Researchers found that paper wasps can differentiate between unaltered faces faster and more accurately than geometric patterns or altered facial images. The ability to recognize individuals is crucial for colony stability in species like P. fuscatus.
Researchers discovered evidence of visual ambiguity and rivalry in an unrecognized reference frame, challenging the understanding of how our brains process visual information. The study found that object-frame rivalry is a competing process to spatial rivalry, with similar brain regions and processes involved.
New research reveals that brands perceived as partners elicit cooperative behavior, while those viewed as servants prompt competitive actions. Participants' responses were influenced by automatic social behaviors, revealing a complex relationship between cognition and consumer culture.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that Danish HIV patients with optimal treatment can live as long as the general population. The study, which has been tracking HIV patients for over 15 years, shows that patients are not as ill on diagnosis and have higher CD4 cell counts. This suggests that early treatment and better care may be con...
Researchers found that dental pulp stem cells can repair spinal cord injuries in rats, promoting hind limb function and nerve regeneration. A new vaccine combination boosted BCG's effectiveness against tuberculosis by reducing clinical disease and preventing reactivation of latent infection.
The EUROTAST project brings together young researchers to study the transatlantic slave trade's history and impact. The four-year project will explore captives' origins in Africa and physical quality of life, with a focus on interdisciplinary research and public dissemination.
According to the study, 17 percent of atheists with children attended a religious service more than once in the past year. Atheist scientists cite scientific identity, spousal influence, and desire for community as reasons for their involvement. They want their children to have choices and expose them to various religious traditions.
A neutron star spiraling into its companion star caused a unique gamma-ray burst with varying wavelengths and characteristic radii. The Helium Merger Model, developed in 1998, explained the unusual properties of the burst, which may be part of a new class of bursts.
Researchers found that ephrin proteins help satellite cells navigate and differentiate into muscle fibers. By understanding this process, they hope to develop more effective treatments for muscular dystrophy, a condition where muscles are easily damaged and patients' satellite cells lose their ability to repair.
The Manchester FLITES project aims to produce first-ever images of chemical species in aero-engine exhaust plumes using novel fibre lasers. The four-year study will focus on lowering carbon dioxide emissions, enhancing turbine-related research and development capacity.
A study published in Cell Stem Cell reveals that adjusting the levels of reprogramming factors can significantly impact the quality and fidelity of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. This finding explains the variability in iPS cell quality reported in recent studies, which has sparked debate about their therapeutic potential.
Researchers found that dental pulp stem cells can inhibit nerve cell death, promote nerve regeneration, and replace lost support cells in rats with severe spinal cord injuries. The study aims to translate this approach into an effective treatment for severe spinal cord injury.
Researchers have identified a new pool of stem cells in the heart with long-term expansion capacity and ability to form various cell types, including muscle, bone, and neural cells. This discovery may lay the foundation for regenerative therapies to enhance tissue repair in the heart.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute identify histamine releasing factor molecule as a promising target for developing new treatments for asthma and allergies. The discovery provides new insights on the role of HRF in promoting asthma and some allergies, including its receptor.
Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute discovered a way to reprogram muscle cells to burn sugar more efficiently, resulting in increased athletic ability and reduced lactic acid production. This novel mechanism could lead to new prevention or treatment methods for obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have recreated ancient minerals to reveal the earliest atmospheric conditions on Earth, challenging years of research on life's origins. The findings suggest an atmosphere dominated by water, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, rather than methane-filled wasteland.
A phase I study at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that low-dose IL-2 therapy reduced symptoms of chronic graft-versus-host disease in half of patients, with significant improvements in skin and liver function. The treatment also allowed some patients to taper off or stop immune-suppressing medications.
Researchers at Hebrew University and University of Vienna reveal stress-induced protein synthesis machinery that induces bacterial cell death in E. coli. This discovery may lead to the design of improved, novel antibiotics effective against pathogenic bacteria.
Researchers B. Franz Lang and Mohamed Hijri have identified mushroom species that can consume petroleum, offering a breakthrough in soil decontamination. The discovery is based on phytoremediation principles, where microorganisms play a key role in degrading contaminants.
Researchers will evaluate the relation between low vitamin D levels and risks for certain chronic diseases, including osteoporosis and heart disease. The study aims to define the optimal level of vitamin D in the multi-ethnic U.S. population by sampling African-origin populations across a range of latitudes.
