A new US study links larger waist sizes to significantly higher diabetes rates among American adults compared to their English peers. The research suggests that waist circumference, rather than traditional risk factors like obesity, poses a substantial health risk for Americans, particularly women.
A new study by the University of Leeds predicts that climate change will lead to more frequent and severe crop failures globally. However, the researchers suggest that adopting new crops that are more resilient to heat and water stress, combined with improved farming practices, can help mitigate these effects.
Researchers at Notre Dame have discovered that certain bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can move and stand upright on surfaces for extended periods. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding bacterial behavior and potentially developing new treatments for infections.
A new Stanford study reveals that nearly 40% of patients with eating disorders also engage in self-injurious behavior, such as cutting and burning. The researchers stress the need for universal screening to catch these cases, which may be underdiagnosed due to inadequate clinical screening.
The NSF grant funds the acquisition of a Nanonex 1000 Nanoimprint Lithography System, which will strengthen high-throughput nanoscale patterning research at Stevens. The system will provide hands-on experience to students in the Nanotechnology Graduate Program and undergraduates alike.
African Americans tend to favor their own race and identify with it more than whites, but this difference is reversed when non-conscious feelings are considered. Both groups experience positive gut feelings about themselves.
A low-cost spectrometer built with a cell phone can help high school students grasp chemistry concepts. By analyzing light spectra, students learn about material properties and critical thinking skills.
A new tool has been developed to tackle tuberculosis by integrating genomic and metabolic data, enabling cell-scale simulations and biological strain design. The probabilistic regulation of metabolism (PROM) algorithm accurately predicts knockout phenotypes 95% of the time, paving the way for targeted research during dormancy.
Dr. Noam Shomron's new method uses genetic expression of microRNAs to optimize individual patient care and predict adverse drug effects, leading to safer and more effective treatment options.
Researchers trick Staphylococcus aureus bacteria into embedding foreign small molecules within their cell walls by manipulating an enzyme. This discovery could lead to novel therapeutics and real-time monitoring of diseases.
A new study finds that Bt corn provides significant economic benefits to neighboring farmers by reducing pest management costs and improving grain quality. The researchers estimate cumulative economic benefits of nearly $7 billion between 1996-2009, with benefits of over $4 billion for non-Bt corn farmers.
Common frog populations across the UK are experiencing dramatic population crashes due to Ranavirus infection, with an average 81% decline in adult frogs over a 12-year period. The research also suggests that some frogs may have immunity to the disease, offering hope for their long-term future.
University of Colorado Cancer Center researcher Chuan-Yuan Li and his team have discovered that caspase genes, known as 'grim-reaper' genes, are the gatekeepers that allow differentiated adult cells to regress to undifferentiated stem-like cells. This breakthrough discovery could lead to more efficient use of induced pluripotent stem c...
Stroke prevention in developing countries is crucial due to rising rates of the condition, which accounts for around 10% of global deaths. Implementing preventative screenings and treatments could save millions of lives and contribute to poverty reduction.
Researchers propose that Enceladus' libration, a slight wobble as it rotates, could be responsible for generating heat and keeping its ocean liquid. This finding is significant in the search for life, as it suggests that the moon's environment may be stable enough to support development.
Researchers have developed electromechanical switches that can withstand twice the heat as transistors, enabling computers to operate in extreme temperatures. The switches, made from silicon carbide and nanotechnology, perform better than transistors at high temperatures and have no discernible leakage.
Researchers at the University of Zurich studied soccer fans' neural responses to ingroup and outgroup suffering, finding that brain regions associated with empathy for others' pain are activated when witnessing an ingroup suffer. This correlates with a greater willingness to help, whereas watching an outgroup suffer leads to decreased ...
The journal provides global coverage of data protection and privacy issues, spanning scholarship and practice. It aims to solidify the position of data protection and privacy law as a central area of importance for individuals, economies, and new technologies.
A study published in Cancer Research found that melanoma cells can use the body's immune system, specifically neutrophils, to control lung metastasis development. By disrupting the interaction between cancer cells and neutrophils, a therapy could decrease lung metastases by about 50 percent.
A new study from the University of Minnesota found that genetically modified Bt corn reduces pest losses in both transgenic and non-transgenic corn. The study found that areawide suppression of European corn borer populations resulted in estimated annual losses of $1 billion, but also benefited non-Bt corn by 28-73% in neighboring states.
