool-making during the Lower Palaeolithic period.
A 20,000-year-old reversal of the Atlantic Ocean's circulation occurred during an ice age, influenced by changes in salt balance and deep convection. The new study's findings offer valuable insights for calibrating ocean and climate models to predict future changes.
Researchers found that 98% of the US population lives within 60 minutes of a hospice provider, suggesting access is not a barrier to enrollment. However, more research is needed to determine why many patients and families avoid hospice care at end-of-life.
The TRMM satellite tracked Tomas' center of circulation reforming on Nov. 3 after being downgraded to a tropical depression the previous day. Maximum sustained winds remain at 35 mph as Tomas is expected to strengthen into a tropical storm, producing heavy rain accumulation in Haiti.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a new virus in switchgrass that can cause mosaic and yellow streak symptoms, reducing photosynthesis and biomass yield. The virus, Marafivirus, is related to Maize rayado fino virus and has the potential to affect other crops.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that customers who participate in firm-sponsored surveys after a service experience may delay their next purchase. However, the study also found that these surveys can have net positive effects on customer behavior over time.
Researchers have developed Meta-flex, a flexible smart material that can cloak objects from visible light. The breakthrough resolves two major challenges in creating such materials.
Researchers found that etanercept treatment significantly increased mean height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) percentiles in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Growth improvements were observed in both etanercept alone and combined with methotrexate treatments.