New research reveals that climate change is causing certain species to adapt to new habitats, helping them track ongoing warming. The Brown Argus butterfly has successfully expanded its distribution northwards in the UK, using a range of distinct habitats.
Scientists re-engineered botulism toxins to target non-nerve cells, blocking inflammation-linked protein release. This could expand treatment options for chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, reducing risks associated with nerve cell disruption.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a method to print carbon nanotube transistor circuits using ink-jet printing, which can be used in display devices such as cell phones and digital cameras. The new technology has shown significant performance advantages over traditional organic-based printed electronics.
Researchers found that a year-long Maks therapy, combining motor stimulation, cognitive exercises, and daily living activities, halted the progression of dementia in patients. This therapy showed similar results to cholinesterase inhibitors, but with twice as much effect on daily living tasks.
Researchers developed a method to characterize the optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles, allowing them to assess their safety in sunscreen. The study found that nanoparticles did not penetrate beneath the stratum corneum, the topmost layer of skin, after being applied and washed off.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified two major molecular signaling pathways that regulate cell growth and division, hallmarks of cancer biology. The study provides new candidate targets for treating soft-tissue sarcomas, which can be controlled but not cured by current treatments.
A UBC study explores the social psychological processes underlying anti-atheist sentiments, finding that religious believer's distrust is central to prejudice against atheists. The research suggests that outward displays of belief may be viewed as a proxy for trustworthiness, leading to disapproval and mistrust of atheists.
A calorie-restricted diet high in protein from dairy foods and low in carbs, combined with daily exercise, improves bone health in overweight women. Dairy-based protein supports calcium and vitamin D levels, reducing markers of bone loss.
A new blood test detects phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, allowing for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease before symptoms appear. This could help patients prepare for potential neurological problems caused by the disease.
Researchers demonstrate graphene-based transistor array compatible with living cells, recording electrical signals generated by individual nerve cells. The platform shows potential for future bioelectronic applications, including brain-eye-ear implants to compensate for neural damage.
Researchers have successfully delivered replacement genes to patients with muscular dystrophy using a 'chimeric' virus. The study demonstrates the potential of customized gene therapy as a treatment option for this devastating disease.
Tropical Storm 5A is weakening due to strong wind shear in the Arabian Sea. The storm's convection and thunderstorms are waning, with no visible bands of thunderstorms in NASA satellite imagery. Forecasters predict the storm will dissipate late tomorrow as a shortwave trough steers it away from the Oman coast.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a method to create random molecular patterns by adjusting experimental conditions. This breakthrough could lead to better understanding of disorder and order in molecules, enabling the creation of functional nanoscale devices.
Researchers have discovered a new marker that can accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease versus frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), two types of dementia sharing similar symptoms. The PIB PET scan outperformed the FDG scan in differentiating between the two conditions, with higher sensitivity and accuracy.
Research highlights the age of continental crust, with over 60% originating in the Archean, 2.5 billion years ago. A new paleomagnetic pole for chron 32 corrects for spreading-rate dependence, improving skewness data accuracy. Seismic ambient noise analysis reveals structural alignments in the Chile Ridge Subduction Region.
Scientists have created a novel combination of additives that enable gelatin to mimic the acoustical and optical properties of soft tissue in humans. The resulting tissue 'phantoms' can be used to test photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging technologies, which are increasingly being used in clinical applications.
The article discusses the controversy surrounding science transparency, with some scientists arguing that data sharing and freedom of information can hinder their work. Researchers like Fred Pearce argue that openness would have prevented time-consuming debates between climate deniers and scientists.
Researchers found that newly derived human embryonic stem cell lines have a better molecular signature than established lines, indicating higher quality and potentially better performance in disease modeling. The study suggests that maintaining the original state of X chromosome inactivation could be crucial for achieving optimal results.
Top bartenders are ditching trial and error for a more measured approach to cocktail making, inspired by physics techniques. Rotary evaporators and thermocouples help extract flavors and balance the taste of cocktails, such as martinis and manhattans.
Researchers found that silverfish steal the ant's scent to avoid being killed or rejected from the nest. By continually updating this scent, the silverfish remain protected from ant aggression. This co-evolutionary arms race highlights the ants' complex scent recognition system and the silverfish's elaborate behavioral adaptations.