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School Medicine discovered a three-way control mechanism for fetal heart cell proliferation. This finding could help cardiologists understand the natural repair process after heart attacks and develop new therapies to expand cardiac stem cells.
Researchers analyzed data from online football gamblers and found distinct changes in market odds reflecting match events. Gamblers exhibited long-range volatility correlations and traded more on outcomes with small odds, suggesting a preference for favored teams.
Researchers at Queen's University have discovered the molecular cooperation that enables light-controlled drug release and shape changes in glass and plastic. The findings could one day be used to facilitate medicinal drug distribution by allowing doctors to control the time and rate at which drugs are delivered into the body.
Researchers estimate the true cost of smoking to be significantly higher than the retail price, with males facing a premium of €32 compared to the newsstand price. The study suggests that taxes and restrictions can strengthen smokers' self-control mechanisms and generate social benefits.
A newly discovered protein, PAM68, is essential for the assembly of Photosystem II in green plants and cyanobacteria. The protein's unique function highlights common features between plant and bacterial photosynthesis.
The Lancet Review emphasizes the need for tailored approaches in HIV/AIDS financing, as countries face diverging challenges. High-burden low-income (HBLI) countries will likely require extended international support, while middle-income nations with lower burdens can sustain funding using domestic resources.
AUA-led team finds complex organic molecules, including amino acids and nucleotide bases, in Titan's atmosphere. These findings suggest that Titan's atmosphere could be a reservoir of prebiotic molecules that serve as the springboard to life.
The grant supports the lab's transition to analyzing data from a new detector, enabling researchers to identify 96% of subatomic particles in collisions. The project aims to study hot and dense matter, including its critical point, and understand the early state of the universe.
Polymeric solar cells face challenges due to their interpenetrating structures, which impede the travel of energy-carrying excitons. The team hopes to develop more efficient solar cells by understanding and addressing this structural issue.
A survey of Spanish mothers found that they are more concerned about vaccinating their children due to the HPV vaccine incident. In contrast, mothers in Switzerland and Norway expressed less concern about vaccine safety. The study also showed that healthcare professionals are the most trustworthy source of information on vaccines.
Scientists have determined the three-dimensional structure of CXCR4, a molecule involved in HIV infection and many forms of cancer. The high-resolution structure sheds light on how CXCR4 functions and could point to ways to control its activity.
Research found that Campylobacter jejuni bacteria survive longer on meat surfaces when co-cultured with Pseudomonas species, enabling potential infection. The study's results have significant implications for reducing food poisoning incidents.
Researchers at Purdue University discovered cognitive impairment in high school football players who didn't show classic symptoms of concussions. The study used advanced brain imaging and sensor data to identify four players with significant brain deficits, challenging the notion that concussion-free players are unaffected.
Loyola University Hospital reduced blood transfusions by 10% in 2009, saving $453,355, while improving patient safety without compromising care. The new blood management program implemented evidence-based indications and protocols to reduce unnecessary transfusions.
A UCLA-led research team found that bacteria can stand upright and 'walk' during biofilm formation, allowing them to explore surfaces more effectively. This unique behavior is enabled by type IV pili appendages and plays a critical role in bacterial detachment from surfaces.
A Commonwealth Fund study found that US life expectancy has declined relative to other developed nations, despite higher healthcare spending. The researchers attribute the decline to flaws in the US healthcare system, including unregulated fee-for-service payments and reliance on specialty care.
The Solomon's lily plant attracts drosophilid flies by mimicking the yeasty odor of fermentation using six chemicals. This deception is rooted in a deeply conserved neuronal pathway specifically tuned to yeast odors, exploiting an ancient instinct in flies for pollination and food.
A study found that Bt corn's pest suppression benefits non-Bt farmers in Wisconsin by up to 75%, with total economic benefits exceeding $6.9 billion across the Midwest. The primary benefit of Bt corn is reduced yield losses, which non-Bt farmers also experience without paying Bt technology fees.
The study reevaluates Cobitis longipectoralis, a Miocene-era fish with well-preserved specimens. Key findings include the presence of nine pectoral fin rays and distinctive suborbital spine features.
A recent study published in Field Crops Research found that the 'miracle rice' variety IR8 has seen a 15% drop in yield since its release in the 1960s, mainly due to environmental factors. Ongoing breeding efforts are necessary to help farmers cope with changing climate conditions.
A novel protein called ORCA has been identified as crucial for the initiation of DNA replication and the organization of heterochromatin in mammalian cells. Its depletion leads to defects in cellular proliferation and cell cycle arrest, highlighting its critical role in controlling uncontrolled cell growth.
The U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center will develop low-energy technologies for residential and commercial buildings, with a focus on commercialization and human behavior's impact on energy use. The consortium aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through dramatic energy savings of 40-70% in existing and new buildings.
The Entomological Society of America honored 17 professional and student award winners for their contributions to insect science. The awardees include Dr. George G. Kennedy, a renowned expert on insect management, and Dr. Sharron Quisenberry, who has made significant contributions to conservation and germplasm development.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has awarded contracts to develop three biodefense vaccines to protect against dengue, anthrax, and other emerging infectious diseases. The vaccines aim to improve vaccine delivery and immune response for large-scale protection.
Researchers used low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) to treat patients with delayed unions of the tibia, resulting in a 34% increase in bone mineral density. This non-invasive treatment modality shows promise as a viable option for patients suffering from these injuries.
A new clinical study reveals a technique called partial wave spectroscopic microscopy can differentiate individuals with lung cancer from those without, even in lifetime smokers or COPD patients. The findings suggest that this minimally invasive test could lead to personalized screening for lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deat...
A new study reveals that human activities are overloading ecosystems with nitrogen, leading to ecological damage and pollution. Sustainable practices such as crop rotations, optimized fertilizer use, and traditional breeding techniques can help reduce this damage.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has been named a national Center of Excellence for Molecular Hematology to accelerate the discovery of new therapeutic approaches for conditions like sickle cell anemia and leukemia. The center will also help speed the transition of new therapies from research to clinical trials.
Researchers created a new method called BLINC to directly observe protein-protein interactions in live brain cells. They found that synaptic activity affects the growth of a complex that mediates signaling into neurons, leading to excitatory synapse maturation.
Research in the Journal of Tissue Engineering reveals that stem cells detect surface features with mechanosensors, which modulate gene expression through biochemical signaling cascades. This understanding opens doors to develop improved clinical prostheses with topographies that directly modulate stem cell fate.
Germany has made significant progress in bridging the gap between East and West in social determinants of health, with women enjoying the same life expectancy. The Charité and Humboldt University are being celebrated for their contributions to Germany's golden age of scientific discovery and medical leadership.
Tropical Storm Otto formed over the Atlantic Ocean after two changes in less than 24 hours. NASA's TRMM and Aqua satellites detected cold, high thunderstorm cloud tops and heavy rainfall near the storm.
Research published in International Psychogeriatrics found that friends and family members of highly outgoing individuals may miss signs of depression due to inconsistent expectations. Understanding these personality dynamics is crucial for accurate diagnoses and treatment monitoring.
A Harvard-Tsinghua University study measures atmospheric CO2 and carbon monoxide levels in Beijing, showing a trend towards cleaner, more efficient combustion since the 2008 Olympics. The findings support China's official energy efficiency goals and provide valuable insights into combustion processes.
Researchers investigate a massive salt industry in Belize's Paynes Creek National Park and its submergence by sea-level rise. They aim to reconstruct the ancient landscape and explore possible inland supply routes for the Maya civilization.
A massive international study found no association between a genetic marker and the risk of coronary artery disease. The study analyzed data from over 17,000 patients with cardiovascular disease and 40,000 others, concluding that carrying a particular variant of the KIF6 gene does not indicate a greater risk for the disease.
A UH researcher has received a $250,000 pre-seed grant to develop the Blue Scale, a device that tracks cardiac function in the home and sends alerts to physicians. The device, which resembles a bathroom scale, uses biosensors to monitor vitals and can detect heart failure with accuracy.
A new study finds that transgenic corn's suppression of the European corn borer has saved $3.2 billion for corn growers in Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin over the past 14 years. Non-Bt corn growers also benefited from yield savings without the cost of Bt technology fees.
The International Menopause Society launches new treatment recommendations for postmenopausal vaginal atrophy, a condition affecting up to half of women after menopause. The guidelines aim to improve awareness and understanding of VA among women, who often live with the condition unnecessarily due to fear of hormone replacement therapy.
Researchers from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have discovered a new cell survival protein, Mcl-1, essential for creating and maintaining B cell memory. This finding contradicts existing theories and has implications for cancer treatment and autoimmune disease.