Researchers developed an algorithm that accurately identifies potential 'red-light violators' within seconds, reducing false alarms. The algorithm's accuracy surpasses existing safety-prediction technologies, with a 85% success rate in identifying violators.
Researchers studying a binary star system in the Whirlpool Galaxy have detected a star dimming noticeably before its companion exploded in a supernova. The study provides evidence that certain patterns of brightening and dimming may signal an impending doom for stars, making it possible to predict when a star is near death.
A University of Michigan Health System-led analysis of federal data found that over half of women who killed themselves had a known mental health diagnosis, with mood disorder being the most common. The study highlights the importance of identifying risk factors in pregnant and postpartum women to intervene and prevent suicide.
Researchers found that certain smartphone models with pre-loaded applications can be tricked by hackers to bypass security features and access personal information. The study tested eight different models and identified significant vulnerabilities in five of them.
Researchers at Purdue University have found a naturally occurring mutation in corn that eliminates the need for detasseling, a labor-intensive process. The mutation, which affects brassinosteroids, results in plants that produce only female organs, including kernels where male tassels should be.
A new study shows that radiation can effectively sterilize the light brown apple moth (LBAM), an insect pest found in California. The method involves using a 250 Gy irradiation dose on pupae to induce over 95% sterility in females and males, reducing the need for pesticides.
Scientists have developed a new approach to gene therapy using site-specific recombinases from yeast and phages, allowing for precise genetic modifications. This technique has the potential to improve efficiency and effectiveness of experimental gene therapies while reducing side effects.
Bob Metcalfe has been recognized with the C&C Prize for his development of Ethernet, a widely used LAN standard that has had immense impact on information technology. The award is a testament to his pioneering contributions to the field of computer networking.
The artificial leaf technology uses sunlight and renewable ingredients to produce electricity, with the potential to power homes in developing countries. The technology has the potential to provide a low-cost solution for generating electricity, making it an attractive option for households and communities.
Magnetic pole reversals occur frequently over millions of years, with hundreds of occurrences recorded in the past three billion years. The process is gradual and does not have significant effects on plant or animal life, climate, or glaciation.
American Indians with African ancestry outperformed 'full bloods' in reproductive success due to genetic, cultural, and socio-economic factors. Their increased fertility helped mixed blood populations grow rapidly compared to full blood groups during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
A meta-analysis found that self-monitoring of oral anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists reduced the risk of thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis and stroke, by 49% compared to conventional care. Self-monitoring was particularly beneficial for younger patients and those with mechanical heart valves.
A one-time injection of fibronectin immediately after spinal cord injury can limit pain for an extended period, according to Cleveland Clinic research. The treatment suppresses inflammatory response and maintains blood-spinal cord barrier integrity.
A new test developed by scientists can accurately detect contaminants in marzipan pastes, including cheap substitutes made from soy and peas. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method can identify small amounts of almond substitutes as little as 0.1%.
The South West Ambulance Service will introduce TXA for civilian trauma patients, which has shown a 30% reduction in death from bleeding when used within three hours of trauma. The cost of the drug is estimated to be £2,560 in year one, with potential savings of many lives and reduced trauma-related disability.
Archaeologists have discovered Nubian Middle Stone Age tools in Oman, challenging long-held assumptions about the timing and route of early human expansion. The findings suggest that humans entered Arabia by 106,000 years ago, contradicting genetic estimates of 70,000 to 40,000 years ago.
Scientists at the University of Hull found that highly suggestible individuals can see colours in monochrome patterns and experience changes in brain activity under hypnosis. The study suggests that these abilities exist independently of hypnosis and may be useful for medical interventions, such as pain control.
Researchers at Caltech have successfully delivered neutralizing antibodies to mice using Vectored ImmunoProphylaxis (VIP), a novel approach to HIV prevention. The treatment effectively protected the mice from HIV infection and produced high concentrations of broadly neutralizing antibodies that may translate to human protection.
Researchers mapped over 100 molecular clouds in the LMC and found many low-mass clouds, contradicting conventional wisdom. The team hopes to learn more about the metamorphosis of gas clouds into stars.
A new study published in Health Care Management Review found that physical environment, workgroup cohesion, and job satisfaction have a significant impact on nurses' ratings of patient care quality. Improving these factors can lead to better patient outcomes without requiring increases in nurse staffing.