Researchers at U-M are investigating adaptive clinical trials to improve the efficiency of clinical trials. The goal is to accelerate drug and device evaluation, improve safety for patients, and reduce costs. Adaptive clinical trials make adjustments based on accumulated data to identify effective treatments more accurately.
A randomized controlled study found that encouraging African-American women aged 60 or over to exercise alongside scripture reading and group prayer led to a significant increase in physical activity. The intervention resulted in a 78% increase in steps per week, four times greater than the control group.
New research published in Experimental Physiology found that men are more effective sweaters during exercise than women. Women need to get hotter before they start sweating, while men can sweat more efficiently with regular physical training.
A new study finds that people who think about time plan to spend more time with loved ones, while those who focus on money fill their schedules with work. The research suggests that prioritizing time for social connections can lead to increased happiness.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new method for converting waste vegetable oil into biodiesel fuel, using a single reaction vessel and environmentally friendly catalysts. The process is six times faster than current methods, consuming less energy and reducing the use of toxic chemicals.
The partnership aims to double the number of physicians graduating from Mozambique medical schools in the next decade and improve surgical care in rural areas. The UCSD component will focus on training additional faculty and building surgical research capacity within UEM.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that the US life expectancy has fallen behind other countries despite high health spending. The researchers attribute this failure to flaws in the overall healthcare system, including unregulated fee-for-service payments and reliance on specialty care.
The European Oncology Nursing Society has launched a breakthrough cancer pain initiative to improve patient outcomes in palliative care. The survey aims to identify knowledge gaps and provide insights into best practices for managing breakthrough cancer pain among oncology nurses across Europe.
In a breakthrough study, researchers found that female cichlid fish develop exceptionally large pelvic fins, differing from male fins in shape and color. Males prefer females with larger pelvic fins, leading to the growth of disproportionately sized fins.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has partnered with the Emilio Nares Foundation to promote cancer survivorship. The foundation offers life-enhancing services, emotional, and spiritual support to children and their families battling cancer.
Scientists have discovered a new hydrothermal vent with temperatures up to 300 degrees Celsius, finding chimneys as high as one meter and gas bubbles in the water column. The discovery of at least five other sites with gas plumes suggests that many more small active sites exist along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
A team of bioethical, legal and medical researchers proposes an innovative approach to oversee direct-to-consumer genetic tests, combining premarket studies with ongoing postmarket evaluations. The approach aims to balance innovation with regulation, ensuring safety and accuracy for consumers.
A new development in NMR/MRI technology enables scientists to image microscopic objects with high spatial and time resolutions, recording images up to one million times faster than conventional MRI experiments. This breakthrough paves the way for portable chemical and biomedical analysis.
Healthy adults who experienced childhood abuse or neglect may have an elevated inflammatory response to stress, increasing their risk of depression and anxiety disorders. A study found that adults with adverse childhood experiences had higher levels of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6, in their blood.
Researchers have determined the structure of CXCR4, a protein that guides blood-forming stem cells, and its interactions with chemokine ligands. The findings may lead to new drugs for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and treating HIV infection.
The GTISC Emerging Cyber Threats Report for 2011 highlights three key areas of security risk: physical systems, botnets, and mobile devices. The report warns of increased threats to infrastructure and healthcare systems due to growing connectivity.
Scientists at North Carolina State University pioneered a method to examine silicon bonds with other materials at the atomic level. This new understanding of bond formation could lead to improved control over materials properties and new device creation.
A new study reveals that asteroid 65 Cybele contains water ice, challenging the earlier finding of organic molecules and water on asteroid 24 Themis. This discovery supports the theory that asteroids may have delivered water to Earth, potentially shaping our planet's formation.
The US Department of Health and Human Services is investing $130 million over five years to strengthen training in a dozen African countries. The Medical Education Partnership Initiative aims to train 140,000 new healthcare workers and improve primary health care delivery systems.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed Bioasphalt, a potential green replacement for asphalt derived from petroleum. The new material is created by mixing bio-oil fractions with traditional asphalt, resulting in improved hot- and cold-weather performance.
Stevens Institute of Technology collaborated with Malaysia's national university, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), on a workshop aimed at commercializing technology and fostering entrepreneurship. The partnership enabled participants to develop business plans, conduct market research, and receive mentorship from Stevens experts.
The Center for Injury Research and Policy at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health will conduct multi-center studies on treatment and outcomes of major orthopedic injuries. The expansion aims to establish treatment guidelines and improve outcomes for wounded warriors.